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LESSON 1-2: NARRATIVE & DESCRIPTIVE 11 ABM - JOBS

SECOND SEMESTER | SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 | BY: IMMARIE CARUNUNGAN

NARRATIVE PARAGRAPH DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH

DOMINANT IMPRESSION
● The feature that stands out about the topic.
● This becomes the topic sentence of the paragraph.

SUPPORTING DETAILS

OBJECTIVE DETAILS SUBJECTIVE DETAILS

Your factual observation on
the subject is based on its
physical attribute
(What you see, hear, or
touch)
Your feelings or opinions
about what you are
observing or seeing.

SPIDER WEB

READING & WRITING LESSON 1-2 1

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LESSON 3-4: CAUSE AND EFFECT & CLASSIFICATION AND DIVISION 11 ABM - JOBS

SECOND SEMESTER | SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 | BY: IMMARIE CARUNUNGAN

CAUSE AND EFFECT CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPH

- A Cause and Effect pattern organizes details based
on the cause, the reason, and the results or
consequences of a certain phenomenon.
FISHBONE DIAGRAM
● Groups classified items into parts, types, kinds, or
categories.
● A type of expository writing that begins with a topic
sentence that introduces a category.
● Other sentences in the paragraph clarify similarities
and differences of items in that category.
● Can be used to define a variety of categories and is
pertinent to use in science as well as humanities.
● The superordinate (name of the large group) ideas,
the subordinate (subcategories of a larger group)
ideas, and for relationship between are the most
important parts of this pattern.

NETWORK TREE

OTHER ALTERNATIVES

SINGLE CAUSE - DOMINO

SINGLE EFFECT EFFECT

SINGLE CAUSE - SINGLE EFFECT -

MULTIPLE EFFECT MULTIPLE CAUSE

READING & WRITING LESSON 3-4 2

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LESSON 5-6: COMPARE AND CONTRAST & PERSUASIVE 11 ABM - JOBS

SECOND SEMESTER | SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 | BY: IMMARIE CARUNUNGAN

COMPARE AND CONTRAST PERSUASIVE

- In Compare and Contrast, it is to process similarities
and differences between a topic.
- A compare paragraph gives similarities and answers
the question, “What do they have in common?” A
contrast paragraph gives differences and answers
the question, “How do they differ?”
HOW TO WRITE
- Choose a topic you want to focus on
- Pre-write sub-categories to help categorize your
purpose
- With your purpose, you are now ready to write your
topic sentence.
1. literary technique that writers use to present their
ideas through reason and logic, to influence the
audience.
2. May use an argument to persuade the readers, or
may persuade readers to perform a certain action.
3. An art of effective speaking and writing in which
writers make their opinions believable to the
audience through logic, by involving emotions, and
by prosing their credibility.
HAMBURGER GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

TOPIC SENTENCE
1. A short easy-to-read sentence that states your
intentions for comparing and contrasting items and
how they should be looked at.
2. The rest of the paragraph will support this sentence.

THE AUDIENCE IN YOUR ESSAY

● Think what, who will benefit from reading your
essay. PERSUASION MAP
● You don’t have to say who.
● Keep them in mind as you write.

ARRANGEMENTS
● BLOCK PARAGRAPH
- Discusses one topic and then finishes the paragraph
with the other subject that is to be compared and
contrasted with the first.

● POINT-BY-POINT PARAGRAPH
- Talks about topic A, the talks about topic B; then
right back to topic A, and so on.

VENN DIAGRAM

READING & WRITING LESSON 5-6 3

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LESSON 7-8: DEFINITION & PROBLEM-SOLUTION 11 ABM - JOBS

SECOND SEMESTER | SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 | BY: IMMARIE CARUNUNGAN

DEFINITION PROBLEM-SOLUTION
- It Answers the question, "What does it mean?
giving meaning. PREWRITE STEPS
1. BRAINSTORM problems that you have discussed
PURPOSE with your friends lately
- to explain a word or a concept that may be familiar 2. THINK ABOUT problems in our school, community,
or unknown to the reader. and world.
3. CRAFT possible solutions and the steps to resolve
the problem.
REASON TO WRITE
4. CHOOSE the best solution. Does one stand out
● A writer uses a term that the reader may not know. among the others?
such as a term from a different language.
● The term has a subjective meaning (people can have
DRAFT
different meanings for the term.
● You have a different definition than experts or the 1. Identify the problem and explain why it is important.
dictionary. 2. Explain and support solutions and the steps
3. Conclude by describing how to achieve the
solutions.
COMMON WAYS TO WRITE

DENOTATION CONNOTATION GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

a dictionary definition make
cure t write your source and
put quotation marks.
write your own definition
that includes the CATEGORY
the word belongs to and the
IDENTIFIER that makes the
word unique in that specific
category.

STRUCTURE
● Topic sentence
● Supporting sentence
● Detail
● Supporting sentence
PROBLEM-SOLUTION
● Detail
● Concluding sentence

WAYS TO DEFINE
● Identify the things that make the term easy to
recognize
● Compare it to similar ideas
● Show a Negation Explanation of what the idea is not.
● Give a specific explanation/ examples
● This where you "paint the picture" in words
● Identify the things that make the term easy to
recognize.
● This reminds the reader of the topic sentence and
keeps them thinking about your paragraph.

READING & WRITING LESSON 7-8 4

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LESSON 9-10: EXEMPLIFICATION & PROCESS ANALYSIS 11 ABM - JOBS

SECOND SEMESTER | SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 | BY: IMMARIE CARUNUNGAN

EXEMPLIFICATION PROCESS ANALYSIS

- A pattern used to provide an example of something - is a discussion of the steps one must take to achieve
structure a particular end.
- some are intended for an audience that needs to
learn how to perform a process themselves
STRUCTURE
- Is a kind of paragraph used to teach someone how
1. Topic Sentence - state your main point to do something.
2. Specific and Concrete Example - Expound the main - the steps in processing happen in a sequence and
idea by giving examples thus are presented in CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
3. Concluding statement - Restate your idea - Some Process Analyses are informative gather
institutional. Some process analyses work on both
TYPES levels
1. Examples that Illustrate - Use concrete examples to
illustrate an idea. INFORMATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL
2. Examples that Explain - Give an explanation to You can’t do something. Just You can do something.
illustrate a concept. inform
3. Examples that tell a story - Use a short story to
illustrate a point.
PREPARATORY PHRASE
4. Examples that Describe - Use examples to help the
reader visualize a scene or a thing. 1. Select an activity or a recipe that you know very
well.
2. Understand MI the details of "how to"
MAP
3. Decide the order you will use to explain how this
activity/recipe is done.

PREPARATORY PHRASE
1. Tell your reader why the topic is important
2. The main idea may be a summary of the process
3. Tell them what they need to have or to picture
(Ingredients equipment)
4. Give the details on the exact order your reader will
need to follow
5. End your paragraph by going back point and
restarting
6. Decide for a very catchy title

READING & WRITING LESSON 9-10 5