Mapwork Past Paper Booklet

PETRO DELPORT
Mapwork Grade 12 Booklet 2 Petro. Delport
INDEX:
TOPIC Page
1. Introduction 3
2. Examination structure 3
3. Exam guideline Question 3 4-5
4. Mark allocation for calculation 6
5. Formula page 6
6. Activities:
Prelim 2021 P1 2931 AB TUGELA 7 - 12
P2 3217 DD SALDANA BAY 13 - 18
NSC November 2021 P1 2331 CC PHALABORWA 19 - 26
P2 2629 DB ERMELO 27 - 34
NSC June 2022 P1 3422 AA MOSSELBAY 35 - 41
P2 2628 AC ALBERTON 42 - 50
Prelim 2022 P1 2930 AC & DC HOWICK 51 - 58
P2 2531 BC EMJEJANE 59 - 66
NSC November 2022 P1 2930 CA MERRIVALE 67 - 74
P2 2932 CA VERULAM 75 - 82
NSC June 2023 P1 2526 ZEERUST 83 - 90
P2 2726 DC ODENDAALSRUS 91 - 96
Prelim 2023 P1 3320 BB LAINGSBURG 97 - 104
P2 2726 BC BOTHAVILLE 105 - 111
NSC November 2023 P1
P2
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1. INTRODUCTION
1. Activity booklet must be printed in colour.
2. Map-extract were copied from original maps. The original maps as A3 resources can
be used as reference if accessible.
3. Revision of the topics should be done using the DBE mapwork booklet.
4. Focus of the booklet is to give learners exposure to Map Work application, using
extracts of the map work sections from the NSC past papers.
5. Know the new structure of the exam papers
6. Use the exam guideline information to ensure that you revise all skills and application.
7. Know how the marks are allocated for calculations
8. Use the Formula page to practice
9. All extract’s scales are as close to the original maps as possible. DO NOT reduce the
size of the pages when printing as it will influence the measurements and calculations.
10. The booklet is a fill-in document to make it user friendly.
2. NSC EXAMINATION STRUCTURE:
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3. EXAM GUIDELINE INFORMATION:

QUESTION 3: 30 MARKS IN PAPER 1 AND P2
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4. MARK ALOCATION FOR STEPS IN CALCULATIONS:

• Distance (2 marks) – as per distance calculation in average gradient
✓ for correct measurement on map (cm/mm)
✓ for correct answer if correct measurement is indicated (m/km)
• Area (5 marks)
✓ for correct measurement of length on map (cm/mm)
✓ for correct measurement of breadth on map (cm/mm)
✓ for correct length in reality
✓ for correct breadth in reality
✓ for correct answer if correct measurement is indicated (m2/km2)
• Average gradient (5 marks)
✓ for correct vertical interval 
✓ for correct measurement of map distance between two points
✓ or correct horizontal equivalent
✓ for correct substitution of values into formula
✓ for correct answer expressed as a ratio
• Vertical exaggeration (5 marks)
✓ or correct conversion to the unit
✓ for correct representation of vertical scale as a ratio
✓ for correct horizontal scale given as a ratio
✓ for correct substitution of values into formula – can be a ratio scale or a fraction scale
✓ for correct answer and unit (in case of vertical exaggeration the unit is times, e.g. 20
times)
• Magnetic declination (5 marks)
✓ or correct difference in years
✓ for correct mean annual change
✓ for correct total annual change
✓ for correct calculation with correct unit (magnetic declination of year map
was printed + () total annual change)
• Magnetic bearing (5 + 2 marks)
The five marks as indicated above
✓ for correct measurement of true bearing
✓ for correct answer
5. FORMULA PAGE:
Calculation Formula Unit Max Grade
Marks
Distance Distance = Distance/length x map scale m / km 2 10-12
Area Area = Length x breath 5 11-12
Area = (Length x map scale) (breath x map scale) m² / km²
Gradient Gradient = height (difference between two points) 5 11-12
Distance (between two points) (x map scale) 1: ____
Vertical VE = Vertical Interval (difference in height) 5 11-12
exaggeration Horizontal equivalent (distance between two points) ___ times
Magnetic MD= MD (magnetic declination of year map was printed) 5 10-12
declination + (total annual change) __⁰__ ′ W
Magnetic MB = TB (True bearing) ± MD (Magnetic Declination ± 2 10-12
bearing total variance) __⁰__ ′ W
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6. ACTIVITIES
PRELIM 2021: PAPER 1
Map: 2931 AB TUGELA
GENERAL INFORMATION ON TUGELA

The uThukela River originates as a stream on the 3,050m high Mont-aux-Sources plateau
near the merger point of the Lesotho–Free State province borders. Its upper course, which
lies within Royal Natal National Park, flows through the Drakensberg range before coming
down fast through a series of waterfalls having a total drop of 948 m. The river cuts through
the Tugela Gorge at the foot of the escarpment (about 1,500 m above sea level), and is
quickly joined by many tributaries.
The uThukela River ends its course of 502 km at the Indian Ocean, about 84 km north of
Durban. The mouth almost completely blocked in times of normal flow by a sandbar. Its
narrow valley and alluvial deposits restrict irrigation.
The climate in this area is mild, and generally warm and temperate. The summers have a
good deal of rainfall, while the winters have very little. The average annual temperature is
19.4 °C at the Tugela Mouth resort and the average annual rainfall is 679 mm.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Furrow Voor
Golf course Gholfbaan
River Rivier
Sewage works Rioolwerke
Weir Stuwal
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OUESTION 3.1: TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP TECHNIQUES
3.1 Refer to the topographical map and the orthophoto map.
3.1.1 The length of the railway tunnel in block E3 is … metres. (1 x 1) (1)
A. 0,3 m
B. 30 m
C. 300 m
D. 3000 m
3.1.2 The map reference for the map northeast of 2931 AB is … (1 x 1) (1)
A. 2831 CC
B. 2831 DC
C. 2931 BA
D. 2931 DC
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3.1.3 Use the following formula and steps to determine the magnetic bearing
from the bench mark in block D5 to trigonometrical beacon 93 in block
C4.
Formula: magnetic declination + true bearing
Use the following information extracted from the topographic map:
(a) Difference in years _____________________________
(b) Mean annual change _____________________________
(c) Total annual change _____________________________
(d) Magnetic declination _____________________________
(e) True bearing _____________________________
(f) Magnetic bearing _____________________________ (7 x 1) (7)
3.1.4 Why is it important to calculate the current magnetic declination?

(1 x 1) (1)
[10]
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QUESTION 3.2 TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP APPLICATION
3.2 Refer to the valley I – J on the topographical map.
3.2.1 (a) The wind that blows at night in the valley is a (Anabatic/Katabatic)
wind? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Describe the flow of the wind identified in QUESTION 3.2.1.(a).

