Y.

P Patil Polytechnic College

Department of Electronics and
Communication Engg.
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Title – Serving robot utilized within the healthcare sector.

Introduction -Our project introduces a serving robot prototype tailored for the healthcare
sector, leveraging Raspberry Pi technology. As aspiring students, we’re pioneering innovative
solutions for healthcare challenges.
Through this endeavour, we aim to develop a prototype robot designed to assist in various
healthcare tasks. Drawing inspiration from line follower robot technology, our design
integrates advanced functionalities to cater to specific healthcare needs efficiently.
By combining cutting-edge robotics with healthcare expertise, our project endeavours to
contribute to the advancement of patient care and medical assistance in a novel and practical
manner.
Literature survey -The literature survey for our serving robot prototype in the healthcare
sector reveals a growing interest in robotic solutions to address various healthcare challenges.
Studies highlight the potential of robotics in enhancing patient care, streamlining tasks for
healthcare professionals, and improving overall efficiency in medical facilities. Key findings
emphasize the importance of user-friendly designs, robust navigation systems, and integration
with existing healthcare technologies.
Additionally, research indicates the need for rigorous testing and validation processes to
ensure safety and effectiveness in real-world healthcare environments.
Overall, the literature underscores the promising role of robotics in revolutionizing healthcare
delivery and underscores the significance of our project in contributing to this evolving field.

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Block Diagram :

Working :
Our project involves the development of a service robot prototype tailored for the healthcare
sector, specifically designed to assist in medication delivery within hospital premises. Central
to our design is the utilization of Raspberry Pi 4 as the primary component, supported by a
range of essential components including gear motors, L298N motor driver, ultrasonic sensor,
IR sensor, SPDT switches, 18650 Li-Ion Battery with a 3s BMS, speaker, LED, and a 12V
female socket.
The robot operates on the principle of line-following, navigating predefined paths within the
hospital environment to deliver medications to patients. The Raspberry Pi 4 serves as the
control center, orchestrating the robot’s movements and interactions with its surroundings.
This allows for precise and efficient delivery routes, enhancing overall workflow within the
healthcare facility.
To ensure safe navigation, the robot is equipped with ultrasonic and IR sensors, enabling it to
detect obstacles and avoid potential collisions. Additionally, SPDT switches provide control
functions, while the 18650 Li-Ion Battery with a 3s BMS ensures reliable power supply
throughout the robot’s operation. The integration of a speaker and LED offers communication
and feedback capabilities, enhancing user interaction and system monitoring.

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Specifications of component for the serving robot prototype:
1. Raspberry Pi 4:
- Processor: Broadcom BCM2711, Quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC
- RAM: Options include 2GB, 4GB, or 8GB LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM
- Connectivity: Dual-band (2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz) IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac wireless LAN,
Bluetooth 5.0, Gigabit Ethernet
- Ports: 2 × USB 3.0, 2 × USB 2.0, HDMI, MIPI DSI display port, MIPI CSI camera port,
3.5mm audio/video jack, CSI camera module port, DSI display module port, MicroSD card
slot
- Power: 5V/3A DC via USB-C connector
2. Gear Motors:
- Type: DC gear motors
- Speed: Variable, depending on specifications
- Torque: Variable, depending on specifications
3. L298N Motor Driver:
- Operating Voltage: 5V – 35V
- Output Current: 2A (per channel)
- Control Signal: Logic-level input (TTL compatible)
- Features: Dual H-bridge driver, PWM speed control
4. Ultrasonic Sensor:
- Operating Voltage: 5V
- Detection Range: Up to several meters
- Operating Frequency: Typically around 40 kHz
- Output: Digital signal (high/low) representing distance measurement
5. IR Sensor:
- Operating Voltage: Typically 5V
- Detection Range: Depends on model and specifications
- Output: Digital signal (high/low) indicating presence or absence of infrared radiation

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6. SPDT Switches:
- Type: Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)
- Contacts: Three terminals (common, normally open, normally closed)
- Purpose: Used for control and switching functions
7. 18650 Li-Ion Battery:
- Type: Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery
- Capacity: Typically ranges from 2000mAh to 3500mAh
- Voltage: 3.7V (nominal)
- Size: 18mm diameter, 65mm length
8. 3S BMS (Battery Management System):
- Function: Manages charging, discharging, and overall health of the battery pack
- Features: Overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, short circuit protection,
temperature monitoring
9. Speaker:
- Type: Typically a small dynamic speaker
- Impedance: Varies, commonly around 8 ohms
- Power Handling: Typically low, around 0.5W – 2W
10. LED:
- Type: Light Emitting Diode
- Color: Depends on specific LED (common colors include red, green, blue)
- Operating Voltage: Typically around 2V – 3.3V
- Current Rating: Typically around 5mA – 20mA
11. 12V Female Socket:
- Type: DC power socket
- Voltage Rating: 12V DC
- Connector Type: Female, typically accepting standard barrel plug connectors

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Cost of components

Sr.no Component Quantity Cost in Total cost

/equipment Rs.

1. Raspberry pi 4 1 5349.00 5349.00

2. Gear motors 4 160.00 640.00

3. L298N motor 2 150.00 300.00

driver
4. Ultrasonic 1 61.00 61.00
sensor
5. IR sensor 4 30.00 120.00

6. SPDT switches 2 70.00 140.00

7. 18650 Li-Lon 3 150.00 450.00

Batter
8. 3s BMS 1 150.00 150.00
9. Speaker 2 80.00 160.00

10. LED 5-10 5.00

11. 12V female 1 10.00 10.00

socket

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