Monthly Intern Ship Report

Acknowledgement
I would like to thanks office engineer (my company supervisor) Kiflu and his office meet Habib
(Data collector) and Josy (Drafting) and from consultant office Abubeker and Dame and to site
Engineer Mohammed for their genuine corporation during my internship activity.

Executive summery
This monthly internship report summarizes the abstract of: project information, weekly
activities, achievement and progress of the project over the month. This circumscribes the daily
activities of each four consecutive weeks from 01/03/2007e.c to 26/03/2007e.c

Project information

The project on which I have attended my internship practical attachment is road, which is
located in Gamo Gofa Zone of in Southern Nations and Nationalities People Regional State. It
starts from Belta (60+00) move across Kemba and reaches its final intention in Otolo town. It is
a new project that covers a total end to end distance of 30.3km which is being constructed by the
contractor Diriba Defersha general Contractor; the then called Road and Water works Contractor
and supervised by the consultants Pure Consulting Engineers access by the ownership of
Ethiopian Road Authority.

Description
The first two weeks of my internship activities focused on Offices work. The project
comprises many different part offices in two different areas. One is contractor’s office and the
other is consultant’s office. Even if my hosting company is contractor according to our
department head advise I done my best to consider all works in all parts. And I communicate
with both contractor and consultant and understand how they are communicating each other. I
also enjoy my first two weeks by reading contract agreement document, plan profile drawing,
how to mark BM from GPS and control quality that consultant use to control contractor works
and practice software application like excel using site work data, AutoCAD using different
structural drawing and Eagle point using survey data.

The 3rd and 4th weeks of my practice have changed its phase from office work inspection. It is
concerned about assessment of earth work activity on site. Such as, looking over the requested
station to be cleared and grubbed properly, assessment of road bed preparation, visual
examination of the material quality, compaction & moisture of different layers of sub base,
embankment fill, and back fill, visual judgment weather the surface to be excavated is rock or
not and inspection of rock blasting. First of all the surveyors collect topographic data and by
processing it within different software application and determine whether it is cut or fill
 1. Cutting section
After site cleared and grubbed take place excavation and cutting are follow respectively if
there is undercut and we use dozer, excavate and we use blustering bomb at rock parts this
all take place according to that surveyors put stake.
2. Dumping in fill part

In the fill portion of the Earth work the required material/soil to fill is transports’ by dump truck. The
volume of one Dump truck is known i.e. Vo=15m3. Then the amount of soil/quantity of soil or volume
which required for that station with 9m width and one station has 20m length can be calculated.

For example, for station 9mx20m, the needed volume of material/soil is 0.2m

Area = (9x20) m2=180m2

VT = A*t (thickness with compaction factor) 9m

VT = 180m2*0.25=45m3 → t = 20cm after compaction. 20m

V T 45
No. of trip becomes = = =3 trucks per station. Within these weeks I was being practice
V 0 15
communicating with the site engineers, Forman’s and even daily labors for all while inspecting
their activity.

Achievement
Within a month of my stay in this project I have been able to gain many different practical awareness
on highway engineering principles and their physical interpretation in to action. Even though am steel left
with the other construction staffs. Now

 Am able to experience visual inspection of activities on site starting for earth work
 Able to understand the work flow between the contractor and the consultant
 Developed my communication skill with all of the construction staff.

Progress of the Project

We have completed about processing all data from site work, lubricant, spare part and calculating all
expenses and compering with the work done to know our profit and Our Accomplishment is more than plan
104%. Within a month, the project has shown fine progress with regard to earth work. But this does not mean
that the project doesn’t encounter problems that cease its progress. Among them, the major is Land sliding
and we solved with retaining wall and there is also the land sliding that may cause changes the alignment.

Conclusion
Generally the first four weeks of my internship practice was fascinating, enjoyable and full of
practical understanding of office & site activities. Beside the educational manner I have also experienced
social life in different town with different community.
 Monthly Intern Ship Report
Executive summery
This monthly internship report summarizes the abstract of: general know how of laboratory, surveying
and how to dump, level and compact each layers material activities in Arbaminch - Kemba- Sawla Road
Project, Lot 2: Belta - Otolo over the month. This circumscribes the daily activities of each four
consecutive weeks from 29/03/2007e.c to 24/04/2007e.c.

Description
The 5th week of my internship activities focused on one of the major indispensable unit of the project
which is laboratory. The project comprises two laboratories in two different areas. One is for contractor
and the other is where both contractor and consultant testing. Here before and after accomplishment of
any tasks laboratory tests have been performed regarding the suitability of materials before any use on
the site and to check the appropriateness of the suitable material after it is accomplished in construction.

Through the week of my excursion has been in the soil and aggregate testing laboratory It was all
about performing soil tests for 2nd layer sub base from new borrow pit, PI test for crushed base course
after placing and compaction, field density test (FDT) for different layers of embankment fill and back
fill, ACV test for crushed base course after placing and compaction, and all aggregate tests for sub base
aggregate from the borrow pit which is sampled from different station.

The soil tests that we have performed within this week includes:- Modified Proctor test,(which used
to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of our material),CBR test(which is
used to determine the bearing capacity and measure relative shearing resistance of the material),PI
test(which is used to determine the range of consistency within which the soil exhibits plastic
property),Sand Cone test(which is used to determine the relative compaction of the soil on site).

