BUILDING SYSTEM  Legalizes existing
DESIGN structures without
National Building Code of the Philippines
 issued on February 19, 1977
 Presidential Decree 1096
 enforcing uniform standards and
requirements on building design,
EMMANUEL P. CUNTAPAY
 Acting Executive Director, NBCDO
DANTE B. POTANTE
 Acting Deputy Executive Director
SECTION 101 GENERAL PROVISION
 These Rules shall be known and cited as the
“Revised Implementing Rules and
Regulations of the National Building Code
of the Philippines (P.D. 1096)” and shall be
referred to as the “IRR”.
SECTION 102 DECLARATION POLICY
 "Ensuring Public Welfare and
Environmental Management"
 Safeguarding life, health, property, and
public welfare.
 Implementing sound environmental
management.
 Setting minimum standards for buildings.
 Regulating location, site, design,
construction, use, occupancy, and
maintenance.
SECTION 103 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
 Covers architectural, civil/structural,
electrical, mechanical, sanitary, plumbing,
and electronics disciplines.
 Applies to design, location, construction,
alteration, repair, conversion, use,
occupancy, maintenance, moving,
demolition of public and private buildings.
 Excludes traditional indigenous family
dwellings and those covered by Batas
Pambansa Bilang 220.
permits/certificates, subject to penalties,
surcharges, fines.
SECTION 104 GENERAL BUILDING
REQUIREMENTS
 All buildings and facilities must adhere to
safe construction principles.
 Buildings designed for article/product
manufacturing must adhere to environmental
safeguards.
 All structures and facilities must be
maintained in safe, sanitary, and good
working condition.
SECTION 105 SITE REQUIREMENTS
 The construction site for a building or
structure must be sanitary, hygienic, and
safe, and must be located at a safe distance
from polluted water, air, volcanoes, or other
potential fire or explosion sources.
SECTION 106. DEFINITION
ADDITION
 Any new construction which increases the
height and/or floor area of existing
buildings/structures.
AGENCY OF THE GOVERNMENT
 Refers to any of the various units of the
government including a department, bureau,
office, instrumentality, or government
owned or controlled corporation.
ALTERATION
 Works in buildings/structures involving
changes in the materials used, partitioning,
location/size of openings, structural parts,
existing utilities and equipment but does not
increase the building height and/or floor
area.
APPLICATION FORMS
 A preformatted prescribed application form
duly accomplished and notarized by the
respective design professional with
 validation matrices related to other building
rules and regulations.
APPLICANT/PERMITTEE
 Any person, firm, partnership, corporation,
head of government or private institution,
organization of any character applying for
the issuance of permits and certificates.
BUILDING OFFICAL
 The Executive Officer of the OBO
appointed by the Secretary.
BUILDING PERMIT
 A Building Official (BO) document allows
owner/applicant to proceed with
construction, installation, renovation,
conversion, repair, moving, demolition, or
other work activity after satisfactory plans,
specifications, and notarized application
conform to the National Building Code of
the Philippines. CODE – PD 1096,
otherwise known as the National Building
Code of the Philippines.
CONSTRUCTION
 All on-site work done in the site preparation,
excavation, foundation, assembly of all the
components and installation of utilities,
machineries and equipment of
buildings/structures.
 The transfer of buildings/structures or
portion thereof from original location or
position to another, either within the same
lot or to a different one.
OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL
(OBO)
 The Office authorized to enforce the
provisions of the Code and its IRR in the
field as well as the enforcement of orders
and decisions made pursuant thereto.
EFERRAL CODES
 The applicable provisions of the various
agency and technical professional codes that
are supplementary to the Code.
RENOVATION
 Any physical change made on
buildings/structures to increase the value,
quality, and/or to improve the aesthetic.
REPAIR
 Remedial work done on any damaged or
deteriorated portion/s of building/structure
to restore to its original condition.
SECRETARY
 Head or Chief Executive Officer of DPWH.
STAFF

CONVERSION  The personnel of the National Building

Code Development Office (NBCDO).
 A change in the use or occupancy of
buildings/structures or any portion/s thereof,
which has different requirements.
DEMOLITION
 The systematic dismantling or destruction of
a building/structure, in whole or in part.
