PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

MATHEMATICS PAPER 2

SEPTEMBER 2021

SUGGESTED MARKING GUIDELINES

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 1 of 26

 SECTION A

QUESTION 1

a) For a certain data set, the following box-and-whisker diagram was drawn:

1) What percentage of data lies between 9 and 15? (1)

25% ✓

2) What is the semi-interquartile range of the data? (1)

9−5
Semi-IQR = =2✓
2

Accept the definition: (Q3 – Q1) ÷ 2

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 2 of 26

b) The table below shows the number of hours that a sales consultant spent with nine
clients, in one year, and the value of the respective sales per client:

Number of Hours 30 50 100 120 150 190 220 240 260

Value of sales
270 275 500 420 602 150 800 850 820
(in thousands of rands)

1) Write down the equation of the least squares regression line for the data to two decimal
places. (2)

y=171.4 +2.3x. ✓ ✓

2) The sales consultant forgot to record the sales of one his clients. If the consultant spent
80 hours with this client, predict the value of the client’s sales, to the nearest thousand
rand. (2)
y=171,4+2,31x
✓
𝑦=171,4+2,31(80) = R356 000 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 3 of 26

 3) Comment on the strength of the relationship between time spent with a client
and the value of their sales. Justify your answer appropriately. (2)
𝑟 = 0,73 ✓
∴ Strong positive linear relationship ✓

4) What is the expected increase in sales for each additional hour spent with a client,
to the nearest rand? (2)

B = 𝑚 = 2,31 ✓
∴ 2,31 × 1000 2,31

= R 2310 ✓
1

10 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 4 of 26

QUESTION 2

The Grade 12 learners were interviewed about using a certain application to send SMS
messages. The average number of SMS messages, 𝑚, sent by each learner per month, was
summarised in the histogram below.

a) How many SMS messages were sent in total? (1)

160 ✓

b) Write down the modal class. (1)

8-10 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 5 of 26

 c) Use the grid below to draw an ogive to represent the data. (4)

PLOTTING OF POINTS
First 3: 1 mark
Second 3: 1 mark
Last 3: 1 mark

SHAPE : 1 mark

d) Use the ogive to identify the median for the data. (1)
Approximately 8 ✓

e) Estimate the percentage of learners who sent more than 11 messages using this
application. (2)
Approximately 30 learners sent more than 11 messages ✓
30
∴ 160 × 100 = 18,75% ✓

f) Describe the skewness of the data. (1)

Skewed to the left or negatively skewed. ✓

10 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 6 of 26

QUESTION 3

a) Points A(–2; 3) and B(3; –2) lie in the Cartesian Plane.

y
A(–2; 3)

O P x

B(3; –2)

1) Calculate the length of AB. (2)

AB = √(3 + 2)2 + (−2 − 3)2 ✓

= √50

= 7.1units ✓

2) Determine the co-ordinates of M, the midpoint of AB. (2)

−2+3 3−2
𝑀: ( ; )✓
2 2

1 1
𝑀: ( ; ) ✓
2 2

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 7 of 26

 3) Determine the co-ordinates of the point P, the point where the straight line
AB cuts the x-axis. (5)

3+2 ✓
𝑚=
−2 − 3
𝑚 = −1 ✓
𝑦 = −𝑥 + 𝑐 ✓
−2 = −3 + 𝑐
𝑦 = −𝑥 + 1 ✓
𝑃(1; 0) ✓

4) ˆ .
Determine the size of obtuse AOP (3)
3
𝑚 = −2 ✓
3
Acute AÔ 𝑃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
2
= 56.3° ✓

̂ 𝑃 = 180° − 56.3° = 123.7°

Obtuse AO ✓

5) Find the equation of the line which is parallel to OB, passing through A. (4)

0+2
𝑚=
0−3
2
= − ✓
3

Since lines are parallel, gradients are equal

2
∴𝑦 = − 𝑥+𝑐 ✓
3
2
3 = − (−2) + 𝑐 ✓
3
5
𝑐=
3
2 5
𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 3 ✓

(OR 3y + 2x = 5)

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 8 of 26

b) A line is drawn through the points S(a; b) and T(c ; d).

