CHAPTER 7 ( AIR)

1. Diagram below shows a few factories operated nearby a residential area. Most of the owners
of the factories get complaints from the residents due to emission of the pollutants that affect the
quality of air.

(a) As a solution they install higher chimneys. Justify your answer

The height of the chimney influences its ability to transfer harmful gases to the environment
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via stack effect. The dispersion of smoke and soot at higher altitudes can reduce their impact on
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the surroundings.
( 2M)

(b) If you are an environmental officer, suggest and explain a better way to overcome the
problems above.
I would impose these factories to install air filters and electrostatic precipitators in factory
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chimneys before smoke and soot are released from the factory chimneys into the surroundings.
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Besides that, i would also conduct periodic checks on these factories and take legal action against
factories which do not follow the environment quality act and laws. (2M)

2. The diagram below shows public transportation developed by the government in the city at
present.
Do you agree that the above public transport can help in preserving and conserving the
environment? Explain.
I agreed. Using public transport can reduce the total number of motor vehicles on
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the road and reduce air pollution (exhaust gases from vehicle) caused by motor vehicles.
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(2M)

3. How would you ensure that our natural resources are conserved?
I would plant many trees around my housing area to reduce the level of carbon dioxide
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and giving general awareness about air pollution to family and friends.
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(2M)

4.Diagram below shows the location of Encik Halim’s house

(a) Encik Halim found that his crops do not grow because of acidic soil. He wants to write a
letter to the nearby factory to filter the smoke released to the air. Justify his action.
The burning of fossil fuels in the factory has released a lot of air pollutants such as nitrogen
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dioxide and sulphur dioxide that causes formation of acid rain. Acid rain causes Encik Halim's land
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become acidic and less fertile. It also destroys the life of aquatic organisms in the lake. Air
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filter fitted in factory chimney will trap and remove the pollutants before its released
into the surroundings. (3 M)