Study the following collocations. Provide your examples to illustrate their usage.

to reach a dead end

to break the logjam
to break a deadlock
to pose a threat
to take/delegate responsibility
to reap the rewards of something
to make an effort
to exacerbate/alleviate the problems
to combat inflation / racism etc.
to dodge questions / responsibility

Complete the table below with the words that collocate with the noun ‘effort’.
Adjectives Verbs
collaborative pay off
This book is a collaborative effort My efforts finally paid off and I got the job
involving several researchers. I wanted.
a conscious/deliberate effort (=one that you
concentrate on in order to achieve something)He
made a conscious effort to become a better
person.
a determined effort (=showing a lot of
determination)She had made a determined effort
to lose weight.
a desperate effort (=one you make when you
are in a very bad situation)The fox made a
desperate effort to get away
a concerted effort (=involving a lot of different
actions, or a lot of people working together)It will
take a concerted effort to change the culture of
binge-drinking in the country. a
collaborative/cooperative effort formal (=with
different people or groups working together)This
was a collaborative effort involving the three
largest energy companies.physical/mental
effortHe struggled back from two sets down to
win the match, showing great physical and
mental effort.a final/last-ditch effort (=a last
effort, when you want very much to achieve
something)Sam took a deep breath and prepared
herself for one final effort.
a joint/team effort (=involving a group or team of
people)We had many fine individual
performances, but the win was a real team effort.
 a collaborative/cooperative effort formal (=with
different people or groups working together)This
was a collaborative effort involving the three
largest energy companies.

physical/mental effortHe struggled back from

two sets down to win the match, showing great
physical and mental effort.

a final/last-ditch effort (=a last effort, when you

want very much to achieve something)Sam took
a deep breath and prepared herself for one final
effort.

Translate the following proverbs and idioms. Write a paragraph (10 sentences) to
illustrate one of them.
Birds of a feather flock together.
There’s no such thing as a free lunch.
Charity begins at home.
Practice makes perfect.
Two wrongs don’t make a right.
Actions speak louder than words.

It is true that helping others brings peace and happiness but one cannot gain true happiness if his own
family is suffering and he is out helping others. Our family must be on the top of our priority list. We
must fulfil our responsibility towards our family before stepping out to improve the society.

Our parents have looked after us for years. They have made us capable of what we are today. If we
ignore them and overlook their needs and go out and work for NGOs, we cannot be called helpful and
caring human beings. Our foremost duty is to be with our parents, take care of their needs, lend ear to
their problems and solve them before we head out to change the world. Same goes for other close
relations in our life.

If somebody is in a position to do some good or to extend some help or assistance others, he must see to
it that the members of his family are not left in deprivation. It is only after the needs of the members of
the family are fully met, the help and assistance may be distributed among others. Here, too, there is a
comparative priority-relations, friends, community circle and so on and so forth. If we take the case of
social reform, a man should first try to introduce reform in his own family. Instead, if without reforming
his own family, he tries to reform others, people will not listen to him.
He would rather end up in failure. It does not carry any weight if a chain smoker advises others to give
up smoking while he himself does not leave the same. It is better if one presents his Own example.

There was a lady who had a little son. The lady was a social worker and
always left the son alone o be looked after the servants and went to do
social work. The little boy grew up in the absence of maternal love and care
and developed some complexes. The mother got alarmed at the delinquency
and the freak and referred him to a psychologist, Who, after psychoanalysis,
told the mother that the abnormal behavior of her son had developed due to
lack of maternal love and care. The mother said "I am a social worker and
get no time to give to my son." The Psychologist said. "Madam! I appreciate
your love for social work.
but you must know that charity begins at home.

Revise the following idioms and proverbs.

All that glitters is not gold.
There’s no smoke without fire.
You can lead a horse to water but you can’t make it drink.
Too many cooks spoil the broth.
You reap what you sow.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Many hands make light work.
doom and gloom failed nostrum
to come under fire (for something) to come to light
to do your best to be better off
to make ends meet to take advantage of something
to fall short of something on the same page
off the record on the brink / edge of something
make a mountain out of a molehill to make the most of
a storm in a teacup the upper echelons of power