1. A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa.

The tension member is 18mm thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and the
gusset plate is 19mm thick A572 steel (Fy= 290MPa, Fu=415Mpa). The clear
distance of the edge of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and gusset plate
is 97mm. Determine the design strength/nominal strength of the connection
considering hole deformation as mode of failure. Express your answer in KN in 2
decimal places.

Solution: if nominal 2.4 Fu d t (hole deformation), 1.2 Fu lc t (shear tear-out)

lc = le – dhole/2
if design ∅ = 0.75
Answer divided by 1000

2. Two 10mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from
AISC requirement, what is the minimum size of weld allowed? 5 mm

3. As per code provision, the center to center spacing between bolts is preferably
___. 3* bolt diameter

4. The allowable shearing strength of weld metal is taken as ___ of Fexx. 60%

5. Two 12mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from
AISC requirement, what is the maximum size of weld allowed? 10 mm

6. ___ is a type of fastener installed by heating to a light cherry-red color, inserting it

into a hole and then applying pressure to the preformed head while at the same
time squeezing the plain end to form a rounded head. Rivet

7. On a fillet weld, the normal distance from the root to the theoretical face of the
weld is called the __ of the weld. Throat

8. Fillet welds are weaker in shear than in tension and compression. True

9. (True or False). Connecting unusual members such as pipes is easier by welding

than by bolting. True

10. The effective area of fillet welds shall be taken as the effective length times the
effective throat thickness. True
11. The effective area of fillet welds shall be taken as the effective length times the
effective size of the weld. False

12. What is the tensile strength of an E60XX electrode? 415 Mpa

13. A simple steel connection uses 6-16 mm diameter bolts with Fv = 203MPa. The
tension member is A36 steel (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa) and the gusset plate
is A572 steel (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415 Mpa). Determine the design strength of
the connection considering shear on bolts as mode of failure. Express your
answer in KN in 2 decimal places.
Solution:
Number of bolts * Fv * π*(dbolt)^2/4

14. A 150mm x 7.8mm steel plate is to be used as a tension member as shown. The
steel is A36 with Fy=248MPa and Fu=400MPa. The plate is bolted using 6-20mm
diameter bolts with nominal shear stress, Fnv of 375MPa. If the ratio of its liveload
to deadload is 2.40, calculate the maximum service liveload in KN that the
connection can carry considering a.) bearing alone, b.) bolt shear alone?

Solution:

a.) Shear Tear-out edge = 1.2 (400) (40-(20+2)/2) (7.8) = 108.576

 Shear Tear-out middle = 1.2 (400) (60-(20+2)) (7.8) = 142.272

Shear Tear-out third = 1.2 (400) (80-(20+2)) (7.8) = 217.152

Hole Deformation = 2.4 (400) (20) (7.8) = 149.760

Rn = 2(108.576) + 2(142.272) + 2(149.760) = 801.216

0.75 Rn = 1.2DL + 1.6(2.4DL) → Ans = (DL + LL)/1000

b.) 0.75*Fnv*π*(dbolt)^2/4*Number of bolts = 1.2DL + 1.6(2.4DL) → Ans = (DL +

LL)/1000

15. An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds
AB, CD and DE. The fillet weld is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile
strength of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm) is changed to 58mm
and length of welds AB and DE are 276mm and 193mm respectively, calculate
the eccentricity in millimeters of the applied load Pu shown. Express your answer
in 2 decimal places. Note: Length of welds are not drawn into scale.

𝐿𝐶𝐷
Solution: 𝐿𝑇 𝑦 = 𝐿𝐴𝐵 (100) + 𝐿𝐶𝐷 ( ) → ⅇ = 𝑦 − 29
2
/;oc
16. An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds
AB, CD and DE. The fillet weld is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile
strength of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm) is changed to 58mm
and length of welds AB and DE are 276mm and 193mm respectively, calculate
the design strength in Newtons per millimeter length of weld. Express your answer
in 2 decimal places. Note: Length of welds are not drawn into scale.
 Solution:
0.75 * 0.707 * weld size * 0.6* 415

