MODULE 15 : INVERSION

ĐẢO NGỮ

STT Các dạng đảo Công thức Ví dụ

ngữ

No/ Not + N + Trợ từ+ S+ Động từ Not a tear did she shed when the story
ended in a tragedy.

At no time = Never = Under/In no At no time did he suspect that his

circumstances (không bao giờ) girlfriend was an enemy spy-

By no means By no means is she poor. She only

(hoàn toàn không) pretends to be.

For no reason For no reason will we surrender.

Các cụm từ có (không vì lí do gì)
1
NO In no way In no way could I believe in a
(không sao có thể) ridiculous story.

On no condition = On no account + On no account should you be late for

Trợ từ+ S+ Động từ (dù bất cứ lí do gì the Exam.
cũng không)

No longer (không còn nữa) No longer does he make mistakes.

No where + Trợ từ+ S+ Động từ No where can the keys be found.

(không nơi nào, không ở đâu)

Đảo ngữ với các Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly , Little did he know the truth.
2 trạng từ phủ Scarcely, Barely,... Never in my life have I been in such
định an embarrassing situation.

3 Đảo ngữ với Only after + S + V + Trợ từ + S + V Only after I had left home did I realize
how important my family played a role
ONLY (chỉ sau khi)
in my life.

Only after + N + Trợ từ + S + V Only after his father’s retirement did

he take over the company.
(chỉ sau khi)

Only by + Ving + Trợ từ + S + V Only by studying hard can you pass

(chỉ bằng cách) the exam.

Only if + S + V + Trợ từ + S + V Only if you promise to keep secret will

(chỉ nếu) I tell you about it.

Only when + S + V + Trợ từ + S + V Only when you grow up can you

(chỉ khi) understand this matter.
 Only with + N + trợ từ + S + V (chỉ với) Only with your help can we manage.

Only once/ Only later/ Only in this Only once have I met her.
way/ Only then + Trợ từ + Chủ ngữ + Only later did I realize I was wrong.
Động từ

Hardly/barely/scarcely + had + S + Hardly had I gone to bed when the

Vp2+ when + S + V(quá khứ đơn) telephone rang.
Hardly
4 = No sooner + had + S + Vp2+ than + S = No sooner had I gone to bed than
No sooner + V(quá khứ đơn) the telephone rang.
(ngay khi/ vừa mới thì)

Not only + Trợ từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ Not only does she sing beautifully but
Not only ... but + but + Chủ ngữ + also + Động từ she also learns well.
5
also
(không những ....mà còn)

So + Tính từ + V + chủ ngữ + that +
clause
Such + be + N + that + clause/ N + be +
6 So/Such .... that
such + that + clause (quá... đến nỗi mà)
So beautiful is she that many boys run
after her.
Her anger was such that she broke the
vase.
= Such was her anger that she broke
the vase.

Not until/till + Time/Time clause + Trợ Not until/till midnight did he come
Not until/ từ+ Chủ ngữ + Động từ home.
7
Not till (mãi đến khi) Not until/tỉll I was 8 did I know how
to ride a bike.

Neither + Trợ từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ Neither is there excitement nor

8 Neither
entertainment in this small town.

Câu điều kiện loại 1: Should he come, please tell him to see
me.
Should + S + V, V + 0/S + will, can...+
V

Đảo ngữ với câu Câu điêu kiện loại 2: Were I you, I would apply for that job.
9 điều kiện
Were + S + (to V) + .., S + would/could Were I to have enough money, I
+V would buy that car.

Câu điêu kiện loại 3: Had the car in the front not stopped so
suddenly, the accidents wouldn’t have
Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could + have
happened.
+ Vp2

10 Although Although/even though/though + S + V, S Although the exercise is difficult, the

+V boys can solve it.
 = Much as + S + V, S + V = Much as the exercise is difficult, the
boys can solve it.
= No matter what + S + V, S + V
= No matter how difficult the exercise
hoặc No matter how + adj/adv + S + V,
is, the boys can solve it.
S+V
= However difficult the exercise is,
= However + adj/adv + S + V
the boys can solve it.
= Adj/adv + as/though + S + V, S + V
= Difficult as the exercise is, the boys
can solve it.

11 NOR Nor + Trợ từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ He doesn’t smoke, nor does he drink.

Đảo ngữ có So/ Neither + Trợ từ + Chủ ngữ I can’t sing well, neither can my sister.
12
SO/NEITHER He loves football, so do I.

