8 Health

Third Quarter
Module 1: Stages of
Infection
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION VII, CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SIQUIJOR

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Published by the Department of Education

OIC-Schools Division Superintendent: Dr. Neri C. Ojastro

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Dr. Edmark Ian L. Cabio
Development Team of the Learning Module
Writer: Praxelyn P. Jumalon

Melody
Cecil
Lina P.
A.Veradio
Anne
Merencillo
Evaluators: Aso Mae Yabo
Luchi

Management Team: Dr. Marlou S. Maglinao

CID – Chief
Earl J. Aso
Education Program Supervisor (MAPEH)
 8
Health
Third Quarter
Module 1: Stages of
Infection

Introduction
 This module is written in support of the K To 12 Basic Education Program to
ensure attainment of standards expected of you as a learner.

This aims to equip you with essential knowledge on the Family Health.

This includes the following activities/tasks:

▪ Expected Learning Outcome – This lays out the learning outcome that you are
expected to have accomplished at the end of the module.

▪ Pre-test – This determines your prior learning on the particular lesson you are
about to take.

▪ Discussion of the Lesson – This provides you with the important knowledge,
principles and attitude that will help you meet the expected learning outcome.

▪ Learning Activities – These provides you with the application of the knowledge and
principles you have gained from the lesson and enable you to further enhance your
skills as you carry out prescribed tasks.

▪ Post – test -This evaluates your overall understanding about the module.

With the different activities provided in this module may you find this material
engaging and challenging as it develops your critical thinking skills.

What I Need To Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
 discuss the stages of infection. (H8DD-IIIa-5)
 What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of your answer in every item. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.

1. Which of the following statements about the period of convalescence is

FALSE?
A. Some people die before reaching the period of convalescence.
B. The diseases can often still be transmitted to others during the
convalescence stage.
C. During the convalescence stage, people return to their pre-illness
stage.
D. During the period convalescence, microbial replication slowly
continues to occur.

2. An invading pathogen multiplies within your body prior to causing any signs or
symptoms of disease. Which stage of disease developmental is this?
A. Period of incubation
B. Period of illness
C. Period of convalescence
D. Period of decline

3. It begins more when more specific signs and symptoms appear.

A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

4. This is the last stage of infection and recovery may take several days to
months.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

5. This stage occurs after the incubation period.

A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

6. During this stage, the patient generally returns to normal functions, although
some diseases may inflict permanent damage that the body cannot fully
repair.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
 D. Prodromal stage

7. This period can vary from a day or two in acute disease to months or years in
chronic disease, depending upon the pathogen.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

8. This period is diverse, and can include strength of the pathogen, strength of
the host immune defenses, site of infection, type of infection, and the size
infectious dose received.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

9. Patients become susceptible to developing secondary infections because

their immune systems have been weakened by the primary infection.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

10. Example of common cold is characterized by sore throat, sinus congestion,

and rhinitis, mumps manifested by earache, high fever, and salivary gland
swelling.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

11. With many viral diseases associated with rashes

(e.g., chickenpox, measles, rubella, roseola), patients are contagious
during the incubation period up to a week before the rash develops.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

12. The transmission can still occur during the periods of decline, convalescence,
and even long after signs and symptoms of the disease disappear.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage
 What’s In
You learned about responsible parenthood on the previous topic. Answer the
activities related to responsible parenthood.

Directions: Reflect on the quotation and answer the questions. Write your
answers/ideas in your activity notebook.

“Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy. It does not boast. It is not
proud. It is not rude. It is not self-seeking. It is not easily angered, and it
keeps no record of wrong. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the
truth. It always protects, trusts, hopes, and perseveres.”

Questions:
1. What message can you draw from the quotation?
2. How can you “put love into action” every day within your family?

What’s New
A Life-Changing Letter

Dear students,

This life-changing letter is about the course of infection by stages. Read it

carefully and understand how infection manifests through its various stages.

When a person is sick, the first stage of infection is incubation. It is the

period starting from the entry of the pathogen until the appearance of the first sign.
For example: chickenpox, it takes 2 to 3 weeks of incubation. For common cold, 1 to
2 days of incubation, influenza takes 1 to 3 days, and 15 to 18 days for mumps.

The second stage is called the prodromal stage which starts from the onset
of non-specific signs and symptoms such as fever.

Illness stage begins when more specific signs and symptoms appear. For
example, common cold is characterized by sore throat, sinus congestion, and
rhinitis, mumps manifested by earache, high fever, and salivary gland swelling.
 The last stage of infection is an interval when acute symptoms of infection
disappear. The length of recovery depends on the severity of infection and the sick
person’s general state of health. Recovery may take several days to months and is
called the convalescence stage.