(1 x 1) (1)
(c) Identify the type of vegetation at J (1 x 1) (1)
(d) Explain the climatological factor that determined the location of the
vegetation type at F (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.2 Refer to the uThukela River on the orthophoto map.
(a) Identify the fluvial landform created by the uThukela River on the
orthophoto map. (1 x 1) (1)
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(b) Identify slope 5 and give a reason for your answer. (1 + 1) (2)
(c) (Grass/Trees) are found at 6 on the orthophoto map. (1 x 1) (1)
(d) Explain the positive impact that the vegetation at 6 will have on
the cultivated land at 7. (1 x 2) (2)
[12]
3.3 GIS APPLICATION

3.3 Refer to both the topographical map and the Orthophoto map.
3.3.1 (a) Does an orthophoto map consists of raster or vector data?

(1 x 1) (1)
(b) Motivate your answer. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.2 There is clear evidence of the application of buffering on both the topographic
and orthophoto maps. Refer to block D3 on the topographic map
(a) What is buffering? (1 x 1) (1)
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(b) Provide evidence how buffering was applied in block D3 on the

topographic map (1 x 2) (2)
(c) Name TWO data layers that would have been consulted in the
application of buffering in block D3. (2 x 1) (2)
[8]
TOTAL QUESTION 3: [30]
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MAP: 3217 DD SALDANHA BAY
INFORMATION: THE SALDANHA BAY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE (SBIDZ)
[Sourc:https://ww
-venues.com/maps/west
]
The largest and deepest (approximately 23 metres deep) natural port, at the most
southern tip of Africa, located on the West Coast region of the Western Cape, is known
as Saldanha Bay.
The development of South Africa’s oil and gas resources as well as the fast growing of
opportunities in Western Africa led to demand for an offshore oil and gas platform and
components. Therefore, Saldanha Bay was the ideal choice due to the need for services and
repair services to support these operations. The deep port of Saldanha Bay is politically and
geographically the ideal location for this. Its location also creates a linkage point for both Sub-
Saharan Africa and other international markets.
The SBIDZ’s aim is to become a centralised provider of bulk parts and services to the industrial
sector and home to many opportunities as an oil, gas and marine repair service hub.
[Adapted from: https://gifs.africa/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Geography-Industrial-Development-Zones-
2019.pdf]
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Furrow Voor
River Rivier
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3.1 TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP TECHNIQUES
Refer to the topographical map and the orthophoto map.
3.1 Four options are given for the questions below. Choose the correct answer and write
only the letter (A–D) next to the question number (3.1.1 to 3.1.3) in the ANSWER
BOOK, E.g. 3.1.4 E.
3.1.1 What is the direction of the lighthouse I in block D5 from Diazville J in

block A1? (1 x 1) (1)
A Northeast
B Southeast
C Northwest
D Southwes
3.1.2 The co-ordinates for the wind pump at H block A1 are … (1 x 1) (1)
A 17°54'45''S 32°59'50''E.
B 32°59'50''E 17°54'45''S.
C 32°59'20''S 17°54'40''E.
D 32°59'54''S 17°54'12''E.
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3.1.3 The true bearing from Δ 173 F in block C2 to spot height 72 G in block C1
is … (1 x 1) (1)
A 249°.
B 63°.
C 120°.
D 243°.
3.1.4 Refer to the topographical map extract as well as the orthophoto map
extract.
Calculate the area of 5 on the orthophoto map in m².
Formula: length x breadth (5 x 1) (5)
3.1.5 Which gradient is steeper, 1 : 10 or 1 : 90? Give a reason for your answer.
(2 x 1) (2)
(10)
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3.2 Refer to the topographical map and the orthophoto map to answer the following
questions.
3.2.1 Refer to the topographic map and the general information on Saldana
Bay.
(a) Is the Saldanha Bay IDZ situated on the east or west coast?
(1 x 1) (1)
(b) Identify the topography factor that influenced the site of the
Saldanha Bay IDZ. (1 x 1) (1)
(c) Explain the impact that ONE of these site factors had on the
economic growth of Saldanha Bay (1 x 2) (2)
(d) Explain how environmental impacts caused by the

development of the Saldanha Bay IDZ affects the inhabitants
of Saldanha Bay. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.2 Refer to blocks A3 and A4.
(a) The major land-use zone in block A3 is the (rural-urban

fringe/transition zone). (1 x 1) (1)
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(b) State an agricultural activity that is found in the land-use zone

mentioned in QUESTION 3.2.2 (a). (1 x 1) (1)
(c) Explain the location of the land-use zone mentioned in

QUESTION 3.2.2 (a). (1 x 2) (2)
(d) Suggest a reason for the situation of the sewage works in the
land-use zone mentioned in QUESTION 3.2.2 (a). (1 x 2) (2)
(12)
3.3 Refer to both the topographical map and the orthophoto map.
3.3.1 The orthophoto map is an example of data gathered through remote

sensing.
(a) Define the concept remote sensing. (1 x 2) (2)
(b) How did remote sensing assist developers in determining the

site of Saldanha Bay as an IDZ? (1 x 2) (2)
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3.3.2 Refer to the Saldanha Bay IDZ on the topographic map.
(a) State the data layer that creates better access for imports and
exports and give an example of the data layer from the
topographic map. (2 x 1) (2)
(b) Explain how this data layer mentioned in QUESTION 3.3.2 (a),
improved exports and imports to the Saldanha Bay IDZ.
(1 x 2) (2)
(8)
TOTAL SECTION B: [30]
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NOVEMBER 2021: PAPER 1

Map: 2331 CC PHALABORWA
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the topographic
map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Diggings Uitgrawings
River Rivier
Sewerage works Rioolwerke
Estate Landgoed
Salt pan Soutpan
Nature reserve Natuurreservaat
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3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS
3.1.1 In which province is Phalaborwa? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.2 31 in the map index 2331CC refers to … (1 x 1) (1)
A longitude.
B latitude.
C graticule.
D code.
3.1.3 What is the map index south-west of 2331CC? (1 x 1) (1)
A 2331CD
B 2431AB
C 2430BB
D 2330DB
3.1.4 Calculate the area covered by feature 6 in blocks D4/5 and E4/5 on the
orthophoto map in m².
Use the following information:

Measured length (map distance) = 2 cm
Formula: Area = Length (L) x Breadth (B) (4 x 1) (4)
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3.1.5 Why does feature 6 appear larger on the orthophoto map than on the
topographic map? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.6 Determine the true bearing from spot height 445, I in block A4 to spot
height 421, J in block C4 on the topographic map. (1 x 1) (1)
____________________________
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3.1.7 The magnetic declination for 2021 is 17°10' west of true north. Use the
true bearing in your answer to QUESTION 3.1.6 to calculate the
magnetic bearing.
Formula: MB = True bearing (TB) + Magnetic declination (MD)

(1 x 1) (1)
[10]
3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION
Refer to the seasonal

rainfall graph and the
topographic map of
Phalaborwa.
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3.2.1 (a) In which season is the lowest rainfall experienced in

