egocentrism

The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being.

attitude
A frame of mind in favor of or opposed to a person, policy, belief, institution, etc.

fixed-alternative questions
Questions that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives.

scale questions
Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers.

open-ended questions
Questions that allow respondents to answer however they want.