By understanding the chain of infection, the sick person must intervene to

prevent the infection from developing any further. When a sick person acquires an
infection, he/she must observe signs and symptoms of infection and take appropriate
actions to prevent the spread like staying away from other people, and taking the
doctor’s advice seriously. Infection follows a progressive course as explained above.
The severity of the sick person’s illness depends on the extent of the infection, the
pathogenicity of the microorganism and susceptibility of the host.

I hope that you were able to learn something about the stages of infections.

- Michelle Ziegler, Contagious, wordpress.com

Directions: Now that you have read the chain letter of the stages of infection, choose
the best stage to CUT from the flow of infection and explain your choice.
Write your answer in your activity notebook.

Rubrics

4 3 2 1 Pts
.
Explanation Complete Good Explanation is Misses key
response response with not clear. points.
with detailed clear
explanation. explanation.
Demonstrate Shows Shows Response Response
d Knowledge complete substantial shows some shows lack of
understandin understandin understandin understandin
g of the g. g. g.
question.
Sensible Complete Has sensible Hardly makes Does not
Opinions response opinion. sensible have sensible
with bright opinion. opinions.
opinion.
 What Is It
Periods of Disease
The five periods of disease (sometimes referred to as stages or phases)
include the incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, and convalescence periods
(Figure 2). The incubation period occurs in an acute disease after the initial entry of
the pathogen into the host (patient). It is during this time the pathogen begins
multiplying in the host. However, there are insufficient numbers of pathogen particles
(cells or viruses) present to cause signs and symptoms of disease. Incubation
periods can vary from a day or two in acute disease to months or years in chronic
disease, depending upon the pathogen. Factors involved in determining the length of
the incubation period are diverse, and can include strength of the pathogen, strength
of the host immune defenses, site of infection, type of infection, and the size
infectious dose received. During this incubation period, the patient is unaware that a
disease is beginning to develop.

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which are related to the number of pathogen particles (red) and the severity of signs
and symptoms (blue).
The prodromal period occurs after the incubation period. During this phase,
the pathogen continues to multiply and the host begins to experience general signs
and symptoms of illness, which typically result from activation of the immune system,
such as fever, pain, soreness, swelling, or inflammation. Usually, such signs and
symptoms are too general to indicate a particular disease. Following the prodromal
period is the period of illness, during which the signs and symptoms of disease are
most obvious and severe
The period of illness is followed by the period of decline, during which the
number of pathogen particles begins to decrease, and the signs and symptoms of
illness begin to decline. However, during the decline period, patients may become
susceptible to developing secondary infections because their immune systems have
been weakened by the primary infection. The final period is known as the period of
convalescence. During this stage, the patient generally returns to normal functions,
although some diseases may inflict permanent damage that the body cannot fully
repair.
Infectious diseases can be contagious during all five of the periods of disease.
Which periods of disease are more likely to associate with transmissibility of an
infection depends upon the disease, the pathogen, and the mechanisms by which
the disease develops and progresses. For example, with meningitis (infection of the
lining of brain), the periods of infectivity depend on the type of pathogen causing the
infection. Patients with bacterial meningitis are contagious during the incubation
period for up to a week before the onset of the prodromal period, whereas patients
with viral meningitis become contagious when the first signs and symptoms of the
prodromal period appear. With many viral diseases associated with rashes
(e.g., chickenpox, measles, rubella, roseola), patients are contagious during the
incubation period up to a week before the rash develops. In contrast, with many
respiratory infections (e.g., colds, influenza, diphtheria, strep throat,
and pertussis) the patient becomes contagious with the onset of the prodromal
period. Depending upon the pathogen, the disease, and the individual infected,
transmission can still occur during the periods of decline, convalescence, and even
long after signs and symptoms of the disease disappear. For example, an individual
recovering from a diarrheal disease may continue to carry and shed the pathogen in
feces for some time, posing a risk of transmission to others through direct contact or
indirect contact (e.g., through contaminated objects or food).

What’s More
I Have To Decide

Directions: Read and copy the column “When this happens…” Analyze if you will do
or not the statement in the column “What will I do?” Put a check mark
(√) on the column that correspond your answer.

When this happens… What will I do? Yes No

When I understood the chain I will intervene to prevent
and stages of infection infections from developing.
When I acquire infection I will observe signs and
symptoms of infections.
 When there are symptoms and I will take appropriate
signs actions to prevent its
spread.
When the symptoms and signs I will see the appropriate
persist doctor/medical specialist.

