GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-

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Chapter 1: Introduction
In India according to vehicle theft, burglary census from 2013 the vehicle thefts are
increasing nearly 8.47 % on an average, for this situation the technology to avoid the
theft of the vehicle must also be increased, Microcontroller based real time vehicle theft
detection and prevention system provide solution for this problem. The Global system
of mobile (GSM) communication is a globally accepted standard for cellular
communication. The vehicle owner uses Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) inserted
with in his mobile phone to send messages to GSM modem and GPS system which is a
part of the vehicle theft prevention system that is attached to vehicle. This system is
used for any vehicle like bus, bikes or cars and is cost effective.
The GSM-based Vehicle Theft Control System is an innovative security solution
designed to protect vehicles from unauthorized access and theft. Leveraging Global
System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology, this system enables real-time
communication between the vehicle and the owner. Through a combination of sensors,
microcontrollers, and mobile networks, the system can detect suspicious activities, such
as unauthorized entry or ignition attempts.
Upon detection of a potential threat, the system triggers an alert, and the owner receives
instant notifications via SMS or calls. This allows for swift response and appropriate
action to prevent the theft. The integration of GSM technology ensures a wide coverage
area, making it effective for both urban and remote locations. By providing an
additional layer of security beyond traditional mechanical locks, the GSM-based
Vehicle Theft Control System addresses the growing concern of vehicle theft. Its
reliance on mobile networks enhances the responsiveness and reliability of the security
measures, contributing to the overall safety and protection of vehicles in various
environments.
Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use GPS or GLONASS technology for
locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also
be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or
specialized software. Urban public transit authorities are an increasingly common user
of vehicle tracking systems, particularly in large cities.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

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The safety of private and public vehicles is a major concern nowadays so having GPS
vehicle tracking system ensure their safety while travelling. This vehicle tracking
system can be found in consumers vehicles as a theft prevention and retrieval device.
Police can follow the signal emitted by the tracking system to locate a stolen vehicle.
Generally this system is meant to be installed for the four wheelers but for country like
India where majority of the people using two wheelers, here is the cheapest source of
an anti-theft tracking system. Vehicle tracking systems are commonly used by fleet
operators for fleet management functions such as routing, dispatch, on-board
information and security.

Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Global Positioning System
(GPS)based vehicle location and tracking system provided effective, real time vehicle
location, mapping and reporting this information value and add by improving this level
of service provided. The GPS based vehicle tracking system is designed to find out the
exact location of any vehicle and intimate the position to the concerned authority about
through an SMS. The system includes a GPS modem that it retrieves the location of a
vehicle in terms of its longitude and latitude. The system uses geographic position and
time information from the GPS. The system has an onboard module that it resides in the
vehicle to be tracked and a based station that monitors data from the various vehicles.
The onboard module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem. This hardware is fitted
on to the vehicle in such a manner that it was not visible to anyone.
The system gives also an alarm. Furthermore, the connection to the fuel injector of the
car is deactivated to prevent the unauthorized start of the vehicle anyhow. This anti-
theft security system enhances the chances of recovering the car.Vehicle Tracking
System (VTS) is a technology that is used to discern the whereabouts of a vehicle using
Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM),
and other radio navigation systems operative through satellites and ground stations.
The message is sent through the GSM module and the location of the accident
is detected with the help of the GPS module. Hence with this project implementation
we can detect the position of the vehicle where the accident has occurred so that we can
provide the first aid as early as possible.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

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Chapter 2: System Architecture

In this proposed work, a novel method of vehicle tracking and locking system used to
track the theft vehicle by using GPS and GSM technology. This system puts into sleeping
mode while the vehicle handled by the owner or authorized person otherwise goes to
active mode, the mode of operation changed by in person or remotely. If any interruption
occurred in any side of the door, microcontroller is interrupted and SMS is sent to the
microcontroller. The controller issues the message about the place of the vehicle to the car
owner or authorized person. When send SMS to the controller, issues the control signals
to the engine motor. Engine motor speeds are gradually decreases and come to the off
place . After that all the doors locked. To open the door or restart the engine, authorized
person needs to enter the passwords. In this method, tracking of vehicle place easy and
doors locked automatically, thereby thief cannot get away from the car.

