Well Clean-Up & Well Test Procedure

Well Testing Procedure

Client Name: xxx

Well Name: xxx
Field Name: xxx
Rig Name: Rigless
Date: xx-xxx-2022

APPROVALS AND REVISION HISTORY

Action Position Name Date

Prepared by

Reviewed by

Approved by

Revision Prepared Reviewed Approved Date

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Well Clean-Up & Well Test Procedure

Client CONTACTS

Name Position Office Telephone Mobile Telephone Email address

Contractor CONTACTS

Name Position Mobile Telephone Email address

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Well Clean-Up & Well Test Procedure

Table of Contents
1.0 General HSE Recommendations............................................................................................................................4
2.0 Surface Well Testing Equipment...........................................................................................................................4
3.0 Onsite Analysis.........................................................................................................................................................5
4.0 Well Site Preparation..............................................................................................................................................7
5.0 Sequence of Operation............................................................................................................................................8
6.0 Contingencies.........................................................................................................................................................11
7.0 Attachments...........................................................................................................................................................14
8.0 Appendix A – Flow Rate and Schedule...............................................................................................................15
9.0 Appendix B – Data Acquisition............................................................................................................................16
10.0 Appendix C – Sampling Details (TBC)................................................................................................................16

1.0 General HSE Recommendations

a. Client DSV to lead PJSM before any operation. Document all PJSM.

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b. All jobs and/or tasks must have an approved procedure where risks associated, and
mitigation actions are identified. New tasks without approved procedures must have a JSA
prior to start task. All personnel involved in the task must participate in the JSA. JSAs must
be reviewed and approved by Client DSV when required.
c. All gas sensors (H2S, LEL) will always be maintained and in working conditions.
d. Verify conditions of windsocks and wind direction. Windsocks must always be installed.
e. All personnel must use PPE according to the task. Minimum requirements are safety boots,
hard hat, safety glasses, overall and gloves. Ear protection is mandatory in areas with high
noise levels such as rig floor, mud pumps, and engines.
f. All regular safety inspections are performed and documented.
g. Perform and document all safety drills required: well control, fire, H2S, man down, rig
evacuation. Report drills in daily report.
h. PTW system must be used for all jobs at well site.
i. Make sure that all well control procedures while operating are applied.
j. All well control related equipment must be tested before the operation start. The time for
next test start from the end of previous test. Ensure well control equipment can have a
positive seal on all completion equipment.

2.0 Surface Well Testing Equipment

The surface well testing equipment would consist of the following:

a. 1 Set of Surface Safety Valve (SSV) complete with hydraulic hoses and necessary
accessories.
b. 1 Set of ESD Panel with Alla accessories.
c. 1 set of Choke Manifold complete with data header for real-time data gathering.
d. 2 Set of chemical injection pump with accessories.
e. 1 set of Surface Testing 1440 Psi Separator equipped with by-pass manifold and data header
for real-time data gatherings.
f. Mobile lab unit / cabin for data gathering and to carry out well test related services complete
with computerized Production Data Monitoring / Gathering System.
g. Oil and Gas Diverter/Manifolds.
h. Set of high-pressure flowlines, complete with required accessories.
i. 4 sets of 500 bbl. of storage tank, complete with transfer pump.
j. 1 Set of Surge Tanks.
k. Refer to the surface well test layout in attachment 1.0, attachmed#1.
Note: In the event of an uncontrolled escape of hydrocarbons at surface, the well and the surface well
testing facilities will be protected by an integrated fail-safe system as follows.

a. SSV equipped with actuator to open/close the flow wing valve FWV remotely connected with
ESD system, in case of emergency, any ESD station can be used to shut in the well.
b. Surface Safety Valve (SSV) complete with Hi-Lo pilots system – in case leak downstream of
choke manifold.

Note:
- SSV will be manually operated via Emergency Shut-Down (ESD) buttons located at strategic and
safe locations (i.e. close to well testing spread, muster point and in safe locations away from the
operation area).

