CIVIL ENGINEERING

DRAWINGS
e-BOOK
Before we start any construction
Please took info following in the drawings with you.

Type of Drawings
❑ Permission/Submission Drawing.
❑ Layout Drawings (project).
❑ Working Drawings.
❑ Structure (R.C.C.) Drawings.
❑ Plumbing Drawings.
❑ Electrical Drawings.
❑ Landscape Drawings.
❑ Permission/Submission Drawing
A Permission / submission drawing is a technical drawing of abuilding which is
generally used to take building construction permission from local municipal body.
This Drawing contains plan, section, elevation, key-plan, rainwater-harvesting
details etc.
This Drawing can be drawn by an architect or a civil engineer as per their eligibility
and submitted in municipal corporation, so that local authority given the building
construction permission.
Points are considered When Draw a Permission Drawing:-
1. Area of plot.
2. Available F.S.I. ( Floor Space Index)
3. Consumed F.S.I.
4. Number of Buildings
5. Number of stories of each building.
6. Set-Back / side margins shown.
Fig.1 Permission / Submission Drawing
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES
THOSE ARE USED TO DRAW A
PERMISSION DRAWING
Important Terminologies :-
1. Carpet Area- Carpet area is an area which is enclosed within walls. In Other words,
Area excluding walls in the built-up area is called as carpet area. It is a working area of
a building.
Carpet Area = Built up Area – Area of Walls (Outer + Inner)

According to RERA (Real Estate RegulationAct)

Carpet Area = Built up Area – Area of OuterWalls

2. Built-up Area - The total building area in plot area is referred as Built-up area.
In Other words, Area excluding empty space around the building is called Built-up
area. It is also known as Plinth area.

Built up area = Carpet area + Thickness of all walls + Balcony

3. Super Built-up Area- It is the built-up area plus proportionate area of common areas
such as the Swimming pools, Staircase, Lobby, Lift, Open Verandahs etc. The term Super
built-up area is generally used in Real Estate (while buying property) builders may add
the total cost of apartment to the super built-up area.

Super Built-up Area = Built-up area+ Common Amenities

4. Setback area- The empty space around the building is called Setback area. The
setback area is decided by Municipal Authority. The reason behind leaving setback area
is to make ease for moving vehicles, ventilation and during emergency purposes.
However, Setback area increases for high rise building and may go up to several
meters.
Setback Area = Plot Area – Built up Area

5. Plot area- The area which is surrounded by a boundary line (fencing) is called as Plot
Area. In simple words, the total area which belongs to you in a city or town is termed as
a Plot area. The term Plot area is majorly used in gated communities, townships and
named as Plot Area 1, PA-2 etc. They are useful in identifying the plot of a particular
individual.
6. Floor Area Ratio- Floor area ratio (FAR) is the ratio of a building's total floor area
(gross floor area) to the size of the piece of land upon which it is built. It is often usedas
one of the regulations in city planning along with the building-to-land ratio. The terms
can also refer to limits imposed on such a ratio through zoning.

FAR = Gross floor area/ Area of the plot

Ground Coverage or % coverage = (Built-up area / Total plot) x 100

Floor Area ratio is sometimes called floor space ratio (FSR),

floor space index (FSI), site ratio or plot ratio. The difference between FAR and FSI is
that the first is a ratio, while the latter is an index. Index numbers are values expressed as
a percentage of a single base figure. Thus an FAR of 1.5 is transla
-ted as an FSI of 150%.
Fig. 2 Plot Area & Plot Size
Fig. 3 Built-up Area, Carpet Area & Super Built-upArea
Fig. 4 Floor Area Ratio (F.A.R.)
Fig. 5 Ground or Percentage Coverage
Layout Drawings
❑ Layout drawings (project) Fig. 6 Township Layout
There are 3-types of layout :-
a. Township layout
b. Centerline layout
c. Brickwork Layout

Points are considered :-

1. Name plate as per specified form.
2. Project name, Drawing Title, Sub-Title and
Scale.
3. North direction.
4. Boundaries as per site demarcation.
5. Existing Tree location, Well, Bore well, Electric Poles, Telephone Poles,
Overhead Lines, Both Lt. and H.T. and Hutments / Structures.
6. Location of Compound wall, Front Gates, and Types of Compound Wall.
Fig. 7 Centerline Layout Fig. 8 Brickwork Layout
Working Drawings
❑ Working Drawings
Working drawing is the type of drawing which contains all explaining data in the of
drawing which is needed at the site to execute the work.

Conventionally, working drawings consist of two-dimensional orthogonal projections of

the building including sections, plans, and elevations.
These are either drawn by hand or using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) software.

Now a Days building information Modeling (BIM) is used to make three-dimensional

representations of buildings and the parts for Construction, such as Revit Architecture
software.
Types of Working Drawing
These include the following:-
➢Architectural drawing.
➢Structural drawing; such
as :-
✓Centerline drawing.
✓Footing layout details.
✓Foundation Pit details.
✓Door & window fitting
details.
✓Staircase details.
Fig.9 Centerline Drawing Fig.10 Footing Layout Detail
Fig.11 Section & Elevation Fig. 12 Door & Window
Drawing Fitting Drawing
Fig.13 Foundation Pit Details Fig.14 Staircase Details
STRUCTURE (R.C.C)
Drawings
❑ Points to be Remember when check the
Structure design details
1. To be read as per working drawings.
2. Check the structure at contour level.
3. Sunk slabs W.C. toilet bath.
4. Head room at specific level (beam
depth & change in beam depth)
5. Dowel for adjacent structure.
6. Details of column below O.H.W.T.
7. Check Elevation features.
8. Inverted beams for W.C. bath etc.
9. Loft details to be taken along with
beam.
10. Reinforcement at critical points.
Fig.15 Column & Footing
Fig.16 Slab Reinforcement
Reinforcement
 Fig.17 Lintel Beam Fig.18 Plinth Beam
Reinforcement Detail Reinforcement Detail
Plumbing Drawings
❑ Plumbing Drawings
A plumbing drawing is a type of technical drawing that provides visual representation
and information relating to a plumbing system.
It is used to convey the engineering design to plumbers or other workers who will use
them to help install the plumbing system. A plumbing drawing is used to show clearly
the location of fixtures, sanitaryware pipework, valves and so on, and illustrates how
fresh water is to be supplied into a building and waste water removed.

Points to be considered :-
1. Location of UGWT / OHWT / Septic Tank / STP /WTP.
2. Drawings to support with size and design calculations for capacities of above.
3. Arrangements of Rain-Water Harvesting.
4. Slope / Flow of drainage to suit site terrain.
(UGWT- Underground Water Tank, OHWT- Overhead Water Tank, STP- Sewage Treat-
-ment Plant, WTP- Water Treatment Plant).
Fig.19 Plumbing Detail
Electrical Drawings
❑ Electrical Drawings :
An electrical drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows
information about power, lighting & communication for an
engineering and architectural project. This drawing contains:-
1. Location and size for transformer room, meter room
for Individual buildings and location of feeder pillars.

2. Route for electrical cabling to be done.

3. Location and size of electrical duct.

4. Load calculations for transformer.

5. Detailed electrical conduiting for each flat / building.

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Electrical W
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Landscape Drawings
❑Landscape Drawings
A civil drawing, or site drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information
about grading, landscaping, or other site details.
These drawings are intended to give a clear picture of all things in a construction site
to a Civil Engineer.

Points to be considered :-

1. Detailed layout of open space

area.
2.Check weather amenities
provided are as per broacher /
specifications.
3. Check for structural feasibility.
Fig. 20 Landscape Drawing
THANK YOU