1) Write down the gradient of the line ST, in terms of a, b, c and d. (2)

𝑑−𝑏
✓ 𝑏−𝑑
𝑚= 𝑂𝑅
𝑐−𝑎 𝑎−𝑐
✓

2) Write down the gradient of the line perpendicular to ST in terms of

a, b, c and d. (2)

−(𝑐−𝑎)
𝑚=
𝑑−𝑏
✓
𝑎−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎
= 𝑂𝑅
𝑑−𝑏 𝑏−𝑑
✓

20 MARKS

QUESTION 4
a) If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 340 = t , determine the following in terms of 𝑡:

1) (2)

1 𝟓𝟔𝟎 t

𝟑𝟒𝟎
√𝟏 − 𝒕𝟐 𝒙
✓

𝑡
tan 340 = ✓
√1 − 𝑡 2

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 9 of 26

2) cos 680 = cos(2 × 340 ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 340 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 340 ✓ (3)

2 2
√1 − 𝑡 2 𝑡2
=( ) −( ) ✓
1 1

= 1 − 𝑡2 − 𝑡2

= 1 − 2𝑡 2 ✓
OR
cos 680 = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 340 − 1 ✓

2
√1 − 𝑡 2
= 2( ) −1 ✓
1

= 2 − 2𝑡 2 − 1

= 1 − 2𝑡 2 ✓
OR
cos 680 = 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 340 ✓

𝑡 2
= 1 − 2( ) ✓
1

= 1 − 2𝑡 2 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 10 of 26

b) 1) Simplify to a single trigonometric ratio:

sin(1800 −𝑥)
− sin(1800 + 𝑥 ) cos(900 + 𝑥) (7)
cos(−𝑥) . tan(3600 +𝑥)

✓ ✓ ✓
sin 𝑥
= + (− sin 𝑥 . sin 𝑥)
cos 𝑥.tan 𝑥✓

✓
sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
= ÷ × − sin2 𝑥
1 1 cos 𝑥

✓
= 1 − sin2 𝑥

= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 11 of 26

 2) Without using a calculator, determine the value of: (4)

𝑠𝑖𝑛2 350 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 350

4𝑠𝑖𝑛100 𝑐𝑜𝑠100
−[𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 350 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 350 ] ✓
=
4𝑠𝑖𝑛100 𝑐𝑜𝑠100
− cos 700 ✓
=
2 sin 200 ✓
− cos 700
=
2𝑐𝑜𝑠700
1
=− ✓
2

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 12 of 26

 3) Prove the following identity:

2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 1
= (5)
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥−sin 2𝑥 tan 𝑥

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 ✓ 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 ✓
𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝑳𝑯𝑺 = ÷[ − ]
𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝟏

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙

= ÷ ✓
𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 ✓ 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
= ×
𝟏 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙(𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙)

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
= ×
𝟏 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑 𝒙
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
= ✓
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝟏
=
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙

= 𝑹𝑯𝑺

25 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 13 of 26

 QUESTION 5

In the diagram, T, Q, V and S are points on the circle. QT and VS are produced to P and
QS is produced to R such that 𝑃𝑅 ∥ 𝑇𝑉.
P

1 2

R
T 2
1
2

1
S

a) Give reasons for the following statements:

1) 𝑃̂2 = 𝑉̂ ….(𝑎𝑙𝑡. ∠𝑠, ∥ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠)✓ (1)

2) ̂𝑉 = 𝑄̂ ….(angles in the same segment) ✓ (1)

b) Hence, prove that 𝛥𝑃𝑄𝑅///𝛥𝑆𝑃𝑅. (3)

InΔPQR and ΔSPR,

1). ̂
P2 = Q̂ (proved above) ✓
̂ is common ✓
2). R
3). ̂
P = Ŝ2 (rem. angles)

∴ ΔPQR /// ΔSPR (AAA)✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 14 of 26

 c) Now, complete the following:

𝑃𝑄 𝑆𝑃
1) = (1)
𝑃𝑅 𝑆𝑅 ✓

𝑄𝑅 𝑃𝑅
2) = (1)
𝑃𝑅✓ 𝑆𝑅

d) Calculate the length of PR if QR = 10,2 units and SR = 3,4units. (3)

𝑃𝑅 𝑄𝑅
= (𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒)
𝑆𝑅 𝑃𝑅

∴ 𝑃𝑅 2 = 𝑆𝑅 × 𝑄𝑅 ✓
𝑃𝑅 2 = 3,4 × 10,2 ✓
𝑃𝑅 2 = 34,68
𝑃𝑅 = 5,9𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 ✓

10 MARKS

TOTAL SECTION A : 75 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 15 of 26

 SECTION B
QUESTION 6

The circle centred at M (-4;-5) touches the x - axis at D and cuts the y-axis at P and N. Tangents
drawn to the circle at P and N meet at Q.