3.0 Onsite Analysis

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Sufficient information on Non-Hydrocarbon components allow quality control of the oil, gas and water
measurements made during the operation. Onsite Non-Hydrocarbon analysis would be as follows;
Component Method
H2S Gas Detector Tubes (i.e. Draeger or Gastec Tube)
CO2 Gas Detector Tubes (i.e. Draeger or Gastec Tube)

Note:
- Those carrying out the sampling should be aware of the required precautions and associated hazards.
- Appropriate PPE must be worn while carrying out the sampling.

3.1 Data Acquisition

3.1.1 General
Computerized Data Monitoring / Gathering System will be used to allow continuous monitoring of all
pertinent parameters throughout the operation. The raw data shall be recorded and reported by Contractor
in the units of measurement specified as below;

Parameters Unit
Pressure pounds per square inch (psi)
Temperature degrees Fahrenheit (°F)
Gas Rate (Qg) million standard cubic feet per day (MMscf/d)
Water Rate (Qw) barrels per day (bbl./d)
Oil Rate (Qo) barrels per day (bbl./d)

Note:
- All data acquired shall be recorded with reference to the date and time.
- Watches to be synchronized with the surface data acquisition system.
- Standard conditions for measurement are to be 14.73 psia at 60 °F.
- Density reference of water = 1.0 and air = 1.0.

3.1.2 The Wellhead measurement

a. Pressure and temperature, upstream and downstream of Choke Manifold.

b. Choke size (64th) and type (fixed or adjustable).
c. BS&W (%).
d. H2S (ppm) and CO2 (%) content.
e. Water Salinity (ppm), Chloride content (ppm) and pH.
f. Annulus pressure, to ensure the correct operation of annulus pressure

3.1.3 1440 psi Separator Measurement

The measurement that would be carried out and reported by CONTRACTOR from the Separator
specified as below;

a. Separator Parameter
i. Pressure (psi).
ii. Temperature (°F).
iii. Pressure differences for the gas flow rate

b. Oil

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i. Liquid meter factor.

ii. Physical properties (API).
iii. Oil and water flow rate
c. Gas
i. Physical properties (gas SG).
ii. H2S (ppm) and CO2 (%) content.

3.1.4 Volume and Flowrate Calculations

Raw data of volume calculations, flowrate and cumulative production of oil, gas and water are to be
recorded and reported for each flow period (i.e. defined by a continuous choke setting) as follows;

a. Rate at standard conditions shall be calculated by adjusting the raw / line condition flowmeters
data.
b. All correction factors (MF and/or CMF) are to be clearly reported on volume calculation sheets.

3.2 Reporting Frequency

The following are guidelines only, data acquisition reporting frequency will be dependent on well
performance, behavior and respond;

3.2.1 Wellhead
Data Type Reporting Frequency
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 5 minutes for 2 hour and 15
Pressure and temperature
minutes stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 30 minutes for first 2 hour.
BS&W
and 1 hour stabilized.
Water Salinity, Chloride After choke changes or initiating flow, every 30 minutes for first 2 hour.
content and 1 hour stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 30 minutes for first 2 hour.
H2S and CO2 content
and 1 hour stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 30 minutes for BS&W 90%-
pH
100% and every 1 hour when BS&W from 90% to less than 5%.

3.2.2 Separator Flow Meters

Data Type Reporting Frequency
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 5 minutes for 2 hour and 15
Pressure and temperature
minutes stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 5 minutes for 2 hour and 15
Flowrate
minutes stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 5 minutes for 2 hour and 15
Physical properties
minutes stabilized.
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 30 minutes for 2 hours.
H2S and CO2 content
and 1 hour stabilized.

Note:
- CONTRACTOR Data Acquisition Operator to monitor closely all the above data and inform Client
DSV immediately if anomalous data and / or trend observed.

