In this stage, the focus is trust versus mistrust.

Infancy

A psychologist who in 1943 proposed his idea of the hierarchy of needs and how it affects who we are. Maslow

A stage of personality development that focuses on learning to control bowel movements and maintain bladder control.
Anal

This refers to the influences on your personality that you are born with. Heredity

Is a slip of the tongue that is motivated, and reveals come unconscious aspect of themind, according to the Merriam-
Webster dictionary. Freudian Slip

This was believed to be an important period in personality development, when children focus on relationships with their
peers, finding hobbies they enjoy and pursuing interests. Latency

The nurturing aspect of our lives where it is the type of environment in which we live and grow up. Environment

These are the most important needs that must be met. Physiological

These are the experiences that each individual person goes through. Situations

It represents the idea that people are self-aware. Self-actualization

These are those things that are necessities to someone. Needs

This most important thing follows when once your basic needs have been met. Safety.

Are those things that people can do without, but they just have a strong desire to have. Wants

His stages of development focused on trying to provide a theory on social development. Erik Erikson

This layer in the hierarchy is smaller but still important that includes the love and social relationships we have with
people, including friends, family, and lovers. Love and belonging

This is the layer of our needs that deals with your confidence. Esteem

This is the stage of personality development that begins at birth. Oral

It is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. ID

This development stage occurs during the "play age". Preschool

He published the results of an experiment on conditioning after originally studying digestion in dogs. Pavlov

He classified personality into three categories based on body types: endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. Aristotle

He proposed a three-part personality structure. Sigmund Freud

Stage of development that happens between about 18 months to two years and three to four years of age. Toddlerhood

Termed as the set of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral patterns learned from experience that determines how a
person thinks, feels, and behaves. Personality

According to him the socialization process of an individual consists of eight phases, each one accompanied by a
"psychosocial crisis" that must be solved if the person is to manage the next and subsequent phases satisfactorily.
Sigmund Freud

He proposed a theory of personality based on biological factors, arguing that individuals inherit a type of nervous system
that affects their ability to learn and adapt to the environment. Hans Eysenck's

CDI mean Child Development Institute

It develops in order to mediate between the unrealistic id and the external real world. Ego

He emphasized how childhood experiences affect personality development. Sigmund Freud

It is the development of the organized pattern of behaviors and attitudes that makes a person distinctive. Personality
Development

This approach assumes the behavior is determined by relatively stable traits which are the fundamental units of one's
personality. Trait Approach to Personality

Development stage where Learning Industry or Inferiority occurs. School Age

He claimed that personality could be described based on three fundamentals factors: psychotics, introversion-
extroversion, and emotionality-stability. Eysenck

It is the set of genetically determined traits that determine the child's approach to the world and how the child learns
about the world. Temperament

Parts of Personality Structure (3pts.) TYPE: ENUMERATION (Interchangeable)

He investigated the ways in which traits combine to form normal personalities. Gordon Allport

He characterized human behavior in terms of four temperaments. Hippocrates

Degree of Concentration and paying attention when the child is not particularly interested. Distractibility

Enumeration:
Sigmund Freud's Stages of Development Factors Affecting the Development of Personality under
Nature
 Oral
 Anal  Genetic
 Phallic  Non-Genetic
 Latency
 Genital Parts of Personality Structure

Main Influences on Personality Development o ID

o Ego
 Heredity o Superego
 Environment
 Situation Stages of Development.

Personality Views o Infancy

o Toddlerhood
 Idiographic
o Preschool
 Nomothetic
o School Age
Aristotle's Classification of Personality (3pts.) o Adolescence

 Endomorph Temperament Factors

 Ectomorph
o Nature
 Mesomorph
o Nuture
Components of Personality (3pts.)

 Emotional
 Cognitive
 Behavioral Patterns
Personality distinguishes individuals and defines their Personality Traits Locus to Control:
general nature. It's composed of psychological
 Locus of Control: Internal belief in controlling
characteristics or traits that influence personal
destiny versus external reliance on other
performance and behavior style.
factors.
Definitions of Personality:
Type A and Type B Personalities:
 Mathis and Jackson (2000): Personality is a
 Type A: Competitive under pressure
unique blend of individual characteristics
affecting interaction with the environment.  Type B: Calm without pressure.
 Parkinson (2002): Personality is the Self-Esteem:
characteristic way in which someone responds
to situations and behaves towards  Reflection of self-worth affecting behavior and
circumstances and people. attitude towards oneself.

Nature of Personality: Self-Efficacy:

 Cambridge International Dictionary: Personality  Belief in one's ability to perform tasks

is shown by thoughts, feelings, and actions. successfully.

 Longman Dictionary: Personality is the whole Self-Monitoring:

nature or characteristics of a person.
 Personality development involves
understanding the mind's nature and
functioning.
Environment and Personality:
 Environment influences personality
development; individuals can change despite
their upbringing.
Fourfold Functions of the Mind:
1. Memory (Chitta): Storehouse of past
experiences influencing character.
 Observation and adjustment of behavior to
meet situational demands.
Positive/Negative Affect:
 Positive: Emphasizing positive aspects,
optimistic; Negative: Pessimistic, focusing on
negatives.
Machiavellianism:
 Focus on obtaining and using power for
personal gain, often stemming from unhealthy
childhood environments.

2. Deliberation and Conceptualization (Manas):

Examination of options and formation of
concepts.

3. Determination and Decision-making (Buddhi):

Judgment of pros and cons, willpower,
discrimination.

4. Consciousness (Ahamkara): Self-identification

affecting reactions to life events.

Determinants of Personality:

 Heredity and environment significantly shape

personality.