SECTION 201 RESPONSIBILITY FOR
ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
DEPARTMENT
 The administration and enforcement of the
 The Department of Public Works and provisions of the Code and this IRR,
Highways (DPWH). including the imposition of penalties for
administrative violations thereof, is hereby
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
vested in the Secretary.
 The Executive Officer or Head of the
SECTION 202 TECHNICAL STAFF
NBCDO.
MOVING
  Assist the Secretary in the administration
and enforcement of the provisions of the
Code and its IRR.
 Review, evaluate and take final action on
various technical and legal problems
forwarded to the Office of the Secretary.
 3. Conduct seminar/workshops on the
Code, its IRR, and Batas Pambansa Blg. 344
(Accessibility Law).
 4. Undertake such other duties and tasks as
may be assigned by the Secretary from time
to time.
SECTION 203 GENERAL POWERS AND
FUNCTION OF SECRETARY
 Formulating policies, plans, standards, and
guidelines for building design, construction, use,
occupancy, and maintenance.
 Issuing additional rules and regulations through
Memorandum Circulars.
 Exercising appellate jurisdiction over decisions
and orders, reviewed by the Office of the
President of the Republic.
 Evaluating, reviewing, and approving changes to
existing Referral Codes and incorporating new
ones.
 Predicting fees and charges for regulatory
functions.
 Appointing a separate Building Official in all
cities and municipalities.
SECTION 204 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
 The Secretary can secure necessary services
from National Government agencies and engage
consultants, experts, and advisers from
government or private entities to execute the
provisions of the Code and this IRR.
SECTION 205 BUILDING OFFICIALS
 Building Officials appointed or
designated by the Secretary will
continue acting until the Secretary
appoints a new official, and existing
offices may continue until a regular
office is established.
SECTION 206 QUALIFICATION OF BUILDING
OFFICIALS
 No person shall be appointed as
Building Official unless he possesses the
following qualifications:
1. A Filipino citizen and of good
moral character.
2. A duly registered architect or
civil engineer.
3. A member of good standing
of a duly accredited
organization of his profession
for not less than five (5) years
endorsed or recommended by
the accredited professional
organization.
4. Has at least five (5) years of
diversified and professional
experience in building design
and construction.
5. Has attended and
successfully completed a
seminar workshop on PD 1096
and its IRR conducted by the
DPWH.
SECTION 207 DUTIES OF THE BUILDING
OFFICIALS
 Enforces Code provisions and IRR,
including circulars, memoranda,
opinions, and decisions.
 Manages administrative control over
buildings/structures, processing permit
applications and certificates.
 Ensures design changes during
construction phase are evaluated and
necessary amendatory permits issued.
 Conducts annual building/structure
inspections and maintains status records.
SECTION 208 FEES
 The Secretary, thru Memorandum Circulars,
shall prescribe the rates of fees and
formulate guidelines in the imposition and
collection of fees.
 Subject to existing budgetary, accounting
and auditing rules and regulations, the
Building Official shall retain not more than
20% of the income/collection derived from
permit fees and other charges for the
operating expenses of his office. The
remainder of 100% shall accrue to the
general fund of the respective
city/municipality.
 Every Building Official shall keep a
permanent record and accurate account of all
 fees and other charges fixed and authorized
to be collected and received.
SECTION 209 EXEMPTION
 As used in the Code, the term “traditional
indigenous family dwelling” means a
dwelling intended for the use and occupancy
by the family of the owner only and
constructed of native materials such as
bamboo, nipa, logs, or lumber, the total cost
of which does not exceed fifteen thousand
pesos (P 15,000.00).
SECTION 210 USE OF IMCOME FROM FEES
 Recording of collections
 Disposition of collections
SECTION 211 IMPLEMENTING RULES AND
REGULATION
 In the implementation of the provisions of
the Code and its IRR, the Secretary shall
formulate necessary rules and regulations
and adopt design and construction standards
and criteria for buildings and other
structures.
SECTION 212 ADMINISTRATIVE FINES
 Imposition of Administrative Fines
The Secretary or his duly authorized
representative may prescribe and impose
fines not exceeding ten thousand pesos
(P10, 000.00) in the following cases,
 Determination of Amount of Fines
1. Light violation
2. Less grave violation
3. Grave violation
Amount of fines
Light Violations - P 5,000.00 Less
Grave Violations - P 8,000.00 Grave
Violations - P 10,000.00
Penalty
 The Building Official can impose a
100% surcharge on building fees for
construction, installation, repair,
alteration, or change in occupancy
without a permit, provided the work
is initiated pending issuance of a
Building Permit by the Building
Official.