Đảo ngữ với các Adv of place + V + S Near my house is a bus stop.
trạng từ chỉ
13
phương
hướng/nơi chốn

Cụm phân từ (Ving/Vp2) + V + ‘S Situated in the central mountains of

Đảo ngữ với cụm Alaska is a peak named Denali.
14
phân từ Coming in first in the race was my
sister.

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

1. Olga handed in her exam paper. She then realised that she had missed one question.
A. Having realised that she had missed one question, Olga handed in her exam paper.
B. Not until Olga had handed in her exam paper did she realise that she had missed one question.
C. Had Olga realised that she had missed one question, she wouldn’t hand in her exam paper.
D. Only after Olga realised that she had missed one question did she hand in her exam paper.
2. He badly suffered cyberbullying himself He realized the true dangers of social media only then.
A. Not until he had badly suffered cyberbullying himself did he realize the true dangers of social media
B. Such was his suffering of cyberbullying that he didn’t realize the true dangers of social media.
C. Only when he had realized the true dangers of social media did he badly suffer cyberbullying himself.
D. But for his terrible suffering of cyberbullying, he wouldn’t realize the true dangers of social media.
3. The coach changed his tactics in the second half. His football team won the match.
A. But for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, his football team could have won the match.
B. Not until his football team had won the match did the coach change his tactics in the second half.
 C. Only if the coach had changed the tactics in the second half could his football team have won the match.
D. Had it not been for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, the football team wouldn’t have won
the match.
4. The green campaign was strongly supported by the local people. The neighborhood looks fresh and clean now.
A. Had the local people not strongly supported the green campaign, the neighborhood wouldn’t look fresh and
clean now.
B. sacredly had the green campaign been strongly supported by the local people when the neighborhood
looked fresh and clean.
C. Only if the local people had strongly supported the green campaign would the neighborhood look fresh and
clean now.
D. But for the strong support of the local people for the green campaign, the neighborhood would look fresh
and clean now.
5. Smartphones are becoming reasonably priced. New applications make them more appealing.
A. Whatever new applications smartphones have, they are becoming more appealing with reasonable prices.
B. No matter how reasonable the prices OS smartphones are, they are not so appealing with new applications.
C. Appealing though smartphones are with new applications, they are becoming less affordably priced.
D. Not only are smartphones becoming more affordable but, with new applications, they are also more
appealing.
6. She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly pass it.
A. Although she didn’t try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it.
B. Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn’t pass it.
C. No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test.
D. She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily.
7. Mary left home to start an independent life. She realised how much her family meant to her.
A. Only when Mary realised how much her family meant to her did she leave home to start an independent
life.
B. To realise how much her family meant to her, Mary decided to leave home to start an independent life.
C. Not until Mary had left home to start an independent life did she realise how much her family meant to her.
D. Mary left home to start an independent life with a view to realising how much her family meant to her.
8. Laura practised playing the instrument a lot. She could hardly improve her performance.
A. Hardly had Laura practised playing the instrument a lot when she could improve her performance.
B. Had Laura practised playing the instrument a lot, she could have performed much better.
C. However much Laura practised playing die instrument, she could hardly perform any better.
D. As soon as Laura practised playing the instrument a lot, she could perform much better.
9. His friends supported and encouraged him. He did really well in the competition.
A. If his friends had given him support and encouragement, he could have done really well in the competition.
B. No matter how much his friends supported and encouraged him, he couldn’t do well in the competition.
C. Such were his friends’ support and encouragement that he couldn’t do really well in the competition.
D. Had it not been for his friends’ support and encouragement, he couldn’t have done so well in the
competition.
10. She gave a great performance at the festival. We now know she has artistic talent.
A. Amazing as her artistic talent is, we don’t know about her great performance at the festival.
B. Hardly had we known about her artistic talent when she gave a great performance at the festival.
C. Although she gave a great performance at the festival, now we still don’t know she has artistic talent.
D. But for her great performance at the festival, we wouldn’t know about her artistic talent now.
11. Peter told US about his leaving the school. He did it on his arrival at the meeting.
A. Only after his leaving the school did Peter inform US of his arrival at the meeting.
B. Not until Peter told US that he would leave the school did he arrive at the meeting.
C. Hardly had Peter informed US about his leaving the school when he arrived at the meeting.
D. No sooner had Peter arrived at the meeting than he told US about his leaving the school.
12. Mike became a father. He felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.
A. Were Mike to become a father himself, he would feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.
