Course No: IPE 432 Course Title: System modeling and

simulation sessional

Project Name:

Simulation of a Hospital Unit Using Arena Simulation Software

Submitted To Group Members

Dr Abul Mukid Mohammad Mukid’s 1) Name: Mejbah Uddin

Reg. No: 2018334036
Professor, Dept. of IPE, SUST
Session: 2018-19
Muhammad Abdus Samad
Associate Professor, Dept. of IPE, SUST 2) Name: MD Shafikul Islam
Reg. No: 2018334037
Session: 2018-19
Date of Submission: 05-04-2023

Department of Industrial and Production Engineering

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

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 Contents

Objectives: 3
Introduction: 3
Steps in Simulation: 3
Procedure: 4
Data & Input Analysis: 5
Explanation of the Simulation model : 8
Results & Findings: 10
Discussion 12
Conclusion 12

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Objectives:
• To develop a simulation model based on the collected data and measure their server
utilization using ARENA software.
• To perform analysis on existing hospital unit system.
• To learn how a System can be analyzed in a real-world scenario using Arena Software.

Introduction:

System modelling and simulation are powerful tools used to understand and analyze complex systems,
ranging from physical systems such as machines and vehicles to social systems such as economic
markets, manufacturing, and healthcare systems. This report provides an overview of a system
modelling and simulation study that was conducted to better understand a specific system and to provide
insights into potential improvements that can be made.

The system being studied is a Ticket Counter of a Unit of a Hospital (MAG OSMANI MEDICAL
COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, Sylhet), which has two servers. The primary objectives of the study were to
identify queues, potential bottlenecks, and inefficiencies within the system.

To achieve these objectives, a simulation model was developed using ARENA software. The model was
designed to replicate the behavior of the system, including inputs, outputs, and decision-making
processes. The simulation model was then used to analyze various scenarios and to generate insights
into the system's behavior under different conditions.

The validation and verification process were used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation
model. This involved comparing the model's output with actual data from the system, as well as
conducting sensitivity analysis to test the model's robustness.

The results of the study provide valuable insights into the behavior of the system, including areas of
inefficiency and potential improvements. These findings can be used to inform decision-making and to
guide future improvements to the system.

Steps in Simulation:

1) Formulation of the problem and plan of study.

2) Data collection and Model Development. (Conceptual Model).

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 3) Validity test.

4) Modelling in ARENA.

5) Verification.
6) Pilot run.
7) Design of experiments.
8) Documentation.

Procedure:

The data was collected from MAG OSMANI MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, Sylhet. The
ticket counter has two counters for service. One counter for men and one for women.
Overall working procedure to analyze the systems are given below –

Step-1 Collection of the field data (e.g., customer arrival time and service time):
The data of patient arrival time and processing time for each counter was collected.

Step-2: Finding out the probability distribution that each dataset is following:

After collection of all the necessary data, it was refined and the probability distribution that each data
set was found by using Arena input analyzer.

1. First, the data was entered in excel.

2. It was merged properly.
3. Afterwards it was converted into a text file so that the data can be given input in Arena input
analyzer.

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4. Finally, the probable expression was found out using Arena input analyzer and it was also figured
out which expression represents the data more accurately.

Data & Input Analysis:

Inter-Arrival Inter-Arrival Inter-Arrival
Sl No. Data Sl No. Data Sl No. Data
1 6.28 31 2 61 12.28
2 4.49 32 25.31 62 30.54
3 2.08 33 6.09 63 9.3
4 20.58 34 5.02 64 51.01
5 1.59 35 3.46 65 18.57
6 9.01 36 10.13 66 35.04
7 17.51 37 48.02 67 6.02
8 9.36 38 9.16 68 14.07
9 13.49 39 6.59 69 65.22
10 66.2 40 25.01 70 22.35
11 37.27 41 17.17 71 12.16
12 7.23 42 2.46 72 44.13
13 0.32 43 8.13 73 7.48
14 57.32 44 13.57 74 14.14
15 53.24 45 69.24 75 26.27
16 32.37 46 35.37 76 14.04
17 15.58 47 42.17 77 20.05
18 23.31 48 13.22 78 3.31
19 8.06 49 18.08 79 37.55
20 12.01 50 9.25 80 3.03
21 6.43 51 39.02 81 40.35
22 9.19 52 26.47 82 2.07
23 1.18 53 3.38 83 90.36
24 1.19 54 3.44 84 21.19
25 49.19 55 33.12 85 21.17
26 3.02 56 3.56 86 36.31
27 7.4 57 1.1 87 11.01
28 17.53 58 9.1 88 6.51
29 13.05 59 1.13 89 48.26
30 25.34 60 11.28 90 48.31
91 8.08

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Input Analysis

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 i i

is i u
ssi

Step-3: Developing of the Simulation model for each counter using probability distribution.
Here we have developed our simulation model using modules from the project bar of the
simulation software Arena. We have used 5 different kinds of modules here to complete the model.

1. Create

2. Assign

3. Decide

4. Process

5. Dispose

Using the selected modules, the final model turned out to be as below:

Figure: Simulation Model of the ticket counter of a hospital

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Explanation of the Simulation model:

• Customer Arrival: Here customers will arrive at the ticket counter following a Beta interarrival
distribution. The expression is provided in the create module.

• Assign &Decide:

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According the condition set in Assign & decide module a data will go through either through the server
for men or through the server for women.

Process modules:

There are two process modules. One for the service center for men. One for the service center for
women. In these process modules the expression we got for the service center via input analyzer is
provided.

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Step-4: Setting up run parameters for final report and the simulation.
To run the simulation model, first we must set up the optimal environment to acquire the desired
result in the report and run the model as a replication of the real-world scenario. We will replicate
the model 10 times to minimize errors and for 6 days per replication. All the values regarding times
in the crystal report will be provided to us in minutes .

Results & Findings:

After running the simulation model 10 times within the replication parameter we are presented with
a detailed report describing various parameters of the simulation model.

Here we are represented how many entities/patients have left the 6 days replication length on average
in 10 replications of the simulation model.
This value came out to be 1073.
Entity performance:

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Value added time per patient came out to be around 0.8684 minutes and wait time is 2.1885 minutes.
Total time required is 3.0570 minutes.

Queue:

On average waiting time in queue for men’s ticket counter is 0.9753 minutes. While the waiting time
for women’s ticket counter is 5.1174. On average 2.1070 men wait in a queue in men’s ticket counter
But 4.5954 women wait in queue in women’s ticket counter which is more than double than the
number in men’s ticket

Resource Performance:

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From the scheduled utilization we can see when the resource is available the resource utilization is
83.82% for men’s ticket counter and 91.25% for women’s ticket counter. And among the patients the
number of men is 765 and women is 309. The number of men is above 70% of the total patient ,which
matches with the pattern we observed while collecting Data.

Discussion

Based on the performance analysis of the various parameters from the report we can see that
queuing time is very high for the women’s ticket counter, although the resource utilization is higher
for the women’s ticket counter. Which indicates that we need to provide more resource people for
women’s ticket counter. Although the queuing time is lower in men’s ticket counter the resource
utilization is only 83.92%. So there is room for improvement in this regard.

Conclusion

Even though our simulation model came out to be a very close replication of the real world ticket
counter a few drawbacks are holding it back from reaching its fullest accuracy. Some of these
drawbacks are the inaccuracy of gathering data. small sample size. variation of data at various times,
inability to collect data during multiple peak times etc. If these flaws are to be addressed in the future
a better approximation of performance of the ticket counter of a hospital can be made

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