Figure 1. Block diagram for antitheft system of the vehicle

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Relay uses an electromagnet to operate the switch mechanically. It energises to close

or open the circuit.The Arduino Microcontroller does not have the capability to
control the high voltage circuits. The Arduino microcontroller uses a low voltage
signal to operate the relay and this relay interns used for the handling of high voltage
circuits.

Arduino UNO board uses ATmega328 Micro-controller. It contains 14 digital input

output pins, reset button, an USB and power jack. Uno means one in Italian language
which means Arduino 1.0 series. The Uno series is the latest version of USB
Arduino boards. This Arduino board can be powered with both the USB connection
as well as external power source. It selects the power source automatically. The
technical specifications of the Arduino board are as follows:

Sl NO. Specifications

1. Microcontroller ATMega328

2. Operating voltage 5V

3. Digital I/O pins 14

4. Analog input pins 6

5. Flash Memory 32 KB

6. EEPROM 1 KB

7. SRAM 2 KB

8. Clock Speed 16 MHZ

Table1: Specification for Arduino Uno Board

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Solenoid valve is an electromechanical device. The valve is operated by electric current

passed through the solenoid. Through this valve the outflow of the fluid can be allowed
or restricted. Solenoid valve uses less power, accurate in working, gives longer life and
compact design. The technical specifications of solenoid valve are as follows:

Sl NO. Specifications

1. Operating Voltage 12 V DC

2. Fluid used petrol

3. Orifice size 2.5 mm

4. Type 2 Way

5. Cv Value 0.48

Table2: Technical data for solenoid valve

SIM 808 module contains GSM, GPRS and for satellite navigation it also
incorporates GPS technology. With this technology we can trace our assets with a
single system. This system is very convienient and cost effective because of its
simplicity by incorporating the GPS, GPRS and GSM module in a single chip. It is
Quad-band module working in frequency range of GSM 850 MHz, EGSM 900 MHz,
DCS 1800 MHz and PCS 1900 MHz. It provides horizontal position accuracy up to
2.5 m. It works in two modes that is functional mode and sleep mode. In sleep mode
the current flow will be minimum in the module. The technical data of the system are
as follows:

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-
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Sl NO. Specifications

1. Operating voltage 3.4 to 4.5 V

2. Modes 2 modes

3. Tracking sensitivity 165 dBM

4. Update Rate 5 Hz

5. GPS receiver channels 22 tracking

6. Operating temperature 40 to 80 .C

Table2: Technical data for the SIM808 Module

Buzzer/Alarm Here the buzzer is used to give the beep sound when the vehicle
theft is detected. Here the buzzer used is piezoelectric type and of 5 Volts.

ATMega328 microcontroller comes with the Arduino board, which consists of 28

input/output pins. It contains 1 KB EEPROM and 2 KB internal SRAM.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system consists
of a network of 24 satellites located into orbit. The system provides essential
information to military, civil and commercial users around the world and which is
freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver. GPS works in any weather
circumstances at anywhere in the world. Normally no subscription fees or system
charges to utilize GPS. A GPS receiver must be locked on to the signal of at least
three satellites to estimate 2D position (latitude and longitude) and track movement.
With four or more satellites in sight, the receiver can determine the user's 3D
position (latitude, longitude and altitude). Once the vehicle position has been
determined, the GPS unit can determine other information like, speed, distance to

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

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destination, time and other. GPS receiver is used for this research work to detect the
vehicle location and provide information to responsible person through GSM
technology.

This system is very convienient and cost effective because of its simplicity by
incorporating the GPS, GPRS and GSM module in a single chip. It is Quad-band
module working in frequency range of GSM 850 MHz, EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800
MHz and PCS 1900 MHz. It provides horizontal position accuracy up to 2.5 m. It
works in two modes that is functional mode and sleep mode. In sleep mode the
current flow will be minimum in the module.