B. Only after Mike had become a father himself did he feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his
parents.
C. Had Mike become a father himself, he would have felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.
D. Not until he felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents did Mike become a father himself.
13. He had hardly left the office when the phone rang.
A. No sooner had he left the office than the phone rang.
B. No sooner he had left the office than the phone rang.
C. No sooner he had left the office when the phone rang.
D. No sooner he did left the office than the phone rang.
14. No matter how hard Fred tried to start the car, he didn’t succeed.
A. Fred tried very hard to start the car, and succeeded.
B. However hard Fred tried, he couldn’t start the car.
C. It’s hard for Fred to start the car because he never succeeded.
D. Fred tried hard to start the car, and with success
15. Although he was very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework.
 A. Despite of his tiredness, he was eager to help his child with his homework.
B. Tired as he was, he agreed to help his child with his homework.
C. Even if feeling very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework.
D. He would have helped his child with his homework if he hadn’t been tired.
16. The noise next door did not stop until after midnight.
A. It was not until after midnight that the noise next door stopped.
B. It was midnight that the noise next door stopped.
C. Not until after midnight did the noise next door stopped
D. The noise next door stopped at midnight.
17. Exhaustion prevented any of the runners from finishing the race.
A. The runners can’t finish the race as a result of their exhaustion.
B. The runners are so exhausted that they can’t finish the race,
C. The runners were not exhausted enough to finish the race.
D. So exhausted were the runners that none of them finished the race.
18. He started computer programming as soon as he left school.
A. No sooner had he started computer programming than he left school.
B. Hardly had he started computer programming when he left school.
C. No sooner had he left school than he started computer programming.
D. After he left school, he had started computer programming.
19. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.
A. Despite the hotel is noisy, we stayed here.
B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.
C. No matter how noisy the hotel was, we stayed there.
D. Because of the noise, we stayed in the hotel.
20. Friendly though he may seem, he’s not very trusted.
A. However he seems friendly, he’s not to be trusted.
B. However friendly he seems, he’s not to be trusted.
C. He may have friends, but he’s not to be trusted.
D. He’s too friendly to be trusted.
21. Despite his early retirement, he found no peace in life.
A. Although he retired early, but he found no peace in life.
B. His early retirement has brought him peace in life.
 C. He found no peace in life because he retired early.
D. Early as he retired, he found no peace in life.
22. It wasn’t clear to US at the time how serious the problem was.
A. We were not sure about how serious the problem was at the time.
B. That the problem was serious was not made clear to US.
C. Little did we know anything about the seriousness of the problem.
D. Little did we realise at the time how serious the problem was.
23. If you want to save your eyesight, you must operate immediately.
A. Unless you want to save your eyesight, you mustn’t operate immediately.
B. Only by operating immediately can you save your eyesight.
C. Provided that you must operate immediately, you can save your eyesight.
D. If you did operate immediately, you couldn’t save your eyesight.
24. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.
A. Only after I had realized what I had missed did they tell me about it later.
B. As soon as they told me about it I realized what I had missed.
C. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed.
D. They told me about it and I realized what I had missed.
25. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately.
A. So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.
B. So great the demand was that they had to reprint the book immediately.
A. Such great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.
C. Such was the demand great that they had to reprint the book immediately.
26. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
A. Mrs Jones is the most dedicated worker you won’t find anywhere.
B. Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
C. Nowhere will not you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
D. Mrs Jones can’t be found in nowhere.
27. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.
A. At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.
B. At no time the outcome of the election was in doubt.
C. Never in doubt was the outcome of the election.
D. By no means was the outcome of the election been suspected.
28. The only way to eliminate world terrorism is by united opposition.
A. Only with united opposition could we eliminate terrorism.
B. Only by united opposition can we eliminate terrorism.
C. Only in this way can world terrorism be eliminated.
D. Only then can we eliminate terrorism.
29. He forgot about the gun until he got home.
A. Not until he got home did he forget about the gun.
B. Not until he got home did he remember about the gun.
C. Not until he had got home did he remember about the gun.
D. Not until he had got home did he forget about the gun.
30. The truth only came out on the publication of the general’s personal diaries.
A. Only by publishing the general’s personal diaries, did the truth come out.
B. Not until the general’s personal diaries published did the truth come out.
C. Hardly were the general’s personal diaries published than the truth came out.
D. Only when the general’s personal diaries were published did the truth come out.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

