AIN2601 Discussion Class Mar 2024 Excel - All Regions (Session 1)

AIN2601
2024
Senior Lecturer:
Mr D. Kock
Excel – Part 1
EXCEL
RELATIVE REFERENCES
RELATIVE REFERENCES
Copy down rows
EXCEL – Relative reference
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1
8
9
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1
8 =A2*
9
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1
8 =A2*D2
9
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1
8 =A2*D2
9 =A3*
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1
8 =A2*D2
9 =A3*D3
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1 "=C2/D3
8 =A2*D2 "
9 =A3*D3
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1 "=C2/D3
8 =A2*D2 "=C3/
9 =A3*D3
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1 "=C2/D3
8 =A2*D2 "=C3/D4
9 =A3*D3
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1 "=C2/D3
8 =A2*D2 "=C3/D4
9 =A3*D3 "=C4/
10
Copy down rows
A B C D
1 500 130 98 5
2 600 220 57 7
3 700 990 15 9
4 900 380 37 6
5 200 870 42 3
6
7 =A1*D1 "=C2/D3
8 =A2*D2 "=C3/D4
9 =A3*D3 "=C4/D5
10
RELATIVE REFERENCES
Copy across columns
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1
8
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*
8
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1
8
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*
8
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8 =C4/A2
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8 =C4/A2 =D4/
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8 =C4/A2 =D4/B2
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8 =C4/A2 =D4/B2 =E4/
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 500 130 98 5 5
2 600 220 57 7 7
3 700 990 15 9 9
4 900 380 37 6 6
5 200 870 42 3 3
6
7 =A1*B1 =B1*C1 =C1*D1
8 =C4/A2 =D4/B2 =E4/C2
EXCEL
ABSOLUTE REFERENCES
(vs RELATIVE REFERENCES)
EXCEL – Absolute reference ($)
Like glue!!
Locks the row and/or column reference in a cell

reference
• Lock the row reference only: Insert $ in front of row

reference i.e. A$1
• Lock the column reference only: Insert $ in front of
column reference i.e. $A1
• Lock both the row and column reference: Insert $ in
front of both the row and column reference i.e. $A$1
ABSOLUTE REFERENCES
Copy down rows
Copy down rows
Formula will be copied to range B9:B10.
Reference to cell A1 must not change
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A1*C4
9 COPY
10 COPY
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4
10
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4
9 =A$1*
10
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4
9 =A$1*C5
10
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4
9 =A$1*C5
10 =A$1*
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4
9 =A$1*C5
10 =A$1*C6
Copy down rows
Formula will be copied to range C9:C10.
Reference to cell B2 must not change
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B2
9 =A$1*C5 COPY
10 =A$1*C6 COPY
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B$2
9 =A$1*C5
10 =A$1*C6
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B$2
9 =A$1*C5 "=B5/
10 =A$1*C6
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B$2
9 =A$1*C5 "=B5/B$2
10 =A$1*C6
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B$2
9 =A$1*C5 "=B5/B$2
10 =A$1*C6 "=B6/
Copy down rows
A B C
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5
5 600 220 7
6 700 990 9
7
8 =A$1*C4 "=B4/B$2
9 =A$1*C5 "=B5/B$2
10 =A$1*C6 "=B6/B$2
ABSOLUTE REFERENCES
Copy across columns
Copy across columns
Formula will be copied to range B8:C8.
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =B1*C5 copy copy
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 copy copy
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/A2
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/$A2
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/$A2 =C6/
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/$A2 =C6/$A2
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/$A2 =C6/$A2 =D6/
Copy across columns
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$B1*C5 =$B1*D5 =$B1*E5
9 =B6/$A2 =C6/$A2 =D6/$A2
ABSOLUTE REFERENCES
Copy down rows and across columns
Formula will be copied to cells B9,C10.
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =A1*B4
9
10
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9
10
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9
10
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*
10
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5
10
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5
10 =$A$1*
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5
10 =$A$1*D6
Formula will be copied to cells C9,D8.
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5
10 =B6/B2 =$A$1*D6
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5
10 =B6/$B$2 =$A$1*D6
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5 =D5/
10 =B6/$B$2 =$A$1*D6
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4
9 =$A$1*C5 =D5/$B$2
10 =B6/$B$2 =$A$1*D6
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3
4 500 130 5 150 51
5 600 220 7 411 45
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4 =E4/
9 =$A$1*C5 =D5/$B$2
10 =B6/$B$2 =$A$1*D6
A B C D E
1 15% R 15.00
2 33% R 22.00
3 Randomly pick
4 500 130 5 150 51 any cell irt fixed
5 600 220 7 411 45 cell
6 700 990 9 153 11
7
8 =$A$1*B4 =E4/$B$2
9 =$A$1*C5 =D5/$B$2
10 =B6/$B$2 =$A$1*D6
AIN2601
2023
Lecturer:
Mr Duwayne Kock
Excel – Part 2
HOW TO ANSWER AN EXCEL QUESTION
➢ Write down the structure of the Excel functions you must know out of your head
Example =IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
➢ READ all the provided information and underline/highlight the important information
➢ READ through the spreadsheet (left to right & top to bottom)
➢ If an amount or a percentage(%) is given in a cell you MUST use that cell reference to
use it in your formula/function
➢ Writing a formula: Write the formula using amounts and replace the amounts with the
applicable cell reference
➢ Negative marks in exam – Refer to MO001 document at the end of Study Unit 5
➢ Have a look at the bigger picture