The proposed GPS/ GSM based System has the two parts, first is a mobile unit and
another is controlling station. The system processes, interfaces, connections, data
transmission and reception of data among the mobile unit and control stations are
working successfully. These results are compatible with GPS technologies. A vehicle
tracking system is an electronic device, installed in a vehicle to enable the owner or a
third party to t rack the vehicle's place. This paper proposed to design a vehicle
tracking system that works using GPS and GSM technology. This system built is
based on embedded system, used for tracking and positioning of any vehicle by
using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile
communication (GSM). This design will continuously watch a moving vehicle and
report the status of the vehicle on demand.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-
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Chapter 3: Challenges and Motivation

Challenges:
 Network Coverage:
The effectiveness of the system heavily relies on GSM network coverage. In
areas with poor or no network reception, the system's ability to transmit alerts or
receive commands may be compromised.

 Cost:
Implementing a GSM-based system involves costs related to hardware, network
subscription, and maintenance. This cost factor can be a challenge, especially
for budget constraints or widespread adoption.

 False Alarms:
The system may encounter false alarms triggered by various factors, such as
technical glitches, environmental conditions, or user errors. Minimizing false
alarms is crucial to maintaining user trust and system effectiveness.

 Maintenance and Upkeep:

Ongoing maintenance and updates are essential for the system's longevity.
Ensuring regular maintenance and addressing software/hardware issues
promptly can be challenging, particularly for large-scale deployments.

 User Awareness:
Users may need to be educated about the proper use and limitations of the GSM-
based vehicle theft control system to maximize its effectiveness. Lack of user
awareness or understanding can hinder the system's overall success.

 Security Concerns:

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The reliance on GSM networks introduces potential vulnerabilities to hacking or

unauthorized access. Ensuring robust security measures within the system is
essential to prevent malicious attacks.

Motivation:
 Remote Monitoring:
GSM technology enables vehicle owners to remotely monitor their vehicles in
real-time. This provides a sense of security by allowing them to keep track of
their vehicles' status and location.

 Timely Theft Detection:

The system is designed to promptly detect unauthorized vehicle access or
movement. Swift detection allows for immediate response, increasing the
chances of recovering the stolen vehicle.

 Quick Response:
In the event of a theft or security breach, the system can send instant alerts to the
vehicle owner and relevant authorities. This rapid notification facilitates a
quicker response, improving the likelihood of recovering the stolen vehicle.

 User Convenience:
With the ability to control certain vehicle functions remotely, such as engine
immobilization, the system provides users with a convenient way to protect their
vehicles and belongings without physical intervention.

 Insurance Premium Reduction:

Some insurance companies offer reduced premiums for vehicles equipped with
advanced anti-theft systems. The GSM-based system can potentially lead to cost
savings for vehicle owners through insurance incentives.

 Customizable Security Features:

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The GSM-based system often allows users to customize security settings based
on their preferences and requirements.

 Peace of Mind:
Knowing that their vehicles are equipped with an advanced theft control system
provides vehicle owners with peace of mind.

Chapter 4: Purpose And Scope

Purpose of the project:

The primary objective of this research project is to enhance vehicle security.

 To locate vehicle 's location and transfer information to monitoring station.

 To integrate Global Positioning System (GPS) based tracking system for
positioning information.
 To choose Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)for information
transmission and acquisition of vehicle 's location information.
 To develop software to display all transmitted information to the end user.

Scope of the project:

The main scope of this project is to send an alert message to the owner of the vehicle
when the vehicle is stolen. The GSM-based Vehicle Theft Control System has a wide
scope in enhancing vehicle security. This project includes a GSM modem, GPS system,
microcontroller, buzzer and solenoid valve for fuel cut-off and a sensor to detect vehicle
theft. When someone tries to steal the vehicle then microcontroller gets interrupted and
orders GSM Modem to send the SMS, the owner receives a SMS that his car is being
stolen and also the exact location of the vehicle through GPS system. With a message
from owner mobile, the ignition system and fuel supply to the vehicle is cut off and the
buzzer gets off. It allows remote monitoring and control using mobile communication.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

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Chapter 5: Applications
Applications:
 Remote Monitoring:
Enables owners to remotely monitor their vehicle's status and location in real-
time using GSM technology.

 Anti-Theft Alarm:
Integrated alarms can be triggered remotely, alerting the owner and deterring
potential thieves.