D
x
P

M(-4;-5)
Q

a) Explain why the co-ordinates of D are (-4;0). (2)

X -axis is a tangent. ✓
So MD is perp to x-axis. ✓

(OR Tan perp Rad)

b) Show that the equation of the circle can be written as (x+4)2 +(y+5)2 =25 (3)

General equation of circle: (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑟 2 ✓

Radius = y value of centre point = 5 units ✓

(𝑥 − (−4))2 + (𝑦 − (−5))2 = 52 ✓

c) Find the co-ordinates of P. (4)

Let x = 0, ✓
16 + 𝑦 2 + 10𝑦 + 25 − 25 = 0 ✓
𝑦 2 + 10𝑦 + 16 = 0
(𝑦 + 8)(𝑦 + 2) = 0 ✓
𝑦 = −8 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −2
𝑃(0; −2) ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 16 of 26

d) Say what kind of quadrilateral MNQP is, giving reasons. (3)
✓
MPQN is a kite because MP=MN (radii) ✓

PQ=ON (tangents from same point) ✓

OR

MN perp NQ and MP perp PQ ✓

MNQP is cyclic ✓ (opp angles supp) ✓

e) Find the co-ordinates of Q. (8)

−5 + 8 −3 4
𝑚𝑀𝑁 = = 𝑠𝑜 𝑚𝑁𝑄 = ✓
−4 4 3

−5 + 2 3 4
𝑚𝑀𝑃 = = 𝑠𝑜 𝑚𝑃𝑄 = − ✓
−4 4 3

For PQ

𝑦 + 2 −4
= ✓
𝑥 3

3𝑦 + 6 = −4𝑥

3𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 6 ✓

For NQ

𝑦+8 4 ✓
=
𝑥 3

3𝑦 + 24 = 4𝑥

3𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 24 ✓

Simultaneous Equation
3𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 6
✓
− (3𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 24)
______________________
0 = −8𝑥 + 18
𝑥 = 2,25
𝑦 =-5 Q : (2,25; -5) ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 17 of 26

QUESTION 7
In the diagram below:
The graphs of 𝑓(𝑥) = tan 𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin 2𝑥 have been drawn for 𝑥 ∈ [−1800 ; 900 ].

f(x) f(x)

g(x)

(a) Determine the general solution for 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥). (8)

tan 𝑥 = sin 2𝑥

sin 𝑥✓ ✓
= 2 sin 𝑥. cos 𝑥
cos 𝑥

sin 𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥. cos 2 𝑥

0 = 2 sin 𝑥. cos2 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 ✓

0 = sin 𝑥(2cos2 𝑥 − 1) ✓

sin 𝑥 = 0 or 2cos 2 𝑥 = 1 ✓
✓ 1
𝑥 = 00 + 1800 𝑘 or cos 2 𝑥 = 2
1
cos 𝑥 = ±√2 ✓
𝑥 = ±450 + k900 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 18 of 26

(b) Hence, or otherwise, determine the values of x if f(x) = g(x) and x ∈ [-1800 ;00 ). (3)

✓ ✓ ✓
𝑥 = −180 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −135 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −450
0 0

(c) Use the solution(s) obtained in (b) to determine for which value(s) of x ∈ [-1800 ;00 )
g/ (x)
≥ 0. (3)
f(x)

✓ ✓
𝑥 ∈ (−1800 ; −1350 ] or 𝑥 ∈ (−90; −450 ] (0;45]

CORRECT USE OF BRACKETS ✓

14 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 19 of 26

QUESTION 8
In the diagram, an isosceles triangle MLN with LM = LN is inscribed in a circle. The
length of LM is 2 units and ML̂N = 𝜃

a) Show that the area of ∆ LMN is 2 sin 𝜃 square units. (2)

1
Area of ∆LMN = LM. LN sin 𝜃 ✓
2

1
Area of ∆LMN = (2)(2) sin 𝜃 ✓
2

Area of ∆LMN = 2 sin 𝜃 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

b) If the radius of the circle in (a) is allowed to vary, calculate the following:

1) the value(s) of 𝜃 when the area of the inscribed ∆ LMN is one square unit. (3)

2 sin 𝜃 = 1 ✓

1
sin θ = ✓
2

𝜃 = 300 or 1500 ✓

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 20 of 26

 (2) the radius of the circle for which the area of the inscribed ∆ LMN is a maximum.
(Leave your answer in surd form if necessary). (6)

Area of ∆LMN = 2 sin 𝜃 (proved above).