 For failure to pay the annual
inspection fee within thirty (30)
days from the prescribed date, a
surcharge of 25% of the inspection
fee shall be imposed.
SECTION 213 PENAL PROVISIONS
 The Code prohibits any person,
firm, or corporation from
constructing, enlarging, altering, or
modifying any building or structure
in violation of its provisions.
Violations can result in a fine of up
to twenty thousand pesos,
imprisonment of up to two years, or
both. Corporations, partnerships, or
associations may face penalties for
violating the Code.
SECTION 214 DANGEROUS AND RIUNOUS
BIULDING OR STRUCTURES
 Dangerous buildings are unsafe
structures, lack safe egress, fire
hazards, or contribute to pollution
due to inadequate maintenance,
obsolescence, or abandonment,
posing a hazard to safety, health, or
public welfare.
SECTION 215 ABATEMENT OF DANGEROUS
BUILDINGS
When any building or structure is found or
declared to be dangerous or ruinous, the
Building Official shall order its repair, vacation
or demolition depending upon the degree of
danger to life, health, or safety.
1. STRUCTURAL HAZZARD
2. FIRE HAZZARD
3. UNSAFE ELLECTRICAL WIRING
 4. UNSAFE MECHANICAL
INSTALLATION
5. INADEQUATE
SANITATION/PLUMBING AND
HEALTH FACILITIES
6. ARCHITECTURAL DEFICIENCY
SECTION 216 OTHER REMEDIES
 The rights, actions and remedies
provided in the Code and in the IRR
shall be in addition to any and all
other rights of action and remedies
that may be available under existing
laws.
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
Space Planning
 the analysis of a space
(encompassing anything from a
residential home to an office to an
aged care facility)
 process of analyzing how space in
structures and rooms will be used.
Good space planning considers
possible space uses and ensures that
they're used efficiently. The process
results in a space plan, a drawing
that identifies the needs and
required elements of spaces.
Specification
 A technical specification document
is a technical design document,
software design document, or
engineering design document is a
detailed plan that outlines a software
development project’s requirements,
objectives, and constraints. It serves
as a roadmap that guides the team in
building the product, ensuring
everyone is on the same page and
working towards a common goal.
 INCLUDES:
 Functional and non-
functional requirements of
the software
 Scope of the project
 Timeline
 Internal standards
 Impact
 Work involved
 Budget
QUANTITY SURVEYING
 a profession within the construction
industry concerned with managing
and controlling costs relating to
construction projects.
ROLE OF QUANTITY SURVEYORS
Cost Management:
 Quantity surveyors are primarily
responsible for managing all aspects
of the cost involved in building and
civil engineering projects.
Procurement:
 They advise on procurement
strategies, prepare tender and
contract documents, and analyze
bids from contractors.
Value Management:
 Quantity surveyors work to optimize
value for money throughout the
project lifecycle.
Risk Management:
 They identify, assess, and manage
risks related to cost and contractual
matters.
Dispute Resolution:
 Quantity surveyors may be involved
in resolving disputes between
parties involved in construction
contracts.
Sustainability:
 They increasingly play a role in
assessing and promoting sustainable
construction practices.
KEY RESPONSIBILITIES
Cost Estimation:
 Estimating the costs involved in
materials, labor, equipment, and
other resources required for
construction projects.

Cost Planning:
 Developing budgets and cost plans
for projects, including cash flow
projections.
Tendering:
 Preparing tender documents,
evaluating bids, and recommending
contractors for selection.
Contract Administration:
 Administering contracts, including
processing payments, assessing
variations, and managing claims.
Value Engineering:
 Identifying opportunities to reduce
costs or improve value without
sacrificing quality.
Final Accounting:
 Assessing the final costs of a project
and preparing the final account for
settlement.
SKILLS AND QUALIFICATIONS
Technical Knowledge:
 Understanding of construction
methods, materials, and techniques.