Phalaborwa? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Identify the type of river that show that the mapped area receives
seasonal rainfall. (1 x 1) (1)
(c) State ONE strategy in block A2 that has been implemented to

overcome water shortages. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.2 The wind direction in blocks B4 and C4 on the topographic map is

either north-north-west or south-south-east. Give evidence from the
blocks above to support this statement. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.3 Landform 7 in block B1 on the orthophoto map is a … (1 x 1) (1)
A gap.
B pass.
C gorge.
D saddle.
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3.2.4 The feature at F in block C5 on the topographic map is a/an … (1 x 1) (1)
A interfluve.
B confluence.
C watershed.
D catchment.
3.2.5 Match landform 8 in block C1 on the orthophoto map with the correct
freehand cross-section.
(1 x 1) (1)
Refer to block A4 on the topographic map.
3.2.6 Give the general direction in which river G is flowing. (1 x 1) (1)
________________
3.2.7 How do tributaries assist in identifying the direction in which river G

flows? (1 x 2) (2)
[12]
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3.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
Refer to the demarcated area in block A1 on the topographic map.
3.3.1 The non-perennial rivers in the demarcated area are an example of

(raster/vector) data. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 Which GIS concept describes the process of demarcation in block A1?
(1 x 1) (1)
A Buffering
B Fencing
C Security
D Querying
3.3.3 Give evidence to show how this process was implemented to

demarcate the non-perennial rivers. (1 x 2) (2)
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Refer to block B4 on the topographic map.
3.3.4 Identify TWO examples of data layers that were considered by GIS
specialists before developing the landing strip in block B4. (2 x 1) (2)
3.3.5 Why was it important for GIS specialists to utilise the layers identified in
QUESTION 3.3.4? (1 x 2) (2)
[8]
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Map: 2629 DB ERMELO
map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
River Rivier
Opencast mine Oopgroefmyn
Prison Tronk
Purification Plant Suiweringsaanleg
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3.1.1 The town closest to Ermelo by rail is … (1 x 1) (1)
A Breyton.
B Camden.
C Chrissiesmeer.
D Piet Retief
Refer to spot height 1738, F in block B1 and windpump, G in block B3 on the

topographic map.
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3.1.2 The rough cross-section between spot height 1738 and the windpump is
… (1 x 1) (1)
_____________________
3.1.3 Give a reason for the intervisibility between spot height 1738 and the
windpump. (1 x 2) (2)
3.1.4 What is the difference in height between spot height 1738 and the
windpump? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.5 Calculate the distance between the spot height 1738 and the windpump in
metres. (2 x 1) (2)
Formula: Actual Distance = Map distance x Map scale
3.1.6 Use the answers to QUESTIONS 3.1.4 and 3.1.5 to calculate the average
gradient between spot height 1738 and the windpump. (2 x 1) (2)
Formula: Average gradient = Vertical interval (VI)
Horizontal equivalent (HE)
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3.1.7 Determine the feature that is located at the following grid reference:
26˚31ʹ54ʹʹS;29˚57ʹ25ʹʹE (1 x 1) (1)
[10]

Refer to the sewerage works, J in block A3, on the topographic map.
3.1.1 The sewerage works are located in the … (1 x 1) (1)
A transition zone
B rural-urban fringe.
C commercial zone.
D industrial zone.
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3.2.2 Wesselton is a residential area located near the sewerage works. Why
does the location of the sewerage works decrease the property value of
Wesselton? (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to street patterns (plans) H and I on the topographic map.
3.2.3 Identify street patterns (plans) H and I. (2 x 1) (2)
H ____________________________ I __________________________
3.2.4 Why is street pattern (plan) I no longer popular in new developments?

(1 x 2) (2)
Refer to the hospital at 6 in block E5 on the orthophoto map.
3.2.5 The main economic activity at 6 in block E5 on the orthophoto map is

(secondary/tertiary). (1 x 1) (1)
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3.2.6 Explain why area 6 was suitable for the development of the economic
activity identified in QUESTION 3.2.5. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to blocks D1 and E1 on the topographic map
3.2.7 How has the opencast mine in blocks D1 and E1 on the topographic map
created an environmental injustice? (1 x 2) (2)
[12]
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Refer to the spatial objects in blocks D1 and E1 on the topographic map.
Give an example of the following:

3.3.1 A natural line feature. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 A human-made polygon feature. (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the image (taken via remote sensing), of the opencast mine as seen in
blocks D1 and E1 on the topographic map.
[Source: https://live- production.wcms.abc-nnet.au/331aa383528239df7238f20fc4a225b9?]
3.3.3 Define the concept remote sensing. (1 x 2) (2)
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3.3.4 Give ONE visible attribute of the opencast mine by referring to blocks D1
and E1 on the topographic map and the image above. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.5 Explain how this image of the opencast mine would be more effective to
assess the environmental injustice than using the topographic map.
(1 x 2) (2)
[8]
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Geography Revision 35
JUNE 2022: PAPER 1
Map: 3422 AA MOSSELBAY
3.1.1 3322CD is located … of Mossel Bay on the index sheet
A south-east
B north-west
C north-east
D south-west
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Geography revision 36
3.1.2 The value of the index contour line F in block C2 on the topographic map is
metres.
A 80
B 100
C 103
D 120
3.1.3 Calculate, in km², the area covered by the orthophoto map using the
following converted measurements: Length: 2,1 km, Breadth: 1,9 km
Formula: Area = Length x Breadth (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.4 Why does the demarcated area of the orthophoto map appear smaller
on the topographic map? (1 x 1) (1)

3.1.5 Calculate the average gradient from 6 in block B3 to 7 in block B4 on

the orthophoto map. (5 x 1) (5)
Formula: Average gradient = vertical interval (VI)

horizontal equivalent (HE)
3.1.6 Is the average gradient calculated in QUESTION 3.1.5 generally

considered steep or gentle? (1 x 1) (1)
[8]

Refer to G in block D3 on the topographic map.
3.2.1 Name the wind that blows down the slopes of the valley at G during the
night. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.2 Explain how the wind identified in QUESTION 3.2.1 negatively influences
crops grown on the valley floor at G. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to block A4 on the orthophoto map and the general information on

Mossel Bay.

3.2.3 The annual temperature range for Mossel Bay is considered to be

(small/large). (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.4 Why does the holiday resort, labelled 10, experience a moderate climate?
(1 x 2) (2)
Refer to blocks A4 and B4 on the topographic map.
3.2.5 The Hartenbos River in blocks A4 and B4 on the topographic map is in

the … course. (1 x 1) (1)
A upper
B middle
C lower
D youth
3.2.6 Give evidence from blocks A4 and B4 to support your answer to

QUESTION 3.2.5. (1 x 2) (2)

Refer to block A3 on the orthophoto map
3.2.7 The slope found between 8 and 9 in block A3 is a … slope. (1 x 1) (1)
A convex
B concave
C uniform
D terrace
3.2.8 Use the evidence from the orthophoto map to support your answer to
QUESTION 3.2.7. (1 x 2) (2)
[12]
Refer to the images, A and B, of a school in Mossel Bay.
3.3.1 Images A and B are stored as (pixels/symbols). (1 x 1) (1)

3.3.2 Which image, A or B, has a higher resolution? (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 3.3.2. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.4 Define the concept data layer. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.5 How will the drainage data layer encourage crop farming in the area?
(1 x 2) (2)
[8]

