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1 (a) Study Fig. 1, a map of deforestation in Pakistan.

Fig. 1

(i) Name the areas of deforestation A and B.

[2]
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(ii) Name the desert C. [1]
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(iii) State three reasons why deforestation occurs in one of the areas shown
on Fig. 1. [3]
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(b) Study the article below from ‘Dawn’, November 4th, 2011.

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Pakistan has the highest annual deforestation rate in Asia. The forests
only cover 2.5% of the country’s land. At the time of independence they
covered 33%. If deforestation is not more strictly controlled, the country
will not be able to meet its commitment under the UN Development Goal.
This goal is to increase its forest cover to 6% by 2015.
(i) By how much has forest cover decreased since independence?
[1]
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(ii) By how much should it increase by 2015 to meet its commitment under
the UN
Development Goal?
[1]
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(c) (i)State and explain three effects of deforestation in mountainous areas.
[6]
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(ii) Explain how forests can become a source of income for the people of
rural areas. [4]
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(iii) What is meant by the term ‘sustainable forestry’?
[1]
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(d) To what extent can forestry be sustainable in Pakistan?
[6]
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2 (a) Study Fig. 2, a map of North West Frontier Province.

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Fig. 2

(i) Name area A

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(ii) Name the country B,
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(iii) Name the river C,.
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(iv) Name the range of mountains D,.
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(v) Name the major pass through these mountains E
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(b) Study Fig. 3, a bar chart showing precipitation for Peshawar.

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Fig. 3

(i) Describe the precipitation in the months from June to September.

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[3]
(ii) Explain how this precipitation is caused by the monsoon winds in these months.
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(iii) Describe the precipitation in the months from October to April.

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(iv) Which weather systems bring this precipitation?
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(v) Why does snow fall instead of rain in the winter?
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(c) Study Fig. 2 again.
(i) The distance in a straight line from Peshawar to Dir is about 135 kilometres.
Using this knowledge, state how far it is from Peshawar to Chitral in a straight line. [1]
(ii) What would the most suitable form of transport from Peshawar to Chitral be for
A a rich businessman?
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B the delivery of gas cylinders?

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C the transport of wool and hides?
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(iii) Explain the problems of maintaining infrastructure and communication in these areas all
through the year.
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SAS/APRIL18/GEO1