17. An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds AB,
CD and DE. The fillet weld is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile strength
of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm) is changed to 43mm and length of
welds AB and DE are 259mm and 155mm respectively, calculate the magnitude of
shear force a.) due to direct load alone, b.) due to moment alone, c.) due to
eccentric load in Newtons per millimeter length of weld. Express your answer in 2
decimal places.
Solution:
a.) Pu/Lt = 185/(43+259+155)
𝐿2
b.) T = Pu*e=185(ybar-29) , J = 𝛴[𝐿(12 + 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 )]
𝑇𝑦 𝑇𝑥
𝑅𝑇𝑥 = , 𝑅𝑇𝑦 =
𝐽 𝐽

Pu = √(𝑅𝑇𝑥 )2 + (𝑅𝑇𝑦 )2
c.) Pu = √(𝛴𝑅𝑥 )2 + (𝛴𝑅𝑦 )2 (components from both direct and moment)

18. From the given connection below, P=89KN, x=210mm, y=147mm and z=98mm,
calculate the maximum shear force on welds a.) due to direct load alone, b.)
due to moment alone, c.) due to eccentric load in N/1mm length? Express
your answer in 2 decimal places.
 Solution:
a.) Pu/Lt = 89000/2(210)
210^2 98
b.) T = Pu (e) = 89000*(210/2+147), J = 2(210( + (0)2 + ( 2 )2 ))
12
𝑇(210/2 2 𝑇(98/2) 2
Pu = √( ) +( )
𝐽 𝐽

𝑇(210/2) 89000 𝑇(98/2) 2

c.) Pu = √( + 2(210))2 + ( )
𝐽 𝐽

19. From the given figure below, if the given P=106KN, e=273mm, a=139mm and
b=111mm, calculate the maximum shear force on bolts a.) due to direct load
alone, b.) due to moment alone c.) due to eccentric load in KN? Express
your answer in 2 decimal places.
Solution:
a.) Pu/N = 106/4
139 111 2
b.) T = Pu (e) = 106000 (273), J = 4(( 2 )2 +( ) )
2
𝑇(139/2) 2 𝑇(111/2) 2
Pu = √( ) +( ) = Ans/1000
𝐽 𝐽

𝑇(139/2) 106000 2 𝑇(111/2) 2

c.) Pu = √( + ) +( ) = Ans/1000
𝐽 4 𝐽
• Determination of the thickness of a column base plate requires consideration of ______.
Flexure

• Determination of the width of a beam bearing plate requires consideration of ______. Bearing

• Which of the following causes web buckling in plate girder? Diagonal compression

• Which of the following is true about web crippling? web crippling is buckling of web caused
by compressive force delivered through flange

• occurs when the compressive stress on a horizontal section through the web reaches the yield
point. Web yielding

• A 25mm thick A36 rectangular steel base plate B=539mm x N=685mm rests on a 778mm
square concrete pedestal with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A50 W14x53 steel
column with d=354mm and bf=205mm . Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design
strength in KN based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
685/539 = 778/z ; z = 612.1781022
778𝑧
0.65(0.85x21x539x685)(√539(685) ) = ____/1000

• Calculate the design strength of 15mm thick column base plate based on bearing if the base
plate has the same area of the pedestal. The pedestal is made of 27MPa concrete, 235mm in
diameter. Express your answer in KN in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
full area → 0.65(0.85x27x𝜋(235/2)2 = ____/1000

• A W12x26 (tf = 9.65 mm, tw = 5.6 mm and d = 300 mm) beam rests on a concrete wall with
fc’=21MPa. The beam is A36 steel with Fy = 248 MPa. Calculate the required length of an A36
bearing plate in millimeters if its nominal strength against web crippling is 230KN. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
Use Case 2 of Web Crippling and solve for lb
𝑙
Check if 𝑑𝑏 ≤ 0.2. If not, use 2nd formula for case 2

4𝑙𝑏 5.6 1.5 200000 × 248 × 9.65

230 × 103 = 0.40(5.6)2 (1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) )√
300 9.65 5.6
𝒍𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖𝟏. 𝟖𝟐 𝒎𝒎