JUNE 2022: PAPER 2
Map: 2628 AC ALBERTON
map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Golf Course Gholfbaan
Race Course Resiesbaan
River Rivier
Sewage Disposal Works Rioolsuiweringswerke

3.1.1 The map index for Alberton is 2628AC. 28 represents … (1 x 1) (1)
A 28° south of the equator.

B 28' south of the equator
C 28' west of Greenwich meridian.
D 28° east of Greenwich meridian.
3.1.2 The coordinates of trigonometrical station 602, F in block C3 on the

topographic map, are … (1 x 1) (1)
A 26°18'45''S; 28°07'55''E.
B 26°17'49''S; 28°08'55''E.
C 26°17'15''S; 28°08'55''E
D 28°07'52''S; 26°17'55''E.
3.1.3 Calculate the straight-line distance, in kilometres, between point 6 in

block A4 and point 7 in block B4 on the orthophoto map. (1 x 2) (2)
Formula:
Actual Distance = Map distance x Map scale

3.1.4 Determine the true bearing of trigonometrical station 602, F in block C3,
from Kathlehong railway station, G in block D4 on the topographic map.
(1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the information on the topographic map to answer the questions on

magnetic declination for 2022. (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.5 The difference in years is …
A 7.
B 8.
C 9.
D 10.
3.1.6 The mean annual change is … west of true north.
A 3'
B 8'
C 9'
D 10' (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.7 Use the answers to QUESTIONS 3.1.5 and 3.1.6 to calculate the
current magnetic declination. (3 x 1) (3)
[10]

3.2.1 Feature 8 in block C5 on the orthophoto map represents a ... (1 x 1) (1)
A main road.
B perennial river.
C secondary road.
D race course.
3.2.2 Street pattern (plan) 9 in block A2 on the orthophoto map is … (1 x 1) (1)
A irregular (planned).
B gridiron.
C radial.
D irregular (unplanned).

3.2.3 Give evidence from block A2 to support your answer to QUESTION

3.2.2. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.4 A school is located at 10 in block B3 on the orthophoto map. How does

the street pattern (plan) identified in QUESTION 3.2.2 create a problem
for the parents that transport their children to school? (1 x 2) (2)

Refer to the topographic map.
3.2.5 The industries located in blocks A5 and B5 can be classified as heavy

industries.
Give TWO pieces of evidence found in blocks A5 and B5 to support the

above statement. (2 x 2) (4)
3.2.6 Explain the importance of the N3 (national freeway) in blocks A3 and A4

in creating accessibility to the industrial area at H for large local markets.
(1 x 2) (2)
[12]

Refer to the image of Ring Road West located in block A3 on the orthophoto map.
3.3.1 Is the image of Ring Road West classified as vector or raster data?
(1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 Give a reason to support your answer to QUESTION 3.3.1. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Why is the number of lanes on Ring Road West referred to as attribute
data? (1 x 2) (2)

Refer to blocks C5 and D5 on the topographic map
3.3.4 Define the term buffering. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.5 Why is buffering northwest of Union, in block C5, necessary? (1 x 2) (2)
[8]

Mapwork Revision 50
Map: 2930 AC& DC HOWICK
QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES
Study the general information on Howick below.
GENERAL INFORMATION ON HOWICK
Co-ordinates: 29°28′S; 30°14′E

Howick is a town located in Kwazulu-Natal Province. The town is 1050 m above sea level
with warm summers and cool dry winters. A snappy chill descends upon Howick when snow
falls on the nearby Drakensberg. The town is located on the N3 freeway, connecting it with
the rest of South Africa. The town is the location of Howick Falls, which is a
large waterfall that occurs when the Umgeni River falls 95 metres over dolerite cliffs on its
way to the Indian Ocean.
[Adapted from https:// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howick,_KwaZulu-Natal]
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the
topographic map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
River Rivier
Estate Landgoed
Golf Driving Range Gholf-dryfbaan
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Various options are provided as possible answers for questions (3.1.1 – 3.1.2).
Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A – D) next to the question
number in the ANSWER BOOK.
3.1.1 In the topographical map index 2930 AC, the 29 and 30 indicates …
A 29°N 30°W.
B 29°S 30°E.
C 29°W 30°N.
D 29°E 30°S (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.2 The Howick waterfall is located in the … province.
A KwaZulu-Natal
B Limpopo
C Northern Cape
D Mpumalanga (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to spot height 1030 in block E3 and spot height 784 in block D4.
3.1.3 What is the difference in height between spot height 1030 in block E3
and spot height 784 in block D4 on the topographic map extract? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.4 Calculate the distance between spot height 1030 in block E3 and spot
height 784 in block D4 on the topographic map extract, in metres. (2 x 1) (2)
Formula: Actual distance x Map scale
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3.1.5 Use the answers in QUESTIONS 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 to calculate the
average gradient between spot height 1030 in block E3 and spot height
784 in block D4 on the topographic map extract. (2 x 1) (2)
Average Gradient = Vertical interval (VI)

Horizontal equivalent (HE)
3.1.6 A cross section of the slope between spot height 1030 in block E3 and
spot height 784 in block D4 on the topographic map extract is ... (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.7 Give a reason for your answer in QUESTION 3.1.6. (1 x 2) (2)
(10)
Refer to the valley at G in block B2 on the topographic map.
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3.2.1 (a) The nocturnal (night-time) wind that develops during the night in
this area is called a … wind. (1 x 1) (1)
A berg
B föhn
C anabatic
D katabatic
(b) Explain how the wind, identified in QUESTION 3.2.1(a),

promotes the formation of dense fog at G. (1 x 2) (2)
(c) How would the development of fog in this area impact early
morning traffic on the secondary road at G? (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the Mgeni river in the south of the topographic map.
3.2.2 (a) In what general direction does the Mgeni river flow? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Give evidence from the topographic map that the Mgeni river is
a permanent river. (1 x 1) (1)
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Mapwork Revision 54
Refer to block A4 on the topographic map.
3.2.3 Identify the stream order at H in block A4 on the topographic map.

(1 x 1) (1)
3.2.4 Landform 8 on the orthophoto map is a … (1 x 1) (1)
(1)
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Mapwork Revision 55
3.2.5 Identify the fluvial feature at the base of the Howick waterfall at 9 on the
orthophoto map. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.6 Refer to the freehand cross section from 10 – 11 on the orthophoto.
(a) Identify the fluvial landform illustrated in the cross section

above. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Name the fluvial processes taking place at 10 and 11

respectively. (2 x 1) (2)
10 ______________________ 11 ______________________
[12]
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Mapwork Revision 56
3.3 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
Refer to block B1 on the topographic map.