If you checked four (4) yes, then you are really a disciplined
1st and health conscious student. You are ready to be a model
for others to follow.

If you checked two (2) yes, then you have to go back to where
you started and internalize or analyze what a sick person should
2nd do when he/she is infected. So that when you are infected, you
know what to do.

If you checked one (1) yes, then you have to read the module
3rd again and research on other health information to understand
what to do during the course of infections.

What I Have Learned

I learned that:

- The periods of disease include the incubation period, the prodromal

period, the period of illness, the period of decline, and the period of
convalescence. These periods are marked by changes in the number of
infectious agents and the severity of signs and symptoms.
 What I Can Do
What’s the word?

Directions: Copy the puzzle in your activity notebook and write the letter in each box
to form the word being described. Choose your answer in the choices:
Convalescence stage, Incubation stage, Illness stage, Prodromal stage.

Across

1. This is the interval between entrance of pathogen into the body to the
appearance of first symptoms.
2. This is the stage when the sick person exhibits signs and symptoms
specific to type of infections.
3. This is the interval when acute symptoms of infection disappears (length
depends on severity of infection and sick person’s state of health).

Down
 4. This is the interval from the onset of non-specific signs and symptoms to
the appearance of more specific symptoms. This is the time when
microorganisms grow and multiply and the sick person may be more
capable of spreading diseases to others.

Check your score

1. If you got 4 correct answers, then you understood the intervals of

infections.

2. If you got 2 correct answers, then you need to reflect on your answers in
order to understand the intervals of infections.

Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of your answer in every item. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.
1. Which of the following statements about the period of convalescence is
FALSE?
A. Some people die before reaching the period of convalescence.
B. The diseases can often still be transmitted to others during the
convalescence stage.
C. During the convalescence stage, people return to their pre-illness
stage.
D. During the period convalescence, microbial replication slowly
continues to occur.

2. An invading pathogen multiplies within your body prior to causing any signs or
symptoms of disease. Which stage of disease developmental is this?
A. Period of incubation
B. Period of illness
C. Period of convalescence
D. Period of decline

3. It begins more when more specific signs and symptoms appear.

A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

4. This is the last stage of infection and recovery may take several days to
months.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

5.This stage occurs after the incubation period.

A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

6. During this stage, the patient generally returns to normal functions, although
some diseases may inflict permanent damage that the body cannot fully
repair.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

7. This period can vary from a day or two in acute disease to months or years in
chronic disease, depending upon the pathogen.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
 C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

8.This period is diverse, and can include strength of the pathogen, strength of the
host immune defenses, site of infection, type of infection, and the size
infectious dose received.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

9.Patients become susceptible to developing secondary infections because their

immune systems have been weakened by the primary infection.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

10.Example of common cold is characterized by sore throat, sinus congestion,

and rhinitis, mumps manifested by earache, high fever, and salivary
gland swelling.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

11.With many viral diseases associated with rashes

(e.g., chickenpox, measles, rubella, roseola), patients are contagious
during the incubation period up to a week before the rash develops.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage

12. The transmission can still occur during the periods of decline, convalescence,
and even long after signs and symptoms of the disease disappear.
A. Convalescence stage
B. Illness stage
C. Incubation stage
D. Prodromal stage
 Answer Key

Pre-test

1. A
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. B
11. A
12. A

What’s New
 Answers may vary

What’s More

Answers may vary

What I can Do

1. Incubation Period
2. Illness Period
3. Convalescence Period
4. Prodromal Period

Assessment

1. A
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. B
11. A
12. A
References
Benavinte, Renato P. et.al.Physical Education and Health.2013

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%2Fsourcesofinsight.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads
%2F2020%2F05%2Fimage-100.png&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F
%2Fsourcesofinsight.com%2Fhow-to-change-a-habit-and-make-it-stick
%2F&tbnid=3omiaVAE6LPFVM&vet=12ahUKEwian6XJ4qfuAhUaI6YKH
QlcDgIQMygBegUIARCWAQ..i&docid=s7CfEX4rus7pRM&w=1020&h=6
88&q=habit%20changes
%20image&ved=2ahUKEwian6XJ4qfuAhUaI6YKHQlcDgIQMygBegUIA
RCWAQ

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/microbiology/chapter/characteristics-
of-infectious-disease/#:~:text=Periods%20of%20Disease,into%20the
%20host%20(patient).