Examples of exam questions
Some examples of negative marks
• Not starting a formula with = -1

• When referring to a range of cells using a ; to
indicate the range i.e. A10:D10 (correct)
• A10;D10 (-1 mark) -1
• Logical issue in a formula e.g. multiply where
we should divide, subtract where we should
add, etc. -1
• Incorrect use of ( ) or not using it where
necessary or not closing brackets -1
• Using [ ] instead of ( ) -1
• Using SUM in a formula where it is not
applicable i.e.
• =sum(H18 - H23) -1
• Using a formula when a function is available
i.e. = B5+B6+B7 instead of =sum(B5:B7) -1
• Add an argument which is not applicable to
the end of the function i.e. =Right(A11,1,1) -1
• Students can use either the , or ; as an

argument separator but it must be used
consistently throughout the question. -1
• Using x instead of * or ÷ instead of / -1
• For marks deducted at a function: The part
in brackets can however not be
EXCEL
QUESTION 1
EXCEL QUESTIONS
THE FOLLOWING IS APPLICABLE TO EXCEL QUESTIONS 1 AND 2
Please leave a line open after each individual question.
You used the Excel Help function to obtain the following formula structures which
might come in handy when answering questions 1 and 2:
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)
=PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type)
=FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)
=PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)
EXCEL QUESTION 1 (15 Marks)
Vhadau Cutleries Ltd is a business that produces and sells kitchen cutlery and other equipment used
in the kitchen. Vhadau Cutleries Ltd (VC) has a 31 March year-end and is a registered VAT vendor.
VC has been operating for more than ten years and has been doing well for the past five years. VC
sells cutlery in different batch sizes to a customer base that consists of businesses and individuals. The
analysis of the past 5 years indicates that businesses buy their cutlery seasonally and individuals buy
the cutlery haphazardly.
VC is looking into expanding the business by establishing another branch in a different part of the
country and would like you to assist them to understand the information from the spreadsheet that was
prepared by the accountant:
The details of the additional information about the spreadsheet are as follows:
a) The VAT rate used by the company is 15% (refer to cell B4).
b) The actual production units which results in sales units of the forks, knives and spoons
(refer to cells B8:D8).
c) The sales price (excl VAT) per unit of the forks, knives and spoons (refer to cells B9:D9).
d) The sales price (including VAT) per unit of the forks, knives and spoons (refer to cells B10:D10).
EXCEL QUESTION 1
The details of the additional information about the spreadsheet are as follows:
e) The markup on cost per unit of the forks, knives and spoons (refer to cells B11:D11) is necessary
in establishing the cost of sales for each item.
f) The gross profit per item (refer to cell B16:D16).
g) Vhadau Cutleries obtained a loan amount of R1 750 000 (refer to cell B20), to be paid back in 5
years’ time. The loan was granted to the business by KwaKwa Bank Limited. The loan was
obtained at an annual interest rate of 12% (refer to cell B22), with monthly installments of R25 000
(refer to cell B24) which must be paid at the end of every month.
h) Other information relating to Vhadau Cutleries include the following:

• The maximum gross profit amounts of all stock items (refer to cell B28)
• The minimum units sold for all stock items (refer to cell D28)
• The maximum sales amounts of all stock items (refer to cell B29)
• The minimum selling price (excl VAT) for all stock items (refer to cell D29)
• The maximum cost of production for all stock items (refer to cell B30)
• The average mark-up on cost for all stock items (refer to cell B31)
EXCEL QUESTION 1
EXCEL QUESTION 1
REQUIRED:
Use the case study information and the spreadsheet to answer the following questions.
Note: Where it is indicated that your formula will be copied to other cells, your formula must
take absolute and relative cell references into account.
1.1. Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B10 to calculate the selling price including VAT?
Note: Your formula will be copied to cells C10:D10. (1.5)
1.2. Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B15 to calculate the total cost of sales of the
forks? Your answer must be rounded to zero decimal digits. Note: Your formula will be copied
to cells C15:D15. (3)
1.3. Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell E14 to calculate the total of items sold by
Vhadau Cutleries LTD? (3)
1.4. Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B23 to calculate the payback value of the loan?
(4.5)
1.5 Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B28 to determine the maximum gross profit from
all the three items sold? (2)
1.6 Which spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B31 to determine the average markup margin?
(2)
EXCEL QUESTION 2
Vhadau Cutleries Ltd is in the process of doing some analysis on their products over a 4-month
period. Vhadau has four (4) employees who operate at different levels within the organisation. Each
employee has a unique employee number, which is used to identify them within the system.
Vhadau Cutleries Ltd also has a number of customers to whom they sell products. The products
include forks, knives and spoons. They also want to assess the performance of their staff to establish
who is doing well and how many of the staff are “slacking” in performance. To do this effectively, they
have assigned new employee codes to each employee.
The following spreadsheet provides some details about the 4-month period, which will assist with the
analysis:
EXCEL QUESTION 2
Vhadau Cutleries provided you with the following additional information of the spreadsheet
above:
a) The customer list table starting in cell A3, which contains the following:
• The sales ranges in which each customer is located for the period under review
(refer to cells A4:B11)
• The customer codes for each customer (refer to cells D5:D11)
b) The employee number for each employee (refer to cells A14:A17). The employee number is
made up of the following structure.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
X X X X X X - X X X X
• Characters 1-5 : Employee initials and birth year
• Character 6 : Space
• Character 7 : Employee package level within the organisation
• Character 8 : dash/hyphen (-)
• Characters 9-12: Year of employment
c) The employee package level (refer to cells B14:B17).

EXCEL QUESTION 2
above:
d) The sales per staff member of the 4-month period (refer to cells C14:C17)
e) The new employee code for each employee (refer to cells E14:E17). The new employee code
is made up of the following structure
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X X X X X - X X X X
• Characters 8-10: The last 3 characters of the customer code
f) The items sold table indicates the units of items sold by each employee (refer to cells F3:I8)
g) The sales per unit of spoons is indicated for each employee (refer to cells G14:G17).
EXCEL QUESTION 2
above:
h) Each employee’s sales per unit of spoons is measured against the average sales per unit (cell
G18) and is indicated as either “yes” if the sales per unit of spoons exceed the average or
“no” if the sales per unit of spoons is below the average sales per unit (refer to cells
H13:H17).
i) The number of staff members who have earned less than R500 000 in sales over the 4-month
period and is considered “slacking” in performance (refer cell B21).

• Characters 8-10: The last 3 characters of the customer code
f) The items sold table indicates the units of items sold by each employee (refer to cells F3:I8)
g) The sales per unit of spoons is indicated for each employee (refer to cells G14:G17).
EXCEL QUESTION 2
EXCEL QUESTION 2
Required:
Use the information and spreadsheet provided to answer the following questions:
Note: Where it is indicated that your formula will be copied to other cells, your formula must
take absolute and relative addresses into account, but only where necessary!
2.1 What spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B14 to extract the package level for employee
BAL87 4-2000? Note: Your formula will be copied to cells B15:B17. (2.5)
2.2 What spreadsheet formula was entered into cell D14 to obtain the customer code for
BAL87 4-2000, from the customer list table starting in cell A3? Note: Your formula will be
copied to cells D15:D17. (3.5)
2.3 What spreadsheet formula was entered into cell E14 to create the new employee code for
BAL87 4-2000? Note: Your formula will be copied to cells E15:E17. (6.5)
2.4 What spreadsheet formula was entered into cell H14 to determine whether sales per unit of
spoons exceeds the average for BAL87 4-2000? Note: Your formula will be copied to cells
H15:H17. (3.5)
2.5 What spreadsheet formula was entered into cell B21 to determine the number of “slacking
staff” for the period under review? (3)
Best wishes with
your Assessment
Duwayne Kock

AIN2601 Discussion Class Mar 2024 Excel - All Regions (Session 1)

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AIN2601 Discussion Class Mar 2024 Excel - All Regions (Session 1)

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Copyright:

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AIN2601

Locks the row and/or column reference in a cell

• Lock the row reference only: Insert $ in front of row

➢ READ through the spreadsheet (left to right & top to bottom)

➢ Have a look at the bigger picture

• Not starting a formula with = -1

• Students can use either the , or ; as an

Please leave a line open after each individual question.

f) The gross profit per item (refer to cell B16:D16).

h) Other information relating to Vhadau Cutleries include the following:

c) The employee package level (refer to cells B14:B17).

• Characters 1-5 : Employee initials and birth year

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