1
3.3.1 Vector data is data that consists of points, lines and polygons. Identify
the following vector data in block B1 that relates to conservation.
(a) A point feature (1 x 1) (1)
(b) A polygon feature (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the Howick waterfall in block E2.
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3.3.2 The location of the Howick Falls at F in block E2 on the topographic map,
is an example of (attribute/spatial) data. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Refer to the Mgeni River which runs through the town of Kwa Mevana in
block E1.
(a) Define the term buffering. (1 x 2) (2)
(b) Do you think buffering was applied in the development of the

town in block E1? (1 x 1) (1)
(c) Give proof from the topographical map to substantiate your

answer to QUESTION 3.3.3 (b). (1 x 2) (2)
(8)
TOTAL SECTION B: 30
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Map: 2531 BC EMJEJANE
BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EMJEJANE
Coordinates: 25°26’ S 31°41’ E
Emjejane, formally known as Hectorspruit, is a small farming town situated between

Kaapmuiden and Komatipoort on a southern tributary of the Crocodile River in Mpumalanga,
South Africa. The farms in the region produce sugarcane, subtropical fruit and vegetables.
The location of Emjejane creates excellent opportunities for prospective investors and
businesses to establish themselves in the area along the N4 transport route servicing the
Maputo Spatial Development Corridor.
Source: https://mpumalanga.online/emjejane/
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the topographic map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Firebreak Voorbrand
According
3.1.1 25°26’
Coordinates: S 31°41’to
E the urban hierarchy Emjejane is classified as a …
A city.
B country
Emjejane, formally known town.
as Hectorspruit, is a small farming town situated between Kaapmuiden and
C hamlet.
Komatipoort on a southern tributary of the Crocodile River in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The farms in the
region produceDsugarcane,
metropolitan (1 x 1)excellent
subtropical fruit and vegetables. The location of Emjejane creates (1)
opportunities for prospective investors and businesses to establish themselves in the area along the N4
transport route servicing the Maputo Spatial Development Corridor.
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Source: https://mpumalanga.online/emjejane/
Mapwork Revision 59
3.1.2 Emjejane is located in … province.
A Limpopo
B Northwest
C Mpumalanga
D KwaZulu-Natal (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.3 The farms in the region of Emjejane produce mainly …
A sugarcane
B subtropical fruit
C vegetables
D maize (1 x 1) (1)
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Mapwork Revision 60
Refer to the follow information extracted from the topographic map.
3.1.4 In what year was the map constructed? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.5 Use the answer for QUESTION 3.1.4 to calculate the current
difference in years. (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.6 The annual change is 5’ Westwards. Calculate the mean annual

change in 2022. (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.7 Use the answers to QUESTIONS 3.1.4 and 3.1.6 to calculate current
magnetic declination. (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.8 Calculate the true bearing of spot height 271 in block B3 from spot
height 274 in block A1. (1 x 2) (2)
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3.1.9 Use the answers to QUESTION 3.1.7 and 3.1.8 to calculate the
magnetic bearing from spot height 274 in block A1, to spot height 271
in block B3. (1 x 1) (1)
[10]
Refer to the farming (Hectorspruit Citrus Estate) in block D1 of the topographic map.
3.2.1 What is the purpose of the straight rows of trees on the Hectorspruit
Citrus Estate? (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.2 Does the farming in this area represent large scale or small-scale
farming? (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.3 Provide evidence from the map to support your answer to QUESTION
3.2.2. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.4 Identify the SDI that developed along the N4 highway. (1 x 1) (1)
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3.2.5 Give evidence from the topographic map that the SDI mentioned in
QUESTION 3.2.4 stimulates infrastructural development in Emjejane.
(1 x 1) (1)
3.2.6 Discuss how the development identified in QUESTION 3.2.5 could

have resulted in economic growth in Emjejane. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to settlements 7 in block E1 and 8 in block C3 on the orthophoto map.
3.2.7 Which of the settlements 7 or 8 is considered an informal settlement?

(1 x 1) (1)
3.2.8 Provide evidence from the orthophoto to support you answer to

QUESTION 3.2.7. (1 x 2) (2)
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3.2.9 Where would most of the residents of the informal settlement be

employed? (1 x 1) (1)
[12]
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Refer to the extract of the railway

tracks in Block A1 and B1 on the
orthophoto map.
Data integration is combining different

types of data and data layers of a
specific area for the purpose of
decision-making.
3.3.1 List TWO data layers from the extract that an engineer will consider
before planning the route the railway tracks will follow. (2 x 1) (2)
3.3.2 Explain how data integration assisted city engineers when they
planned the development of the railway tracks. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to blocks D4 and D5 on the orthophoto map.

4 5
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3.3.3 Data for the orthophoto was gathered through the process of remote
sensing. Define remote sensing? (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.4 How did remote sensing assisted developers in the development of

the Maputo Corridor (N4) along blocks D4 and D5? (1 x 2) (2)
[8]
Total for section B: [30]
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Mapwork Revision 66
Map: 2930 CA MERRIVALE
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the topographic map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Diggings Delwery
Mooi River Mooirivier
Sewerage Works Rioolwerke
Nature Reserve Natuurreservaat
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3.1.1 Study the information below. The orthophoto index map sheet west of
2930 CA 5 is … (1 x 1) (1)
A 2930 CB 1.
B 2930 CA 4.
C 2930 CB 6.
D 2930 CA 9.
3.1.2 The scale of 1 : 50 000 shows a … area and … detail as it is a smaller

scale than 1 : 10 000. (1 x 1) (1)
(i) larger
(ii) smaller
(iii) less
(iv) more
A (i) and (iii)

B (i) and (iv)
C (ii) and (iii)
D (ii) and (iv)
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Mapwork Revision 68
Refer to the orthophoto map.
3.1.3 Calculate the straight-line distance in metres (m) that the power line
covers from 6 in block B3 to 7 in block C5.
Formula: Actual Distance = Map distance x Map scale (2 x 1) (2)
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3.1.4 Draw a freehand cross-section from the recreation facility at point F

in block D2 to point G in block D3. Indicate F and G on your cross-
section. (2 x 1) (2)
ANSWER
3.1.5 Is the recreation facility at F in block D2 intervisible from point G in

block D3? (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.6 Calculate the magnetic declination for 2022. The difference in years
is 6 years and the annual change is 9' westwards. (3 x 1) (3)
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3.2.1 The wind that blows during the night in block C2 on the orthophoto
map is a/an ... wind. (1 x 1) (1)
A anabatic
B valley
C katabatic
D slope
Refer to block D4 on the orthophoto map.