• A simply supported beam having a web thickness of 19mm carries a concentrated load at the
mid span . The base plate placed directly under the load is used to prevent web yielding and
has a length of 457mm. Compute the ultimate concentrated load in KN that the beam section
could carry to prevent web yielding if the distance measured from the outer flange face to the
top of the fillet toe is 32mm. Use A36 steel with Fy=248Mpa. Express your answer in 1 decimal
place.
 Solution:
phi(Rn) = phi(Fy)(tw)(5k + lb) = (1.0)(248)(19)(5(32)+457)/1000 = ____

• An A36 (Fy=248MPa) WF beam is supported at its end supports by an A53 (Fy=241MPa)

bearing plate with length lb=377mm, width B=252mm and thickness t=31mm on a concrete
wall on full area. The properties of the beam section are as follows: d=253.49mm, tw=8.64mm,
bf=254mm, tf=14.22mm, k=38.05mm, Sx=895x103 mm3. Concrete fc’ = 22.8MPa. Calculate
the ULTIMATE end beam reaction in KN considering that the design bending strength on steel
bearing plate will not be exceeded. Express your answer in 2 decimal places. Hint: Use the
derived thickness formula, t2=(2.22Ru n2)/(B lb Fy).

Solution:
Direct substitution to the formula given

• A 17mm thick A50 circular steel base plate 559mm diameter rests on a rectangular concrete
pedestal 685x750mm with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A36 W14x53 steel column
with d=354mm and bf=205mm . Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design strength in
KN based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
A1 = 𝜋(559/2)2
A2 = 𝜋(685/2)2
𝐴2
phi(Pp) = 0.65(0.85x21xA1)(√𝐴1 ) = ____/1000

•
• Determination of the thickness of a column base plate requires consideration of ______.
Flexure

• Determination of the width of a beam bearing plate requires consideration of ______. Bearing

• Which of the following causes web buckling in plate girder? Diagonal compression

• Which of the following is true about web crippling? web crippling is buckling of web caused
by compressive force delivered through flange

• occurs when the compressive stress on a horizontal section through the web reaches the yield
point. Web yielding

• A 25mm thick A36 rectangular steel base plate B=539mm x N=685mm rests on a 778mm
square concrete pedestal with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A50 W14x53 steel
column with d=354mm and bf=205mm . Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design
strength in KN based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
685/539 = 778/z ; z = 612.1781022
778𝑧
0.65(0.85x21x539x685)(√539(685) ) = ____/1000

• Calculate the design strength of 15mm thick column base plate based on bearing if the base
plate has the same area of the pedestal. The pedestal is made of 27MPa concrete, 235mm in
diameter. Express your answer in KN in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
full area → 0.65(0.85x27x𝜋(235/2)2 = ____/1000

• A W12x26 (tf = 9.65 mm, tw = 5.6 mm and d = 300 mm) beam rests on a concrete wall with
fc’=21MPa. The beam is A36 steel with Fy = 248 MPa. Calculate the required length of an A36
bearing plate in millimeters if its nominal strength against web crippling is 230KN. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
Use Case 2 of Web Crippling and solve for lb
𝑙
Check if 𝑑𝑏 ≤ 0.2. If not, use 2nd formula for case 2

4𝑙𝑏 5.6 1.5 200000 × 248 × 9.65

230 × 103 = 0.40(5.6)2 (1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) )√
300 9.65 5.6
𝒍𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖𝟏. 𝟖𝟐 𝒎𝒎

• A simply supported beam having a web thickness of 19mm carries a concentrated load at the
mid span . The base plate placed directly under the load is used to prevent web yielding and
has a length of 457mm. Compute the ultimate concentrated load in KN that the beam section
could carry to prevent web yielding if the distance measured from the outer flange face to the
top of the fillet toe is 32mm. Use A36 steel with Fy=248Mpa. Express your answer in 1 decimal
place.
 Solution:
phi(Rn) = phi(Fy)(tw)(5k + lb) = (1.0)(248)(19)(5(32)+457)/1000 = ____

• An A36 (Fy=248MPa) WF beam is supported at its end supports by an A53 (Fy=241MPa)

bearing plate with length lb=377mm, width B=252mm and thickness t=31mm on a concrete
wall on full area. The properties of the beam section are as follows: d=253.49mm, tw=8.64mm,
bf=254mm, tf=14.22mm, k=38.05mm, Sx=895x103 mm3. Concrete fc’ = 22.8MPa. Calculate
the ULTIMATE end beam reaction in KN considering that the design bending strength on steel
bearing plate will not be exceeded. Express your answer in 2 decimal places. Hint: Use the
derived thickness formula, t2=(2.22Ru n2)/(B lb Fy).

