Conclusion

Friday, September 30, 2022 11:48 PM

Canli et al
• Amygdala activation is significantly correlated with higher ratings of individually experienced emotional
intensity
• The activity in the (left) amygdala during encoding could predict subsequent memories

Dement and Kleitman

• Eye movements during REM tend to fit with what the dreamer is looking at suggesting eye movements are
not ‘random’ at all.

Schachter and Singer

• There are two factors involved when we experience emotions: a physiological/biological one and a
psychological/cognitive one

Andrade
• Doodling aids concentration. Participants who doodled concentrated better on the task than participants who
did not, as shown in the scores on the memory test (for names and places)

Baron-Cohen et al. (2001)

• The Revised ‘Eyes Test’ overcame the problems of the original version making it a valid test of social
intelligence (in adults).
• People with autism have difficulties with Theory of Mind as they cannot see the perspective of other people

Laney et al. (2008)

• It is possible to implant false beliefs and false memories for a positive childhood experience, such as liking or
loving asparagus the first time that one tried it.
• These false beliefs are associated with positive attitudinal and behavioural consequences, such as an
increased self-reported preference for asparagus, a willingness to spend more on asparagus in the grocery
store, and increased willingness to eat asparagus in a restaurant

Bandura et al
• Behaviour that is observed is likely to be imitated.

Saavedra and Silverman

• Disgust does play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of a (button) phobia
• Imagery exposure can have a positive long-term effect on reducing distress linked to phobias
• A phobia can be treated with positive reinforcement and imagery / behaviour exposure

Pepperberg
• African grey parrots have the ability to comprehend ‘same’ and ‘different’

Milgram
• Individuals appear to be much more obedient to an authority figure than we might expect
• When people are given orders to act destructively they will be experience high levels of stress/anxiety
• People will follow/listen to an authority figure even if it means harming another person
• People are willing to harm someone if responsibility is taken away/passed on to someone else

Piliavin, Rodin and Piliavin

• A person who is ‘ill’ is more likely to receive help than a person who is ‘drunk’
Yamamoto et al. (2012)
• Chimpanzees do show altruistic behaviour but they need to see the situation
• The study suggests that chimpanzees can target help; when they understand the needs of another
chimpanzee
• Chimpanzees will offer help to conspecifics but it must be direct (and not spontaneous)
• Chimpanzees will offer help to other chimpanzees but a visual assessment is needed/necessary