4.0 Well Site Preparation

Upon arrival onsite, senior representative from each service company must check that all equipment has arrived and is
in good working order. Any deficiencies must be acted upon and highlighted immediately to the Client Engineer.

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4.1 General
a. All gas detectors system to be tested prior to the acid stimulation and well clean-up
operation.
b. Pressure testing shall be conducted using the Permit to Work (PTW) system and Job
Hazard Analysis (JHA) shall be reviewed prior to commencing any pressure testing. All
surface lines and surface test equipment to be pressure tested with drill or wellsite water.
c. The lines shall be filled slowly, and all air bled from the system where possible. Rate of
pressure increase shall be slow to ensure the correct volume is being pumped. All volumes
pumped shall be monitored and recorded.
d. Barricade areas to be pressure tested and non-essential personnel shall vacate areas
exposed to high pressure during pressure testing. An announcement over the PA system
shall be made that pressure testing is about to commence and that non-essential personnel
shall be kept clear of the hazardous areas. On completion of the test, pressure shall be bled
off at the Pumping Unit and announce that pressure testing is completed.
e. All pressure testing shall be carried out in accordance with guidelines in the Contractor
Standard Operating Procedures / Manual.

4.2 Surface Well Testing Equipment

a. Install the surface well testing equipment as per attached schematic layout
(Attachment#1).
b. Ensure all equipment is grounded and flowlines secured.
c. Flush water, oil and gas lines with drill or wellsite water.
d. Ensure that all downstream valves being tested are open. Pressure test surface well testing
equipment with as follows;
i. Surface Safety Valve and Choke Manifold valves to 500/5,000 psi for 10/15 min.
ii. Choke manifold to Indirect Heater to 500/2500 psi for 10/15 min.
iii. Downstream of Separator to to 500/1,200 psi for 10/15 min.
iv. Downstream manifold to flare line up to 200/400 psi for 10/15 min.

e. Check condition of each measuring instrument to be used.

f. Obtain a list of all fixed choke sizes and check condition of each.
g. Function test Air compressor.
h. Any temporary lighting installed to illuminate the wellsite area should be approved for the
zone or area of operations. In addition, the installation of lighting or any other electrical
equipment must be carried out with the assistance of the Khor-Mor electrician.
i. Place ESD control panel and buttons at strategic and safe locations (i.e. close to well
testing spread, muster point and in safe locations away from the operation area).
j. Check all pilot and pressure relief valves. Relief lines from the separator and the Surge
Tank shall be directed appropriately and secured (if applicable).

5.0 Sequence of Operation

Safety meeting should be carried out to each critical phase of the operation. These meeting are required to inform all
relevant personnel of the work being carried out, specific hazards and hazardous areas. It is also to ensure that all
personnel are aware of their individual responsibilities.

5.1 : Well Stimulation operation

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a. Once confirmed stim fluid mixing finished and SLK is ready to RIH, make sure
choke manifold is closed.
b. Open the well to RIH SLK for shifting the SSD to open position once confirmed
by Client DSV.
c. Monitor well head pressure and temperature all the time at choke manifold.
d. Follow the well stimulation program and instructions from Client DSV during
SLK and stimulation operations.
e. Once stimulation operation is finished and SLK reached surrface after shifting
SSD to close position of Najmah, Close the well and keep choke manifold close
and wait for further instrcutions form Client DSV.