4 5
3.2.2 (a) Which time of the day (morning/afternoon) was the photograph
taken? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 3.2.2(a). (1 x 2) (2)
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3.2.3 Give a climatological reason for the large number of perennial water
sources (dams) and furrows found on the topographic map. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to river H in block B1 on the topographic map.
3.2.4 (a) River H in block B1 generally flows in a north-easterly

direction. Give map evidence to support this statement. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Give evidence why the type of flow of river H is associated with
laminar flow. (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.5 The drainage pattern I encircled in blocks C3 and D3 on the

topographic map is … (1 x 1) (1)
A trellis.
B dendritic.
C radial.
D rectangular.
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3.2.6 Describe the underlying rock structure that is responsible for the
drainage pattern (answer to QUESTION 3.2.5). (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to the photograph below that shows an environmental issue in block C2

on the topographic map.
[Source :https://ucanr.edu/blogs/blogcore/postdetail.cfm?postnum=5574]
3.3.1 Which symbol represents the environmental issue depicted in the

photograph? (1 x 1) (1)
A B
C D
3.3.2 Classify the photograph as either primary or secondary data. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Give a reason for the high resolution of the photograph. (1 x 1) (1)
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3.3.4 How would the high resolution of the photograph assist a GIS specialist
to find a solution to the environmental issue depicted (answer to
QUESTION 3.3.1)? (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to the sketch below of the infrastructure data layer in block C3 on the
orthophoto map.
KEY
Other
road
3.3.5 Identify the missing infrastructure data layer, excluded (not indicated)
on the sketch above. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.6 Using the correct reference symbol, redraw the sketch and insert the
infrastructure data layer identified in QUESTION 3.3.5. (2 x 1) (2)
TOTAL SECTION B: 30
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Map: 2932 CA VERULAM
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the topographic map:
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
International airport Internasionale lughawe
River Rivier
Bridge Brug
Furrow Voor
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Refer to the topographic map and the orthophoto map
3.1.1 The contour interval of the orthophoto map is (5 m/20 m). (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.2 Which vertical exaggeration would give the most detailed indication of
the landforms on a cross-section? (1 x 1) (1)
A 2 times
B 5 times
C 10 times
D 20 times
3.1.3 Complete the grid reference/coordinates of spot height 114 in block

C3 on the topographic map. Write down only the information that is
not included in the question. (3 x 1) (3)
(a) ____º 37ꞌ 42''S
(b) 31º ____ꞌ ____''E
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3.1.4 Calculate the average gradient between F and G. Use the following
information:
Vertical interval (VI): 119 m – 80 m = 39 m
(4 x 1) (4)
3.1.5 Determine if the gradient between (F to G) is steeper or gentler than

(H to I) in block A2. (1 x 1) (1)
[10]
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Mapwork Revision 77

Refer to J in block D4 on the topographic map.
3.2.1 Is the settlement pattern at J dispersed or nucleated? (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.2 State ONE site factor that favoured farming in this area. (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to residential area K in block E3 on the topographic map and the

photograph of the same area below
[Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=residential=areas=in=verulam]
3.2.3 Area K is a (high/low)-income residential area. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.4 Give evidence from the topographic map and/or photograph to

support your answer to QUESTION 3.2.3. (1 x 2) (2)
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3.2.5 How does the spacing of the contour lines indicate that residential
area K is built on steep/hilly land? (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.6 How did the steep/hilly land influence the type of street pattern in this
area on the topographic map? (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.7 Refer to Canelands (6) in block A5 on the orthophoto map and state
ONE situation factor that influenced the location of this industrial area.
(1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the Hazelmere Dam in block A1 and an enlarged extract of the

topographic map below.
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3.2.8 Name ONE tertiary activity that is associated with the Hazelmere Dam.
(1 x 1) (1)
3.2.9 How does this tertiary activity (answer to QUESTION 3.2.8)

contribute to the economy of Verulam? (1 x 2) (2)
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
Refer to the block below representing block D5 on the topographic map.
[Source: Examiner's own sketch]
3.3.1 Identify the following:
(a) Human-made polygon (area) feature
(b) Natural line feature (2 x 1) (2)
3.3.2 The TWO features (answer to QUESTION 3.3.1) represent

(vector/raster) data. (1 x 1) (1)
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Refer to blocks A3 and A4 on the orthophoto map
3.3.3 Buffering is the demarcation of an area around a feature/location.
(a) What evidence indicates that buffering is taking place along

the Mdloti River? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Explain why it was necessary to buffer the Mdloti River. (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to blocks B4 and B5 on the topographic map.
3.3.4 A data layer is a layer of information based on a specific theme.
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(a) Identify the infrastructure data layer that creates international

links for the Dube TradePort IDZ. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) How did the topography data layer assist in determining the
ideal location of the Dube TradePort IDZ? (1 x 1) (1)
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JUNE 2023: PAPER 1

Map: 2526 ZEERUST
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the
topographic map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
River Rivier
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3.1 3.1.1 The grid reference of spot height 1315 in block B4 on the topographic map
is … (1 x 1) (1)
A 25°07ʹ07ʺS; 26°31ʹ26ʺE
B 25°31ʹ26ʺS; 26°07ʹ07ʺE
C 26°07ʹ07ʺS; 25°31ʹ26ʺE
D 26°31ʹ07ʺS; 25°07ʹ26ʺE
_______________________
3.1.2 The straight-line distance from 1 in block A1 to Kopfonteinnek on the

orthophoto map is … kilometres (km). (1 x 1) (1)
A 4,0
B 0,4
C 104,0
D 100,4
___________
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3.1.3 Calculate the average gradient from spot height 1463 at F in block A2 to the
benchmark at G in block C2.
Use the following information: Horizontal Equivalent (HE) is 3 000 m.
Formula: Vertical Interval (VI)

Horizontal Equivalent (HE) (3 x 1) (3)
3.1.4 Use topographic map evidence and your answer to QUESTION 3.1.3 and
give TWO reasons why it will be difficult to construct a road between F and G.
(2 x 1) (2)
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Refer to the rough cross-section below, which represents the area from 2 in block
A2 to 3 in block A3 on the orthophoto.
3.1.5 (a) Convert the Vertical Scale (Z) on the cross-section to a ratio scale.
(2 x 1) (2)
(b) What does the Vertical Exaggeration (VE) of 5 times mean? (1 x 1) (1)
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3.2 3.2.1 The … in block E2 on the topographic map is an indication that seasonal
rainfall occurs in the area. (1 x 1) (1)
A row of trees
B perennial river
C non-perennial river
D cultivated land
Refer to the graph below indicating the average temperature of the area from H in
block C1 to J in block C4 on the topographic map.
3.2.2 Identify the human-made feature that was responsible for the higher
temperatures recorded at X. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.3 Explain your answer in QUESTION 3.2.2. (1 x 2) (2)
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3.2.4 Identify a natural feature that resulted in lower temperatures at Y. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.5 Which sketch below represents the slope from 4 in block C1 to 5 in block B1
on the orthophoto map? (1 x 1) (1)
_______________________________
3.2.6 How does the topography (relief) of the area favors the location of the rifle
range? (1 x 2) (2)
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3.2.7 Describe TWO factors on the topographic map that limited pollution of the
Klein-Maricopoort dam. (2 x 2) (4)
3.3 3.3.1 Which ONE of the following is a standardized point symbol found on
topographic maps? (1 x 1) (1)
_________________
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3.3.2 Identify the alphanumeric block on the topographic map in which the point
symbol (answer to QUESTION 3.3.1) is located. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 Give ONE attribute data of the point symbol (answer to Question 3.3.1) evident
on the topographic map. (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the sketch below.
3.3.4 Identify the GIS component at A. (1 x 1) (1)
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3.3.5 Give ONE reason why the GIS component (answer to QUESTION 3.3.4) is
important. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.6 Data integration is illustrated in the sketch.