In part, the aggregate testes that we were performing include, Aggregate Crushing Value test
(ACV)which is used to measure the relative resistance of aggregate to crushing under gradually applied
load ,Flakiness Index test(which is used to determine the percent existence of flaked aggregate surface),
Ten Percent Fine value test, TFV(which is used to determine percent existence of fine from crusher
plant),Los Angles Abrasion test, LA(which is used to measure the hardness of the aggregate) and
Soundness test (which is used to determine the resistance of aggregate to weathering action).

The 6th week of my practice has changed its phase from laboratory to surveying. Surveying is
among the major elements of road construction. Surveying data’s are taken both before and during
construction of the road. Surveying before construction includes preparation of OGL (original ground
level) cross section for contour preparation. Each designed data’s are interpreted on site through surveyor
crew which comprises senior and junior surveyors. And the surveyors basically use total station and
leveling instruments for their activity on site. Total station is recent and very advanced technology which
makes construction easier and accurate.
The 7th and 8th weeks of our internship practice have how to dump, level, compact and grade the sub-base,
base-course and how to distribute prime, asphalt and chipping aggregate and their production and their
approval test. In this weeks I also practice most of the time in laboratory because of when we mention
materials their test must be important to dump, undercut or for selected materials.

Achievement
 I am able to digest what I have learnt in soil mechanics one and two.
 I have softly understood what testes are performed to determine which property of materials.
 Due to the fact that they are strongly correlated, I am able to predict one parameter of the index
property knowing the other parameter of the lab test (.e.g. Predict the CBR knowing the PI of a
soil.)
 Become skilled at visual classification of soils and their suitability on site.
 Am able to use AASHTO, ASTM & ERA standards to evaluate laboratory test results.
 I am able to Aligning and marking the center line of the road.
 Now I can establish the location of different structures such as pipe culvert, box culvert, slab
culvert, bridge, retaining wall and ditch based on their designed coordinate.

Progress of the Project

Most of the construction schedules are accomplished within their time limits. In my stream (lab,
surveying and inspection) we have completed about 2.5km asphalt that includes double layer which
started from the end of our road station 87+00 is the station before new alignment is provided, Where by
other earth work and structure activities are in progress with ample quality. There is also bed preparation,
sub-base grading and base course grading.

Conclusion
Generally the second month of my internship practice was practical understanding of site activity (by
more attention to surveying and material works) and laboratory activities.
 Monthly Intern Ship Report
Executive summery

This Monthly Internship report covers the period from 27/04/2007E.C -22/05/2007E.C
and includes the Structure (Box culvert, Slab culvert, Bridge, Retaining wall and Highway
drainage) in Arbaminch - Kemba- Sawla Road Project, Lot 2: Belta - Otolo over the month
activities.

Description
The 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th week of our internship practice has changed its phase from laboratory
and material work inspection to structural part of the project, their material, production and how
to work.

Design of cross drainage

When every highway crosses a river or stream, Cross drainage works have to be provided.
Sometimes water collected by side drains can also be diverted away from the road to join natural
depression or waterway through cross drainage structure. Cross drainage structure that
constructed on this project over this month except construction of bridges are almost at finishing
level are:-

 Pipe  Slab culvert

 Box culvert  Bridge

Culvert structures
Culverts are the structure constructed to cross the road when the amounts of water in upstream of
the pipes are too much.

The culvert comprises three basic components; the inlet, the section of component and the out let.
Culverts can be installed at right angle to the road embankment or skewed across the alignments.
Where additional capacity is required multiple culverts can be install in parallel.

Highway drainage
Highway drainage is the process of removing and controlling excess surface and sub-surface
water within the right of way. It includes interception and diversion of water from the road
surface and sub-grade. In this project there is many types of highway drainages (ditches) such as
pre-cast V-ditch, U-ditch, trapezoidal ditch, Earth ditch and masonry V-ditch that we choose
them depending amount of discharge, roadway slope and benching material.
Requirements of highway drainage system

 The surface water from the carriage way and shoulder should effectively be drained off
without allowing it to percolate to sub grade.
 The surface water from the adjoining land should be prevented from entering the roadway.
 The side drain should have sufficient capacity and longitudinal slope to carry away all the
surface water collected.
 Flow of surface water across the road and shoulders and along slopes should not cause
formation of cross ruts or erosion.
 Seepage and other sources of underground water should be drained off by the sub surface
drainage system.

Spatially my 9th and 10th weeks internship practice I don’t dinned how much I satisfied upon the
site engineer Mohammed the way he shown me how box culvert work and pipe culverts installed
by sharing his launch with me and calling me in his room and teaching me how to design box
culvert, pipe culvert, slab culvert and bridges using ERA Standard manual; Standard Detail
Drawings.

Achievement

 I understand the condition we choose box culverts over the bridge where the material
under the structure is unstable or black cotton soil because of box culvert’s bottom slab,
walls, upper slab and wings act monastically. And for others box culverts over slab
culvert and slab culverts over pipe structure.

Progress of the Project

Within this month there are many structural works done specially side ditch there are many
Forman’s working side ditch within their crew supporting by three site engineers at different
places, pipe installation, retaining wall, gabion works and two box culverts with 4 and 2
openings.

Conclusion

Generally, within this month I understand the practical works of Structure (Box culvert, Slab
culvert, Bridge, Retaining wall and Highway drainage) and pre-cast, pipe, gaud post and ditch
cover.