5.2 : Well Clean-Up

a. Once the SLK is ready to RIH for shifting SSD to onpen Butmah Make sure Flow wing
and kill wing valve on wellhead is closed, Flow wing valve is open and choke manifold is
closed. Ignite the propane line at burner and start the burner compressors and keep runing.
b. Once SLK shift the SSD to open Butmah observe the wellhead pressure at choke manifold
and keep monitoring while SLK is POOH.Record SIWHP pressure.
c. Once SLK reached the surface close the swab valve on wellhead.
d. Wait fot the confirmation form Client DSV to open the well from choke manifold for
clean up.
e. Line up the well test set up to 1st surge tank to measure the offloaded volumes recovered.
f. On confirmation from Client DSV open the well on 16/64” adjustable choke.
g. Every 5 minutes measure the PH of returns from the well. And start to pump neutralising
chemical in case PH in less than 5.
h. Keep monitoring 1st surge tank once it is full divert the flow to 2nd surge tank and start to
dump the first to the Pit.Closely monitor surge tank pressure and adjust the rates to prevent
overpressuring.
i. Increase adjustable choke gradually as per Client Testing Engineer’s instructions and
monitor downstream not to exceed 50 PSI.
j. Keep monitoring wellhead data and Ph value of the returns.
k. Once Gas reaches at surface with increase in pressure at choke manifold and PH value
becomes 5-7 divert the flow to Separator to separate the liquid and Gas.
l. Line up gas line to the Gas Flare Pit and liquid to the surge tank to keep measuring the
liquid return volume.
m. Collect Spent Acid samples asper workover plan (Attention: Sampling point for these
samples should be upstream of Data Header/NaOH injection point.)
n. During clean-up, in 1-liter glass bottles, collect up to five Spent Acid surface samples from
sampling point upstream of the NaOH injection point.
o. Take sample #1 after the first tubing volume, then take a sample after every 100 bbl. if
possible, until a total of five samples are taken.

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p. Do not treat these five samples with any stabilizer before sending them to the laboratory.
Prepare the five sample bottles for shipment to the Service Company laboratory for further
analysis
q. Drilling Fluid Supervisor will analyse and record key data: Date, time, total volume
recovered, Cl- concentration, pH, etc.

Note: After the job, these five, 1-liter, spent acid sample bottles will be sent to laboratory for further analysis.

Note: Commence acid neutralization as soon as water is recognized in the return flow stream. Adjust NaOH
injection rate based upon water flow rate and measured PH Value. Inject NaOH via the data header. The
required amount of NaOH will be determined by chemical injection/treatment specialist of service company
handling the surface facility.

Note: Gradually increase the choke to a safely achievable maximum critical rate. The increase in the choke size
shall be done in step of 4/64”. Until obtaining a stable production rate, BS&W (Flow duration will be agreed in
conjunction with Client DSV).

Parameter First 1 hour Thereafter

WHP, WHT, DCWHP and DCWHT Every 1 minute Every 1 minutes
Annulus Pressure and Temperature Every 1 minute Every 1 minutes
H2S and CO2 Every 15 minutes Every 2 hour
BS&W, Water Salinity, Chloride content Every 15 minutes Every 1 hour
pH Every 15 minutes Every 1 hour

r. Once the well is clean and flow rate and WHP is stable (Confirmed by Client DSV) shut
the well for initial build-up.

s. Stable Clean-up conditions:

 Flowing wellhead pressure is steady within 50 psi.

 BS&W is below 2% and constant for at least two readings

separated 60 minutes.

 GOR remains approximately constant for at least one hour.

5.3 : Build Up

a. After Shut in the well continue to record WH and BH Data.

b. Continue to Record data until WH and BH parameters stabilization (Confirmed by Client
DSV)
c. Once stabilisation of parameters achieved and confirmed by Client DSV prepare to open
the well for Different flow periods.

5.4 Multiple Flow Periods

a. Start Multiple flow periods as per Summary Table of Rates in Appendix A or as directed
by the Client DSV

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b. Get the confirmation about different choke size to be used.

c. Open the Well on 16/64” adjustable choke line up to the burner. Closely monitor the
Upstream and downstream pressure.
d. Once observed the stabilisation of pressure gradually increase the choke to desire (get
confirmation of choke size from Client DSV)
e. Once reached the desire choke size wait for the upstream data stabilisation.
f. Once upstream data is stable pass the flow through separator and wait for stabilization of
separator.
g. After separator stabilization pass through meters and start to record flowrates.