Give ONE reason to support the statement. (1 x 2) (2)
TOTAL SECTION B: 30
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JUNE 2023: PAPER 2

Map: 2726 DC ODENDAALSRUS
map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
River Rivier
Bridge Brug
Furrow Voor
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3.1 3.1.1 When calculating an area on the map, the scale is used to … (1 x 1) (1)
A represent the area on the topographic map.

B calculate the area in reality.
C represent the area on the orthophoto map.
D calculate the height of the area in reality.
3.1.2 Calculate the area which is demarcated in red/black on the topographic

map in km². Use the following information:
Measured length (map distance) = 3,7 cm
Formula: Area = Length (L) x Breadth (B) (4 x 1) (4)
3.1.3 The true bearing from trigonometrical station 286 (F) in block B4 to spot
height 1 357 (G) in block C5 is (161°/342°). (1 x 1) (1)
_________________
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3.1.4 Calculate the magnetic declination of Odendaalsrus for 2023. Use the
information and steps given below.
Mean magnetic declination 21°09′ West of True North (February 2020).Mean

annual change 10′ Westwards (Feb. 2020 – Jan. 2021).
Difference in years: 3 years

Mean annual change: 10' westwards
Total change:
Magnetic declination for 2023:
(3 x 1) (3)
3.1.5 Use the answers to QUESTIONS 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 to calculate the magnetic
bearing for 2023.
Formula:
Magnetic bearing = True bearing + Magnetic declination (1 x 1) (1)
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Refer to the Phakisa Motor Race Track (H) in blocks B3 and C3 on the topographic
map.
3.2.1 (a) In which land-use zone is the race track located? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) How does the location of the race track reduce possible
environmental injustices to the residents of Odendaalsrus? (1 x 2) (2)
Refer to the topographic map and the orthophoto map.
3.2.2 (a) The main primary activity at 6 on the orthophoto map is

(mining/quarrying). (1 x 1) (1)
____________________
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Mapwork Revision 95
(b) Give evidence from the topographic map to support your answer to
QUESTION 3.2.2(a). (1 x 2) (2)
(c) Identify the transport infrastructure that supports the main primary
activity at 6 on the orthophoto map. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.3 (a) Identify main street pattern I in blocks A1 and A2. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Why is the street pattern, identified in QUESTION 3.2.3(a),

associated with traffic congestion? (1 x 2) (2)
(c) How has the topography influenced the lay-out of the street pattern
identified in QUESTION 3.2.3(a)? (1 x 2) (2)
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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
Reference information X and Y are extracts from the Odendaalsrus

topographic map which indicates different types of data.
3.3.1 (a) The location of J is (spatial/attribute) data. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Give the spatial data of J in degrees and minutes. (2 x 1) (2)
(c) How does reference information X assist in identifying the

attribute data of the road in extract Y? (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.2 (Spatial resolution/Remote sensing) is used to collect information from a

distance. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.3 What is the advantage of collecting information from a distance for the
activity at 6 on the orthophoto map? (QUESTION 3.2.2 (a)) (1 x 2) (2)
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Map: 3320 BB LAINGSBURG
BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON LAIINGSBURG
Co-ordinates: 33°11′42″S 20°51′33″E
Laingsburg is situated along the N1 route, at Lat: -33.20, Long: 20.85, in the Western
Cape province of South Africa. It is a relatively large agricultural town in the semi-arid Great
Karoo. It was partially destroyed within minutes in a flash flood after a cloud burst in 1981.
Before the flood, rain initially started with a light drizzle but, the soil of the area is of such a
nature that it can't absorb much rainwater. The consequence is that water drains directly into
the rivers.
The town's total rainfall is about 150mm per year. The main water supply is a fountain in the
Moordenaars Karoo area. Although the Buffels River runs right through the town, the river
hardly ever has any water. Summers are extremely hot and dry, with temperatures usually
exceeding 30 °C. Winters are crisp to sometimes very cold, with snow occasionally occurring
in the surrounding region.
[Adapted from https:// https://www.laingsburg.gov.za/]
map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
River Rivier
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Mapwork Revision 98
Refer to the topographic map
3.1.1 The altitude of the reservoir located at F in block A5 on the topographic

map is … metres. (1 x 1) (1)
A 890
B 875
C 820
D 780
______________
3.1.2 The feature located at 33°11ʹ32ʺS; 20°51ʹ04ʺE on the Topographic map

is a … (1 x 1) (1)
A School.
B Hospital.
C Recreational area.
D National road (1 x 1) (1)
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Mapwork Revision 99
3.1.3 Calculate the length of the bridge indicated as L on the road in block E5
on the topographic map in metres (m).
Formula: Actual Distance = Map distance x Map scale (2 x 1) (2)
Refer to the Orthophoto map.
3.1.4 Calculate the average gradient between spot height 731 in block D2
and point 6 in block D3 on the orthophoto map in meter. Vertical
Interval (VI): 731 m – 650 m = 81 m.
Average Gradient = Vertical interval (VI)

Horizontal equivalent (HE) (4 x 1) (4)
2 3
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Mapwork Revision 100
3.1.5 Draw a free hand cross section of the slope between trigonometrical
station 103 (in block D3) and point 6 (in block D4) on the orthophoto
map extract. (1 x 1) (1)
3.1.6 Identify the slope on the cross section drawn in QUESTION 3.1.5.
(1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the settlement Goldnerville in block C4 on the Topographic map.
3.2.1 (a) Goldnerville experiences frost pockets during the night because
of its … location. (1 x 1) (1)
A valley
B altitude
C aspect
D longitude
________________
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(b) The wind that develops at night in block B4/C4 is a/an (anabatic
/ katabatic) wind. (1 x 1) (1)
(c) How would the steep slope north of Laingsburg impact the wind
identified in QUESTION 3.2.1 (b)? (1 x 1) (1)
Refer to the area indicated with black dotted line in block B5 of the topographic map.
3.2.2 (a) Identify the predominant drainage pattern of the area indicated
as H in block B5 on the topographic map. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Describe the underlying rock structure that is responsible for

the drainage pattern (answer to QUESTION 3.2.2 (a)). (1 x 2) (2)
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Refer to the area indicated as J in blocks B1 and B2 and A1 and A2 on the

topographic map.
3.2.3 (a) Calculate the stream order of the river at J in block B1. (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Explain how the number of 1st order streams in the area
indicated by J, evidence of a dendritic drainage pattern is.
(1 x 2) (2)
Refer to the white line 7 – 8 on the orthophoto in block A1.
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3.2.4 (a) Which one of the following diagrams represents a cross section
from point 7 to point 8 on the orthophoto map? (1 x 1) (1)
7 8
8 7
___
_
A B
(b) Identify the fluvial slope elements at 7 and 8 respectively.