Quantitative Skills:
 Proficiency in cost estimation,
measurement, and financial
analysis.
Contractual Knowledge:
 Familiarity with construction
contracts, procurement methods,
and legal frameworks.
Communication Skills:
 Ability to communicate effectively
with various stakeholders, including
clients, contractors, and project
teams.
Problem-Solving Skills:
 Capacity to identify and resolve
complex issues related to cost,
contracts, and project management.
Professional Qualifications:
 Many quantity surveyors hold
qualifications from professional
bodies such as the Royal Institution
of Chartered Surveyors (RICS).
BILL OF QUANTITIES
 a detailed breakdown of all the work that needs
to be completed in a construction project
COST ESTIMATE
 typically prepared by project managers or cost
estimators, and they are used to make budget
decisions and to track project costs.
 prediction of the total cost of a construction
project. It includes the cost of materials, labor,
equipment, and other overhead expenses.
COMPONENT OF COST ESTIMATE
Labor:
 The cost of all the labor required to
complete the project, including the cost of
workers' wages, benefits, and taxes.
Materials:
 The cost of all the materials required to
complete the project, including the cost of
the materials themselves, as well as the cost
of transportation and delivery.
Equipment:
 The cost of all the equipment required to
complete the project, including the cost of
rental or purchase, as well as the cost of
transportation and delivery.
Overhead:
 The cost of all the overhead expenses
associated with the project, such as the cost
of office space, utilities, and insurance.
Contingencies:
 A contingency fund is typically included in
cost estimates to cover any unforeseen costs
that may arise during the project.
BUILDING PERMIT
  Building permits are a type of authorization
that must be granted by a government or
other regulatory body before the
construction of a new or existing building
can legally occur.
REQUIREMENTS:
1. Barangay Clearance
2. DTI/SEC Registration
3. SSS Clearance
4. Homeowner’s Clearance for Business (if
operating in subdivision)
5.Locational Clearance (if required)
6. Fire Clearance (if required)
7. Certificate of Occupancy (if required)
8. Environmental Clearance (if required)
Caught without a building permit
1. Penalties and fines
2. Demolishing the entire project
3. Cancellation of homeowner’s insurance
4. Risking your safety
5. Having a hard time selling your property in
the future
Violators will be penalized with an
administrative fine of PHP10,000.
BUILDING ENVELOPE SYSTEM
 The building envelope is the physical
barrier between the exterior and interior
environments enclosing a structure
TIGHT
 A tight building envelope allows very few
air leaks, making it easier to control the
indoor environment
LOOSE
 A loose building envelope allows for more
natural ventilation, so more outside air can
flow inside without mechanical means
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
 to ensure strength and rigidity; providing
structural support against internal and
external loads and forces.
CLIMATE CONTROL
 to control the exchange of water, air,
condensation and heat between the interior
and exterior of the building.
FINISH
 this is for aesthetic purposes. To make the
building look attractive while still
performing support and control functions.
COMPONENTS OF BIULDING ENVELOPE
FOUNDATION
 The foundation must be able to support
the structure’s weight and the walls
must be load-bearing.
WALLS
 Along with providing support, wall
system elements resist water and
condensation, and provide thermal
energy control.
AIR
 Airtightness must be considered and
controlled in a structure to maintain
energy.
MOVEMENT
 The building envelope must be able to
move with temperature changes, volatile
weather, and ground movement.
ACOUSTIC
 Insulation should prevent external
sounds from entering the building
envelope.
DURABILITY
  Windows, doors, etc. should be placed
for functional and aesthetic purposes.
ENERGY
 The building envelope needs to resist
thermal transfer through radiation,
convection, and conduction.
FUNDAMENTAL OF PERFORMANCE
 Performance refers to the desired level
(or standard) to which the system must
be designed for a given requirement.
 The envelope in terms of performance
and function experiences a variety of
loads, including, but not limited to
structural loads, both static and
dynamic, air, heat, and moisture loads.
AESTHETICS
 Is the powerful influence on the
envelope.
FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENTS
VERTICAL
o Wall, arch beam
lintel,quoin,column,order base,
shaft
HORIZONTAL
 Plinth, floor, roof
STYLE
 Distinctive manner of expression or
fashion at a specific time in history
FORM
 Mass and shape define form.