1. Olga handed in her exam paper. She then realised that she had missed one question.

E. Having realised that she had missed one question, Olga handed in her exam paper.

F. Not until Olga had handed in her exam paper did she realise that she had missed one question.

G. Had Olga realised that she had missed one question, she wouldn’t hand in her exam paper.

H. Only after Olga realised that she had missed one question did she hand in her exam paper.

2. He badly suffered cyberbullying himself He realized the true dangers of social media only then.

E. Not until he had badly suffered cyberbullying himself did he realize the true dangers of social media

F. Such was his suffering of cyberbullying that he didn’t realize the true dangers of social media.

G. Only when he had realized the true dangers of social media did he badly suffer cyberbullying himself.

H. But for his terrible suffering of cyberbullying, he wouldn’t realize the true dangers of social media.

3. The coach changed his tactics in the second half. His football team won the match.

E. But for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, his football team could have won the match.

F. Not until his football team had won the match did the coach change his tactics in the second half.

G. Only if the coach had changed the tactics in the second half could his football team have won the match.

H. Had it not been for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, the football team wouldn’t have won the
match.

4. The green campaign was strongly supported by the local people. The neighborhood looks fresh and clean now.
 E. Had the local people not strongly supported the green campaign, the neighborhood wouldn’t look fresh and clean
now.

F. sacredly had the green campaign been strongly supported by the local people when the neighborhood looked fresh
and clean.

G. Only if the local people had strongly supported the green campaign would the neighborhood look fresh and clean
now.

H. But for the strong support of the local people for the green campaign, the neighborhood would look fresh and clean
now.

5. Smartphones are becoming reasonably priced. New applications make them more appealing.

E. Whatever new applications smartphones have, they are becoming more appealing with reasonable prices.

F. No matter how reasonable the prices OS smartphones are, they are not so appealing with new applications.

G. Appealing though smartphones are with new applications, they are becoming less affordably priced.

H. Not only are smartphones becoming more affordable but, with new applications, they are also more appealing.

6. She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly pass it.

E. Although she didn’t try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it.

F. Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn’t pass it.

G. No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test.

H. She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily.

7. Mary left home to start an independent life. She realised how much her family meant to her.

E. Only when Mary realised how much her family meant to her did she leave home to start an independent life.

F. To realise how much her family meant to her, Mary decided to leave home to start an independent life.

G. Not until Mary had left home to start an independent life did she realise how much her family meant to her.

H. Mary left home to start an independent life with a view to realising how much her family meant to her.

8. Laura practised playing the instrument a lot. She could hardly improve her performance.

E. Hardly had Laura practised playing the instrument a lot when she could improve her performance.

F. Had Laura practised playing the instrument a lot, she could have performed much better.

G. However much Laura practised playing die instrument, she could hardly perform any better.

H. As soon as Laura practised playing the instrument a lot, she could perform much better.

9. His friends supported and encouraged him. He did really well in the competition.

E. If his friends had given him support and encouragement, he could have done really well in the competition.

F. No matter how much his friends supported and encouraged him, he couldn’t do well in the competition.

G. Such were his friends’ support and encouragement that he couldn’t do really well in the competition.

H. Had it not been for his friends’ support and encouragement, he couldn’t have done so well in the competition.

10. She gave a great performance at the festival. We now know she has artistic talent.
 E. Amazing as her artistic talent is, we don’t know about her great performance at the festival.