h. Client DSV to witness all meter factor calculations and any orifice plate size changes.
i. Continuously monitor well performance parameters as per Table A in Appendix B.
j. Record key data, using rates (stb/d) and upstream choke pressure compare to PI matrix
and record zone PI.
k. After all fluid samples have been taken as per appendix C, continue stepping up the
flowrate as specified in the Summary Table of Rates Appendix A

5.5 Maximum Flow Rate Test

a. Prior to this test, the Client Subsurface will estimate the maximum flow
rate based on zone PI performance during the clean-up period and choke
size.
b. During the test, adjust the choke for the maximum flow rate or as directed
by Client DSV.
c. Adjust the choke for the maximum flow rate as directed by the Client
Subsurface and sustain flow for 1 hour. If there are any safety concerns
regarding the equipment or personnel to handle higher flowrate, then
proceed to shut-in the well. This will end the test for the zone.
Note: The maximum surface test equipment flow capacity is 10,000 bopd. Limit maximum flow rates to what
can be conducted safely considering the equipment, personnel and environment.

6.0 Contingencies

6.1 Flow into the nighttime hours

a. Plan for nighttime flow periods if safe to do so (considering H2S/SO2 concentration,

wind direction and speed, equipment performance, etc.)
b. To ensure safe and incident-free operations, the decision to continue to produce during
nighttime will be ongoing and revisited by Client Drilling Manager and DSV
c. Store produced fluids in tanks during daylight hours

6.2 Weather Contingency

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Recommended wind speed limits for acid stimulation and well clean-up operation would
be as follows;

Action Wind Speed

Operation suspended 20 knots / 37.2kmph

Note: Hold contingency weather meeting prior to acid stimulation and well clean-up operation.
Note: Weather forecasts to be considered before operations start and consult forecasts if weather is increasing
or decreasing.

6.3 Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)

Prior to the operation when H2S concentration is not known, priority will be given to H 2S contingencies. Once
hydrocarbons are at surface and the concentration known, the situation can be reviewed.

d. An H2S drill, plus a check on the H2S systems must be performed prior to opening the
well.
e. Unless anticipated and prepared for, if H2S levels are over 10 ppm in the gas stream, the
well should be shut-in and proper safety equipment should be sent onsite before
continuation with the operation.
f. Breathing apparatus must always be available onsite and in the operation area. Essential
personnel are required to be trained in the use of the equipment prior to the start of acid
stimulation and well clean-up operation.
g. Extra equipment such as a cascade system will be required when operating in known H2S
regions. All personnel onsite must be trained in the use of the cascade system and in the
use of conventional breathing apparatus sets under these circumstances.
h. Wind direction;
i. Towards safe area – maximum wind speed 5 knots and review of the situation onsite.
j. Away from safe area – no restriction.
k. Follow Client H2s procedure at the wellsite.

6.4 Leaks
a. All assigned personnel should continuously monitor their equipment and the respective
well area. Any leaks or potentially hazardous situations should be reported immediately to
Client representative and CONTRACTOR office. Well should be shut-in at the SSV,
Choke Manifold, Master Valves and EZ Valve depending on the location of the failure.
b. While it is most likely that the aforesaid personnel would first discover a leak the ESD
system has been designed so that anyone can safely shut the well should they become
aware of a leak.
c. Shutting in of the well during a flow period should a leak be apparent is everyone’s
responsibility. If the leak is major;
i. Shut-in the well by operating the ESD button at the
nearest station.
ii. Inform Client representative and CONTRACTOR office
immediately.
d. If time permits the below procedures will be adopted;
ii. Shut-in at the Choke Manifold.
iii. Inform the Khor-Mor Client representative and
CONTRACTOR office immediately.
e. Isolate the leak and bleed-off any pressure in the system.
f. For a major leak with annulus pressure increasing, hydrocarbons must be entering the
annulus. Slowly shut-in the well at the Choke Manifold to prevent shock loading the
casing.
.

