ExpNo-04

Name of Experiment: Determination of percent composition of lattice water

of hydrated copper sulphate .
Principle : Blue vitriol’s chemical name is penta hydrate copper sulphate and its formula is
CuSO4.5H2O.It is a blue colored crystal lattice with 5 molecules of water .If heat is applied
that water vaporizes and its color turns into white .These five molecules are called crystal
water.
CuSO4.5H2O → CuSO4+5H2O
Required Apparatus : copper sulphate ,desiccator, chemical balance ,ceramic bowl ,tripod
stand,wire gauze,Bunsen burner .
Procedure:
1 .At first the porcelain basin was weighed on a balance.Suppose the weight was ‘a’ gram.
.Then some copper sulphate was taken in bowl and weighed again.Lets consider the weight was ‘b’ gram.Therefore
mass of copper sulphate was (b-a)gram.

2 . A wire gauze was placed on tripod stand and burner was placed below the stand .For
heating copper sulphate porcelain bowl with copper sulphate was placed on wire gauze.
3 . When heat was applied to copper sulphate the color of it started to change.The blue
color would gradually turn white .since the water in blue vitriol was vaporized,the color
was transforming.Heating was stopped after completion of color transformation.
4 . The bowl was taken to the desiccator as early as possible.It was weighted again
aftercooling.If the process wasn’t done fast,the Copper sulphate would again absorb water
and became blue.New weight was assumed ‘c’gram .
That mean,after the vaporization of water,copper sulphate’s mass was (c-a) gram .The mass
of vaporized water from bluevitriol was (b-a) –(c-a)=(b-c) gram.
Calculation:
Mass of removed water from (b-a) gram copper sulphate = (b-c) gram .So,mass of removed
water from100gram copper sulphate=(b-c) /( b-a)X 100gram
The percent composition ofcrystallized water in copper sulphate was (b-c)/( b-a)X100%
Precautions:
1 .During heating it should be done slowly and carefully so that heat reaches all the spots.
2 .After the removal of water fromcopper sulphate,weighing should be done very quickly.