F. Hardly had we known about her artistic talent when she gave a great performance at the festival.

G. Although she gave a great performance at the festival, now we still don’t know she has artistic talent.

H. But for her great performance at the festival, we wouldn’t know about her artistic talent now.

11. Peter told US about his leaving the school. He did it on his arrival at the meeting.

E. Only after his leaving the school did Peter inform US of his arrival at the meeting.

F. Not until Peter told US that he would leave the school did he arrive at the meeting.

G. Hardly had Peter informed US about his leaving the school when he arrived at the meeting.

H. No sooner had Peter arrived at the meeting than he told US about his leaving the school.

12. Mike became a father. He felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.

E. Were Mike to become a father himself, he would feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.

F. Only after Mike had become a father himself did he feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.

G. Had Mike become a father himself, he would have felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents.

H. Not until he felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents did Mike become a father himself.

13. He had hardly left the office when the phone rang.

E. No sooner had he left the office than the phone rang.

F. No sooner he had left the office than the phone rang.

G. No sooner he had left the office when the phone rang.

H. No sooner he did left the office than the phone rang.

14. No matter how hard Fred tried to start the car, he didn’t succeed.

E. Fred tried very hard to start the car, and succeeded.

F. However hard Fred tried, he couldn’t start the car.

G. It’s hard for Fred to start the car because he never succeeded.

H. Fred tried hard to start the car, and with success

15. Although he was very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework.

E. Despite of his tiredness, he was eager to help his child with his homework.

F. Tired as he was, he agreed to help his child with his homework.

G. Even if feeling very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework.

H. He would have helped his child with his homework if he hadn’t been tired.

16. The noise next door did not stop until after midnight.

E. It was not until after midnight that the noise next door stopped.

F. It was midnight that the noise next door stopped.

G. Not until after midnight did the noise next door stopped
 H. The noise next door stopped at midnight.

17. Exhaustion prevented any of the runners from finishing the race.

E. The runners can’t finish the race as a result of their exhaustion.

F. The runners are so exhausted that they can’t finish the race,

G. The runners were not exhausted enough to finish the race.

H. So exhausted were the runners that none of them finished the race.

18. He started computer programming as soon as he left school.

E. No sooner had he started computer programming than he left school.

F. Hardly had he started computer programming when he left school.

G. No sooner had he left school than he started computer programming.

H. After he left school, he had started computer programming.

19. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.

E. Despite the hotel is noisy, we stayed here.

F. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.

G. No matter how noisy the hotel was, we stayed there.

H. Because of the noise, we stayed in the hotel.

20. Friendly though he may seem, he’s not very trusted.

E. However he seems friendly, he’s not to be trusted.

F. However friendly he seems, he’s not to be trusted.

G. He may have friends, but he’s not to be trusted.

H. He’s too friendly to be trusted.

21. Despite his early retirement, he found no peace in life.

E. Although he retired early, but he found no peace in life.

F. His early retirement has brought him peace in life.

G. He found no peace in life because he retired early.

H. Early as he retired, he found no peace in life.

22. It wasn’t clear to US at the time how serious the problem was.

E. We were not sure about how serious the problem was at the time.

F. That the problem was serious was not made clear to US.

G. Little did we know anything about the seriousness of the problem.

H. Little did we realise at the time how serious the problem was.

23. If you want to save your eyesight, you must operate immediately.

E. Unless you want to save your eyesight, you mustn’t operate immediately.
 F. Only by operating immediately can you save your eyesight.

G. Provided that you must operate immediately, you can save your eyesight.

H. If you did operate immediately, you couldn’t save your eyesight.

24. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.

E. Only after I had realized what I had missed did they tell me about it later.

F. As soon as they told me about it I realized what I had missed.

G. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed.

H. They told me about it and I realized what I had missed.

25. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately.

D. So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.

E. So great the demand was that they had to reprint the book immediately.

B. Such great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.

F. Such was the demand great that they had to reprint the book immediately.

26. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.

E. Mrs Jones is the most dedicated worker you won’t find anywhere.

F. Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.

G. Nowhere will not you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.

H. Mrs Jones can’t be found in nowhere.

27. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

E. At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.

F. At no time the outcome of the election was in doubt.

G. Never in doubt was the outcome of the election.

H. By no means was the outcome of the election been suspected.

28. The only way to eliminate world terrorism is by united opposition.

E. Only with united opposition could we eliminate terrorism.

F. Only by united opposition can we eliminate terrorism.

G. Only in this way can world terrorism be eliminated.

H. Only then can we eliminate terrorism.

29. He forgot about the gun until he got home.

E. Not until he got home did he forget about the gun.

F. Not until he got home did he remember about the gun.

G. Not until he had got home did he remember about the gun.

H. Not until he had got home did he forget about the gun.
30. The truth only came out on the publication of the general’s personal diaries.

E. Only by publishing the general’s personal diaries, did the truth come out.

F. Not until the general’s personal diaries published did the truth come out.

G. Hardly were the general’s personal diaries published than the truth came out.

H. Only when the general’s personal diaries were published did the truth come out.