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6.5 Hydrates
a. The operation has been designed to reduce the likelihood of hydrate formation. Should
any hydrates form it is likely that the drop on Wellhead pressure will be noticed early and
action taken quickly to prevent a major hydrate plug developing.
b. A gauge is placed on the Wellhead to help identify the location of a potential plug.
c. Early indication of hydrate formation will be given by changes of pressure and
temperature at the Wellhead and downstream of the Choke Manifold.
d. The predicted changes are;
i. Rise in flowing Wellhead pressure.
Ii. Increase in flowing pressure downstream of Choke Manifold.
Iii. Low Wellhead flowing temperature (within the hydrate envelope).
e. Should hydrates form, the following first steps shall be taken;
i. Inform CLIENT Engineer.
Ii. Increase choke setting to reduce pressure drop and heat up flow.
Iii. Shut-in well at Choke Manifold.
Iv. Observe wellhead pressure and temperature.

f. Hold a meeting, the following shall be present;

i. Client representative.
ii. Contractor Well Test Supervisor.
iii. Contractor Stimulation Supervisor.
g. Suggested immediate action to be taken;
i. Reduce the wellhead pressure by 200 psi and shut-in at Choke
Manifold.
ii. Observe pressure at surface to determine if the hydrate plug is
holding pressure from below.
h. Further options;
i. Reduce pressure in string to move outside the hydrate formation
envelope.
ii. Slick line run to determine location of hydrate plug.

6.6 Fire
a. Firefighting equipment should always be available onsite. Prior to commencing the
operation, this equipment should be thoroughly checked to ensure it is in good working
condition.
b. Fire extinguishers of appropriate type should be moved to within easy reach of the
operation area.
c. All testing personnel should be trained in the use of handheld fire extinguishers.
d. The firefighting crew should be briefed on the layout of the equipment and the location of
any portable firefighting equipment in the area.
e. If a fire is detected and depending on the severity of the situation;
i. Close the SSV and shut-in the well at Choke Manifold.
ii. Close the Master valves and EZ Valve.
iii. Pump water through surface well testing equipment and lines to
flush all hydrocarbons.
iv. Depending on severity, displace the tubing to kill weight fluid.
v. Secure the well.

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7.0 Attachments
Attachment #1: Well Test Surface Equipment Layout

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8.0 Appendix A – Flow Rate and Schedule (TBC)

Expected Expectd
GOR Duration
Test Oil Cumulative Gas Rate
Zone Flow Rate stb/d
Description Volume (stb)
(scf/bbl) (hrs) (mmscf/d)
(stb)
Clean-up 3 Variable
Build up 3
First Flow 3
Second
3
Zone 1 Flow
Third Flow 1
Fourth Flow 3
Build-up 12
Main Flow 24
Build-up 24
Clean-up 3 Variable
Build up 3
Zone 2 First Flow 3
Second
3
Flow
Clean-up 3 Variable
Build up 3
Zone 3 First Flow 3
Second
3
Flow
Clean-up 3 Variable
Zone 4 Build up 3

First Flow 3

Second
3
Zone 5 Flow
Third Flow 1
Fourth Flow 3
Build up 12

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Main Flow 24
Build up 24

9.0 Appendix B – Data Acquisition

Data Type Data Acquisition frequency

Wellhead/Casing
After choke changes or initiating flow, every 5 mins for 30 mins
Pressure and Temp
Every 15 mins throughout the test
BS&W, Density,
Ca,Cl 15 mins initially, 30 minutes stabilised
H2S/C02Contenct 15 mins initially, 30 minutes stabilised
Separator
Pressure and Temp 15 mins throughout the test
Oil/Gas flow rate 15 mins throughout the test
Gas Samples 2 x per test
60 minutes or a minimum of one reading during the flow period (shrinkage tester & guage
Shrinkage tank)
Stock Tanks
Dead Oil Sample 2 x per test

10.0 Appendix C – Sampling Details (TBC)

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