Experiment No :09

Bias Stabilization of BJT amplifier circuits.

A BJT bias stabilization circuit is a type of biasing circuit that is used to maintain a
stable operating point for the transistor. It typically includes a resistor and a biasing
voltage source that are connected to the base of the transistor.

The resistor provides a fixed current to the base, while the biasing voltage source
provides a fixed voltage. Together, these elements ensure that the base-emitter
junction of the transistor is forward biased, and the collector-emitter junction is
reverse biased.

There are different types of BJT bias stabilization circuits, including fixed bias,
emitter bias, voltage divider bias, and collector feedback bias. Each type has its
advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of the biasing circuit depends on the
specific requirements of the application.

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a three-layer semiconductor device that can be

used as an amplifier, switch or oscillator. To ensure that the BJT operates within a
desired region of its characteristics, a biasing circuit is necessary to provide the
appropriate voltage and current levels to its base, collector and emitter regions.

Apparatus:
• Resistor 120k ohm
• 2.2k ohms, 220 ohms and 15k ohms.
• Resistor 3.3k ohms and 750k ohms.
• Regulated power supply
• 2N3904 BJT transistor
• 2N3055 BJT transistor

Procedure:
• Design the BJT amplifier circuit, including the bias stabilization circuit. Choose
the resistor values based on the desired operating point for the BJT and the
specific requirements of the application.

• Build the circuit on a breadboard or PCB, connecting the BJT, resistors, and
power supply as indicated in the design. Use appropriate connectors and
wires.

• Apply power to the circuit and measure the DC voltage and current at various
points in the circuit, using oscilloscope. Check that the biasing circuit is
providing the correct voltage and current levels to the BJT.
 • Apply an AC signal to the input of the amplifier, using a function generator.
Measure the output signal at the output of the amplifier, using an oscilloscope.

• Adjust the biasing circuit to change the operating point of the BJT, and
observe the effect on the output signal. Note any changes in the gain,
distortion, or other parameters of the amplifier circuit.

• Optionally, compare the performance of the BJT amplifier circuit with other
types of amplifiers or biasing circuits, and discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of each.

Circuit Diagram:

Voltage Feeback biased amplifier circuit

Circuit Diagram

Calculations:
Output Voltage: 5.2V
Output Voltage: 5.88V
Without heating output voltage: 8.78V
With Heating output voltage: 6.91V.

Working:
The working of a BJT amplifier circuit with bias stabilization involves the following
steps:
1. The biasing circuit provides a stable DC voltage and current to the base of the
BJT, which sets the operating point of the transistor. The biasing circuit is
designed to ensure that the BJT operates in the desired region of its
characteristics, such as the active region or saturation region.
2. An input signal is applied to the base of the BJT, which modulates the current
flowing through the transistor. The current in the collector-emitter circuit of the
BJT amplifies the input signal, resulting in an amplified output signal.
3. The output signal is coupled to a load, such as a speaker or another amplifier
stage, which uses the amplified signal for further processing or amplification.
Overall, the bias stabilization circuit helps to provide a stable and consistent
operating point for the BJT amplifier circuit, which improves the linearity, stability,
and performance of the circuit.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the BJT bias stabilization circuit is an important part of a BJT amplifier
circuit that ensures a stable operating point for the transistor.
During the experiment, we designed and built a BJT amplifier circuit with bias
stabilization using a 2N3904 transistor and several resistors.
We measured the DC voltage and current levels at various points in the circuit and
observed the effect of changing the biasing conditions on the output signal.