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INTRODUCTION
Pick is the name commonly given to damage to the paper surface occurring during the printing
operation. When the printing form is lifted from the paper, the ink exerts on the paper a force,
which increases with increasing viscosity and tack of the ink and with increasing printing speed.
When this force exceeds a critical value, which depends on the paper, the surface of the paper is
damaged.
PRINCIPLE
The paper or board is printed with a pick-test oil of known viscosity, at constant printing force and at
an increasing velocity. Pick velocity and pick resistance are derived from the distance between the
starting point of the print and the point on the print where the first damage is observed.
In the case of board when the adhesion between the outer layer and the next layer is too low,
delamination between the layers can occur during printing.
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Pick: IGT – ISO 3783, print
METHOD OF OPERATION
STANDARDS
The method W31 has been standardized internationally in e.g. ISO 3783:2006.
In the Netherlands in NEN 3095:1990 nl.
MATERIALS
[402.301.441.412] Printing disc, 10 mm, black aluminium, scale (pick and delamination)
[404.004.010] Pick test oil low viscosity or
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[404.004.020] Pick test oil medium viscosity or
[404.004.030] Pick test oil high viscosity or
[404.004.070] Pick test oil extra high viscosity
[404.001.005] Paper packing 55 mm
[441.000] Pick Start Viewer and/or
[441.000.040.190] Delamination viewer V shape
[441.000.040.280] Delamination viewer U shape
[466.000.710] IGT High Speed Inking Unit 4 (HSIU)
[466.003.003] Top roller – 4 segments – conventional inks
[408.000.200] IGT ink pipette 0,01 ml resolution
TESTING CONDITIONS
Standard test atmosphere according to ISO 187 (23,0 ± 1,0 °C and 50 ± 2% RH).
When using the software analysis license, the actual temperature and RH% need to be entered in
the fields [°C] and [RH%] to enable correct calculation of Pick Resistance. These data are also saved
with each test performed.
Sample conditioning
Be aware of the fact that a different way of conditioning of the samples can have influence on the
results.
STANDARD SETTINGS
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Printing speed: increasing, end speed at choice
Printing force: 350 N
Pick test oil film thickness 8 µm
Camera lamp low (Not applicable for Amsterdam Basic type)
Checkbox Scan activated (Not applicable for Amsterdam Basic type)
PREPARATION
1. Cut paper strips of 55 x 340 mm and mark with top and/or bottom side, machine and/or cross
direction and a code for the paper.
2. Select method Pick: IGT – ISO 3783.
3. If desired, touch the checkbox Scan to scan (not applicable for Basic type Amsterdam).
4. Mount the paper packing on the sector.
5. Fill the ink pipette with the desired IGT pick test oil.
6. Set the HSIU in Mode 3 (for changing settings and oil application, refer to your HSIU manual).
7. Apply 0,28 ml of pick test oil to the inking unit or add 0,02 ml of pick test oil to maintain this
layer and distribute the pick test oil.
NOTE: Do not add pick test oil more than 4 times.
NOTE: For another type of top roller see the manual of the inking unit.
8. Place the printing disc on the shaft of the HSIU and ink the printing disc.
EXECUTION
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1. Mount a strip of paper or board to be tested on
the sector of the Amsterdam.
2. Place the printing disc with oil on the 1st printing
shaft of the tester.
3. Touch the button [Print] and press both side
buttons to rotate the sector and first shaft into
the start position.
4. Keep both side buttons pressed to make the
print and release side buttons when the display
shows DONE. Pick: IGT – ISO 3783, low lamp
5. Take the sample from the sector and
immediately check with the pick start or delamination viewer and mark the first visible damage
of the surface. More detailed information is described in the section Assessment.
6. Assess the disc on the first point of picking and make a record. (See section Assessment).
7. Before starting a new test, clean the disc and the used segment of the inking unit (or use the
next segment or add 0,02 ml of oil to the segment used) and start inking the disc again.
8. Perform the test at least ten times per sample.
The print is scanned and analysed and the camera moves upward.
The button [Delamination] allows you to enter the delamination distance in mm. Save or discard
the results.
Start from point 1 for a next test. After finishing all tests, press [Back] and clean and store all parts.
CLEANING
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ASSESSMENT
the results are automatically analysed and shown in the display: pick distance in mm, pick velocity
and resistance in m/s.
Test result
To view the result of picking, place the test strip under the opening of the pick start viewer. Looking
from above into the viewer assess the test strip and mark the point where picking begins.
To view the result of delamination, place the test strip in the delamination viewer and by carefully
moving the test strip along the U-profile or V-profile check where delamination starts and mark this
point.
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Measure the pick distance between the starting point of the print (=
the centre of the initial print nip) and the point where picking or
delamination begins at the test strip. Make a record in mm.
If desired derive the pick velocity in m/s from the velocity table or with the formula:
Herein is:
Delamination viewer U and
Vp = velocity at point d (in m/s)
V
Vd = delamination at point d (in m/s)
Ve = set end speed (in m/s)
dp = distance from beginning of the print to beginning of picking (in mm, >50 mm)
dd = distance from beginning of the print to beginning of delamination (in mm, >50 mm)
Velocity table
If desired, calculate the pick or delamination resistance from the Velocity Viscosity Product (VVP) in
N/m with the formula:
For picking: P23 = Vp * ɳ t / ɳ 23
For delamination: D23 = Vd * ɳ t / ɳ 23
Herein is:
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P23 = Pick resistance at 23 °C in m/s
D23 = Delamination resistance at 23 °C in m/s
Vp = Pick velocity in m/s (velocity at the point where picking begins) at the measured
temperature
Vd = Delamination velocity in m/s (velocity at the point where picking begins) at the
measured temperature
ɳ t = Viscosity in Pa.s at the measured temperature (see Viscosity table in section “Notes”)
NOTES