Max area will occur where sin 𝜃 is a maximum ✓

∴ 𝜃 = 900 ✓

This implies that MN will be diameter. ✓

Using Pythagoras: MN2 = 22 + 22 ✓

∴ 𝑀𝑁 = √8 = 2√2 ✓

∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 = (0,5)√8 = √2 ✓

11 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 21 of 26

QUESTION 9
a) Prove the theorem which states that the angle between a tangent and a chord is
equal to the angle in the alternate segment.

O D

A B C

Given: AC is a tangent to circle centre O at B.

E and D are points on the circle.

ˆ = BED
Required to prove: CBD ˆ

Construction: Draw diameter BOF. Join EF. ✓ (1)

Proof: (4)

𝐶𝐵̂ 𝐷 + 𝐷𝐵̂ 𝑂 = 90° (𝑡𝑎𝑛 − 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑑 𝑡ℎ. ) ✓

𝐵𝐸̂ 𝐷 + 𝐷𝐸̂ 𝐹 = 90° (∠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖 −⊙) ✓

𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝐷𝐵̂ 𝑂 = 𝐷𝐸̂ 𝐹 ✓ (∠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔) ✓

∴ 𝐶𝐵̂ 𝐷 = 𝐵𝐸̂ 𝐷

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 22 of 26

 b In the figure, AB and AC are tangents to the circle through B, C and F. AD is drawn
) parallel to FC and meets CD and BF produced in D. BC is drawn and CD is
produced to E.

6
6
6
6
6
̂ F=x, find two other angles each equal to x, giving reasons.
If CB (3)
1) 6
6
6
6
𝐶𝐵̂ 𝐹 = 𝐶̂2 = 𝑥✓ 6 (tan − chord thm) ✓
6
𝐴̂2 = 𝐶̂2 = 𝑥 6 (𝑎𝑙𝑡. ∠𝑠, ∥ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠) ✓
6
6
4
2) Hence, prove that4 ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, giving reasons. (2)
4
4
𝐴̂2 = 𝐶𝐵̂ 𝐹 = 𝑥 4 (𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒)✓
4
∴ 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑐4 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣. ∠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔) ✓

10 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 23 of 26

QUESTION 10

Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that corresponds to the CORRECT answer.

a) ̂ C = 900 and AD ⊥ BC, then

In the figure, BA

A C

(A) BD  CD = BC2
(B) BD  CD = AD 2 ✓ ✓
(C) BA  CA = BC 2
(D) AB  AC = AD 2

b) If 𝛥ABC ||| 𝛥EDF and 𝛥ABC is not similar to ΔDEF, then which of the following is NOT
TRUE?
(A) AB . EF = AC . DE
(B) BC . EF = AC . FD
(C) BC . DE = AB . EF ✓ ✓
(D) BC . DE = AB . FD

BC 1 area ΔPRQ
c) If it is given that ABC ||| PQR with = then equal to
QR 3 area ΔBCA
(A) 9 ✓✓
(B) 3
1
(C) 3
1
(D) 9

6 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 24 of 26

QUESTION 11

In the diagram below, DEFG is a parallelogram and AB∥DG.

Prove that HC || GF. Give reasons.

D
E

B F C
DG HG
= HDG III HABtheorem ✓
Prop
AB HB
DG || EF Opposite sides of a parm ✓

But AB ∥ DG given

∴ AB ∥ EF ✓

EF CF
= CEF IIItheorem
Prop CAB ✓
AB CB

But DG = EF Opposite sides of a parm✓

DG CF
∴ = ✓
AB CB
CF HG
Hence =
CB HB

∴ HC||GF Converse prop theorem ✓

7 MARKS

ADvTECH © Preliminary Examination 2021: Mathematics Paper 2 Page 25 of 26

QUESTION 12

In the diagram two circles overlap at B and C. Point A is chosen on one circle. Lines AB and
AC are produced to meet the other circle at D and E respectively. DE is drawn.
A second point P is chosen. Lines PC and PB are produced to meet the other circle at Q and R
respectively. QR is drawn.

PROVE that DE = QR

Construct CD and CR ✓
EĈQ = PĈ𝐴 Vertically opposite angles ✓

PĈA = PB
̂𝐴 Angles in the same segment ✓

∴ EĈQ = PB
̂𝐴

̂ A = DB
But PB ̂𝑅 Vertically opposite angles ✓
∴ EĈQ = DB
̂𝑅

̂ R = DĈ𝑅
And DB Angles in the same segment ✓

∴ EĈQ = DĈ𝑅
Now EĈD = EĈQ + QĈD and QĈR = QĈD + DĈ𝑅 ✓

∴ EĈD = QĈ𝑅

Hence DE = QR Converse equal chord, equal angles at circumference of the circle✓

7 MARKS

TOTAL SECTION B: 75 MARKS

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