1.

1 - INTRODUCTION

In this laboratory activity, student need to conduct an experiment on torsion and the
outcome from it. Torsion is the twisting of an object due to the twisting force involving
the rotation of an object around its longitudinal axis which is the course of shear
stress over the cross section. The structural material in torsion or applied torque is
the result of calculating by using the shear modulus in the Hooke’s Law which is the
angle of twist proportional to the applied torque. The material properties of shear
modulus can be whether steel, aluminium or etc.

The objective of the experiment is to determine the relationship between the applied
torque and the angle of twist to obtain the shear modulus by using the Hooke’s Law.
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the torsional strength of the
specimen, measure the shear modulus and assess brittleness and ductility.

2.1 - BASIC CONCEPT

3.1 - APPARATUS

1) Torsion experiment apparatus

2) Test specimen
3) Vernier caliper

3.2 - PROCEDURE

1. The digital protractor and the load indicator unit is switch on to warm the systems.
2. The length of the round section and diameter of the specimen is measured.
3. The torsiometer is mount approximately at the center of the specimen setting
and the dial gauge reading is set to zero.
4. The top screw that is attached to the specimen setting bar is loosen.
5. A socket is attached to the end of the specimen setting bar.
6. The specimen is placed in the socket.
7. Another socket is placed at the free end.
8. The specimen setting bar is push towards the other socket. The is push so that it
slides into the socket after it make contact with the socket. Other than that, the
handle is turn to rotate the socket slightly so that the specimen can slide into the
socket.
9. The specimen is push until the whole hexagon portion is completely inside the
socket after the socket and the specimen are in line.
10. The position of the specimen setting bar is lock by tightening the top and bottom
screws after the hexagon portion is completely inside the socket.
11. The load indicator reading is set to zero by pressing the tare button.
12. The digital protractor reading is set to zero by pressing the R button.
13. The torsiometer reading is set to zero by turning the dial indicator face.
14. The handle is turn until the load cell records a small reading which is
approximately 5 Newtons and until the specimen is tight. This is a preload
condition.
15. The load indicator, the digital protractor and the torsiometer reading is set to
zero by pressing the tare button, the R button and turning the face of the dial
gauge, respectively.
16. Torque is applied to the specimen by turning the handle.
17. The load cell, the digital protractor and the torsiometer readings is recorded
initially for every 5 divisions of the torsiometer.
18. The applied torque is increase and for each increment of the
corresponding angles of twist is recorded.
19. The torsiometer is remove when the torsiometer reading incresing rapidly to
avoid damage.
20. The load is increase continuously until the specimen breaks.
21. The experiment is to be conducted in the linear range only, the torsional stress
should not exceed 0.3 the yield stress of the material.
22. The torsiometer is remove when the specimen approaches yield.
4.1 - RESULT

4.2 - ANALYSIS

5.1 - DISCUSSION

1) The relationship between applied torque and the angle of twist is directly
proportional. The greater the applied torque the higher the angle of twist and vice
versa.

2) After testing the specimen until failure, the failure surface is ductile as the
specimen is steel. The failure surface obtain is reflect on the type of material of the
specimen as steel can not have a brittle failure surface.
6.1 - CONCLUSION

To conclude, the applied torque is directly proportional to angle of twist.Torsion

testing computations include geometrical analysis, applied torque and angle of twist
measurements, and the use of formulas to determine critical parameters like as
torsional strength and shear modulus. Accurate and significant results require
rigorous analysis, standardization, and proper apparatus. By understanding how
materials will respond to torsional loads, engineers and material scientists may make
more informed judgments about design, manufacturing, and quality assurance. Other
than that, in material science and engineering, torsion testing is an essential
instrument that helps with understanding, forecasting, and using materials in practical
situations. Its intricate nature and precision requirement are satisfied by means of
extensive standards, specialized tools, and clearly specified protocols. Torsion
testing is essential for bridging the gap between laboratory analysis and real-world
application, whether in the aerospace, automotive, medical, or any other industry that
depends on material integrity.

7.1 - REFERENCE

1) Mardoqueu M. Costa, M. 2020. Torsion Testing: A Comprehensive Guide to

Engineering Analysis. Biopdi
https://biopdi.com/torsion-testing/