 GPS Tracking:
Utilizes Global Positioning System (GPS) for accurate location tracking, aiding
in quick recovery if the vehicle is stolen.

 Emergency Assistance:
In case of theft or unauthorized access, the system can send alerts to predefined
contacts or authorities, facilitating a rapid response.

 Geo-Fencing:
Owners can set geographical boundaries, and if the vehicle moves beyond these
limits, an alert is generated.

 Vehicle Status Updates:

Provides information about the vehicle's health, fuel levels, and other
parameters, aiding in proactive maintenance.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

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 Insurance Benefits:
Some insurance companies offer discounts for vehicles equipped with anti-theft
systems, potentially reducing insurance premiums.

Chapter 6: Advantages And Disadvantages

Advantages:
 Real-time Tracking:
Enables owners to monitor the real-time location of their vehicles, facilitating
quick recovery in case of theft.

 Immediate Alerts:
Sends instant alerts to owners through SMS or calls when unauthorized access
or suspicious activities are detected.

 Ignition Control:
Enables remote control of the vehicle's ignition, adding an extra layer of security
against theft.

 Reduced Response Time:

Shortens the response time for vehicle recovery by providing real-time
information to owners and authorities.

 Enhanced Security Integration:

Integrates seamlessly with existing security systems, maximizing the overall
effectiveness of the anti-theft measures.

 User-Friendly Interface:
Typically comes with a user-friendly interface, making it easy for owners to
interact with and control the system.

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 Multi-Functional:
Offers multiple functionalities such as emergency assistance, tracking, and
remote control, making it a versatile solution.

 Ease of Installation:
Generally easy to install and compatible with a wide range of vehicles, reducing
the complexity of implementation.
Disdvantages:
 Dependence on Network Coverage: The effectiveness of GSM-based systems
relies heavily on the availability of network coverage. In areas with poor
network reception or in remote locations, the system may not function optimally
or may fail altogether.

 Subscription Costs: GSM-based systems typically require a subscription plan

for accessing network services. These subscription costs can add up over time,
making the system expensive to maintain.

 Vulnerability to Hacking: Like any wireless technology, GSM-based systems

are susceptible to hacking and unauthorized access. If the system's security
measures are not robust, hackers may be able to bypass or disable the system,
leaving the vehicle vulnerable to theft.

 Limited Control Functionality: While GSM-based systems allow for remote

monitoring and tracking, their control functionality may be limited. For
example, they may not be able to immobilize the vehicle or trigger alarms
remotely, which could reduce their effectiveness in preventing theft.

 Power Consumption: Continuous communication with the GSM network

requires power, which can drain the vehicle's battery over time if not managed
efficiently. This can be a concern, especially if the vehicle is parked for an
extended period without being driven.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-
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 Vulnerability to Jamming: GSM signals can be jammed by sophisticated

equipment, rendering the tracking and immobilization features ineffective.

 False Alarms: There is a possibility of false alarms triggered by system

malfunctions, which can lead to unnecessary inconvenience for vehicle owners
and authorities.

Conclusion
Tracking framework or system is getting to be progressively vital in expansive urban
areas and it is more secured than different frameworks. The proposed novel method of
vehicle tracking and locking systems used to track the theft vehicle by using GPS and
GSM technology. This system puts into the sleeping mode vehicle handled by the
owner or authorized persons; otherwise goes to active mode. The mode of operations
changed by persons or remotely. When the theft identified, the responsible people send
SMS to the micro controller, then issue the control signals to stop the engine motor.
After that all the doors locked. To open the doors or to restart the engine authorized
person needs to enter the passwords. In this method, easily track the vehicle place and
doors locked. When the owner kept the vehicle in parking place. Then any one accessed
the vehicle it sends signal to the owner that it is being stolen. If he again sends the SMS
to the vehicle to stop then the ignition cutoff, fuel supply become switched off and
buzzer will give a loud alarm such that he will left the vehicle in the same location, with
the help of reset SMS it will come to its original mode.

Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-
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Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet

GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System 2023-
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Dept. of CS & E, KR Pete Krishna Govt. Engg. College, K R Pet