11th

Organic Chemistry
Preparation of Alkanes
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Days Class 11th Class 12th
Monday - 4 PM
Tuesday 4 PM -
Wednesday 7:00 PM 12:30 PM & 4 PM
Thursday 4 PM -
Friday - 4 PM
Saturday 4 PM -
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CLASSIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONS
Can you Crack it !!
PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF ALKANES
1. From Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Pd or Pt
RHC = CHR + H2 ---------------> RCH2CH2R
Alkene or Raney Ni Alkane
ADDITION REACTIONS OF ALKENES
ADDITION REACTIONS OF ALKENES
2. From Alkyl halides

(i) Wurtz reaction.

dry ether
R X + 2Na + X R --------------------> R – R + 2NaX
Role of dry ether in Wurtz reaction

In Wurtz reaction sodium metal is used which is very reactive. So

selection of the solvent is done in such a way that the sodium metal
does not react with the solvent. Dry ether is a solvent which does not
react with sodium . since dry ether is a good non-polar, aprotic
solvent, so it is in Wurtz reaction.
Wurtz Reaction
Wurtz Reaction
Practice

Dry Ether
1. CH3 CH2 Br + Na
Practice
Dry Ether
2. CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - Br + Na
Practice
Dry Ether
3. CH3 - CH - Br + Na
|
CH3
Practice
CH3 CH3
Na | |
4. ? Dry Ether
CH3 - C - C - CH3
| |
CH3 CH3
Practice

The major product in the following reaction

Na
CH3 - CH - CH3 ? is
| Dry Ether
Br

A. CH3 - CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

B. CH2 - CH - CH - CH2
| |
CH3 CH3
Practice
Practice
2. From Alkyl halides
(ii) Alkyl halides (except fluorides) on reduction with zinc and dilute
hydrochloric acid give alkanes.

Zn, H+
CH3-Cl + H2 -------------> CH4 + HCl
Chloromethane Methane
 Zn, H+
C2H5 – Cl + H2 --------------> C2H6 + HCl
Chloroethane Ethane

Zn, H+
CH3CH2CH2Cl + H2 --------------> CH3CH2CH3 + HCl
1-Chloropropane Propane
Days Class 11th Class 12th
Monday - 4 PM
Tuesday 4 PM -
Wednesday 7:00 PM 12:30 PM & 4 PM
Thursday 4 PM -
Friday - 4 PM
Saturday 4 PM -
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 Step 2
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