(2 x 1) (2)
7 -_________________________________________
8 - _________________________________________
[12]
3.3 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Laingsburg was partially destroyed within minutes in a flash flood after a cloud
burst in 1981.Refer to the following image of the railway bridge and block C3 on
the topographic map.
[Source: https://www.laingsburg.gov.za/laingsburg-flood-1981-0]
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3.3.1 The image above is classified as a ….
A Orthophoto
B Topographic map
C Oblique photo
D Vertical photo (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 (a) Can the photo above be identified as a low- or high-resolution

photograph? (1 x 1) (1)
(b) Explain your answer in QUESTION 3.3.2 (a). (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.2 (a) Define the term buffering. (1 x 2) (2)
(b) Give evidence from the topographic map that buffering was
implemented after the 1981 flood as a strategy to prevent the
same scale of damage during future flooding. (1 x 2) (2)
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Map: 2726 BC BOTHAVILLE
BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON BOTHAVILLE
Bothaville
Situated in the north western parts of the Free State Province, at the confluence of the Vals
and Vaal Rivers, the town of Bothaville is considered to be one of the richest agricultural
districts in the country. It forms a key pillar in the so-called maize triangle as the heartland of
South Africa’s maize producing region. The district of Bothaville is also a major producer of
other grain such as sunflower, sorghum, peanuts, etc. and this serves as the major reason
for Bothaville to be a bustling rural town with a lively business sector. The head office of
Grain SA is found at Bothaville, while moreover the town is officially known as the Maize
Capital of South Africa.
Source: https://web.archive.org/web/20100516143452/http://www.bothavillemaizecapital.co.za/
The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the topographic map.
ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Water purification plant Water Suiweringsaanleg
Weir Keerwal
Landing strip Landingstrook
Situated in the north western parts of the Free State Province, at the confluence of the Vals and Vaal Rivers,
the town of Bothaville is considered to be one of the richest agricultural districts in the country. It forms a key
pillar in the so-called maize triangle as the heartland of South Africa’s maize producing region. The district of
Bothaville is also a major producer of other grain such as sunflower, sorghum, peanuts, etc. and this serves as
the major reason for Bothaville to be a bustling rural town with a lively business sector. The head office of
Grain SA is found at Bothaville, while moreover the town is officially known as the Maize Please
Capitalturn
of South
over
Africa.
3.1.1 The land-use found at the following coordinates, 27°22’10’’S and

26°36’30’’E is …
A cultivated lands
B ruins
C a cemetery
D powerline
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3.1.2 The sewerage works in block D2 is situated … from the excavations in

block C4.
A north-east
B south-west
C south-east
D north-west (2 x 1) (2)
Refer to the Hendrik Potgieter landing strip at F in blocks B3 – 4 and C3 on the

topographic map. An aeroplane/aircraft comes in to land on the landing strip from
a north-easterly direction.
3.1.3 Determine the true bearing that the pilot must use when approaching
the landing strip. (1 x 1) (1)
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3.1.4 The control room needs to communicate the landing process and
therefore needs to make use of the magnetic declination to determine
the correct magnetic bearing for the pilot to use. Calculate the current
(2023) magnetic declination for the map. (5 x 1) (5)
3.1.5 Use your answers to QUESTION 3.1.3 and QUESTION 3.1.4 and
determine the magnetic bearing used by pilots for this landing process.
(2 x 1) (2)
3.2.1 Compare the street patterns at G of Bothaville in block D2 and D3 with

the street patterns of Khotsong at H in blocks B4 and B5. Redraw the
following table in your answerbook and complete the table.
G H
Street pattern
Possible reason for
the pattern
(4 x 1) (4)
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3.2.2 Bothaville can be considered a (central place / specialised) town.

(1 x 1) (1)
3.2.3 Motivate your answer for QUESTION 3.2.2. (1 x 1) (1)
3.2.4 At I in block B2, silos are located. Would you classify silo’s as
(primary/secondary) activities? (1 x 1) (1)
__________________
3.2.5 Give a reason for your answer on QUESTION 3.2.4 (1 x 2) (2)
3.2.6 List TWO factors, evident from the following topographic map extract,
which favours the planting of maize in the Bothaville region. (2 x 1) (2)
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3.2.7 Name ONE hindering factor in block B3 that would prevent the
expansion/growth of the maize plantation on the Enkelboom farm in a
south-easterly direction. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.1 The orthophoto is an example of (vector/raster) data. (1 x 1) (1)
3.3.2 Explain how the data, chosen in QUESTION 3.3.1 has been obtained.
(1 x 2) (2)
3.3.3 Identify the line symbol indicated as J in block D2. (1 x 1) (1)
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3.3.4 Define the term spectral resolution. (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.5 Comment on the spectral resolution in the orthophoto map. (1 x 2) (2)
TOTAL: [30]
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PETRO DELPORT

Mapwork Grade 12 Booklet 2 Petro. Delport

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2. NSC EXAMINATION STRUCTURE:

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3. EXAM GUIDELINE INFORMATION:

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4. MARK ALOCATION FOR STEPS IN CALCULATIONS:

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PRELIM 2021: PAPER 1

Map: 2931 AB TUGELA

GENERAL INFORMATION ON TUGELA

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OUESTION 3.1: TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP TECHNIQUES

3.1 Refer to the topographical map and the orthophoto map.

3.1.1 The length of the railway tunnel in block E3 is … metres. (1 x 1) (1)

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Formula: magnetic declination + true bearing

Use the following information extracted from the topographic map:

(a) Difference in years _____________________________

(b) Mean annual change _____________________________

(c) Total annual change _____________________________

(d) Magnetic declination _____________________________

(e) True bearing _____________________________

(f) Magnetic bearing _____________________________ (7 x 1) (7)

3.1.4 Why is it important to calculate the current magnetic declination?

QUESTION 3.2 TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP APPLICATION

3.2 Refer to the valley I – J on the topographical map.

(b) Describe the flow of the wind identified in QUESTION 3.2.1.(a).

(c) Identify the type of vegetation at J (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.2 Refer to the uThukela River on the orthophoto map.

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(c) (Grass/Trees) are found at 6 on the orthophoto map. (1 x 1) (1)

3.3 GIS APPLICATION

3.3.1 (a) Does an orthophoto map consists of raster or vector data?

(b) Motivate your answer. (1 x 2) (2)

(a) What is buffering? (1 x 1) (1)

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(b) Provide evidence how buffering was applied in block D3 on the

TOTAL QUESTION 3: [30]

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PRELIM 2021: PAPER 2

INFORMATION: THE SALDANHA BAY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE (SBIDZ)

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3.1 TOPOGRAPHIC AND ORTHOPHOTO MAP TECHNIQUES

Refer to the topographical map and the orthophoto map.

3.1.1 What is the direction of the lighthouse I in block D5 from Diazville J in

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(d) Explain how environmental impacts caused by the

3.2.2 Refer to blocks A3 and A4.

(a) The major land-use zone in block A3 is the (rural-urban

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(b) State an agricultural activity that is found in the land-use zone

(c) Explain the location of the land-use zone mentioned in

3.3.1 The orthophoto map is an example of data gathered through remote

(a) Define the concept remote sensing. (1 x 2) (2)

(b) How did remote sensing assist developers in determining the

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3.3.2 Refer to the Saldanha Bay IDZ on the topographic map.

TOTAL SECTION B: [30]

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NOVEMBER 2021: PAPER 1

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