Solution:
Direct substitution to the formula given

• A 17mm thick A50 circular steel base plate 559mm diameter rests on a rectangular concrete
pedestal 685x750mm with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A36 W14x53 steel column
with d=354mm and bf=205mm . Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design strength in
KN based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
A1 = 𝜋(559/2)2
A2 = 𝜋(685/2)2
𝐴2
phi(Pp) = 0.65(0.85x21xA1)(√𝐴1 ) = ____/1000

•
• From the given graph below on nominal shear strength of steel beams, the limit state
that is described in the encircled red region is web _____. inelastic buckling

• Which of the following does not affect the shape factor of steel sections? Grade of steel

• Which of the following gives the shape factor of a channel beam section about its minor
axis? 1.8

• Which of the following gives the shape factor of a circular beam section? 1.7

• A wide flange section has shear stress diagram that varies parabolically with depth

• Compact section will ensure that compression flange of steel beam is restrained from
moving laterally. True

• Generally, the mode/s of failure of Wide-Flange beam is/are by yielding of tension

flange and buckling of compression flange

• Which of the following statements is not true about intermediate web stiffeners? they
reduce shear capacity of web

• In beam design, sections are proportioned as such that _____ to achieve economy.
moment of inertia about principal axis normal to the web is considerable larger
than moment of inertia about principal axis parallel to the web

• Which of the following gives the shape factor of a rectangular beam section? 1.5

• which of the following gives the shape factor of a wide flange beam section about its
major axis? 1.14

• The value of the moment gradient multiplier, Cb for a simple beam of 4m span with
concentrated loads of 10KN each at quarter points is ___. Express your answer in 3
decimal places. 1.136
 Solution:

• Which of the following gives the shape factor of a wide flange beam section about its
major axis? 1.14

• Local web buckling can occur on plate girders due to diagonal compression

• A 4.2m simple beam carries a uniform ultimate load Wu. The beam is compact with lateral
supports only at end points. The properties of the section are: rx=105.16mm, ry=22.2mm,
Sx=308000mm^3, Sy=35000mm^3, Zx=354000mm^3, Zy=55000mm^3, Lp=1110mm,
Lr=8500mm, Cb=1.14 and Fy=248MPa. Calculate the ultimate load capacity Wu of the
beam in KN/m. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:

𝑊𝐿2 𝑊(4200)2
ΦMn = 8
→ 0.9(83,691,232.86) = 8
→ Wu = 34.160 KN/m
• A 10.7m simple beam carries a uniform ultimate load Wu. The beam is compact with lateral
supports only at end points. The properties of the section are: rts=25.67mm, ho=264mm,
c=1.0, J=90848 mm4, Zx=355x103mm3, Shape Factor, SF=1.15, Lp=1,582mm,
Lr=8421mm, Cb=1.14 and Fy=248Mpa. Calculate the design strength of the beam in KN-
M. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
𝑍𝑥
𝑆𝑥 =
𝑆𝐹

𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 0.9( __ ) ÷ 106 𝑘𝑁𝑚

• A 7.7m WF simple floor beam is laterally supported at the ends and at quarter points. The
beam carries a concentrated service live load “P” at the midspan. The properties of WF
section are A=8,996mm2, ho=396mm, Sx=1,153x103mm3, Iy=15.2x106mm4, c=1.0,
J=440,823mm4, Fy=299MPa. Neglecting beam self-weight, calculate the limiting length
of the beam in MILLIMETERS over which there is elastic lateral-torsional buckling
occurring. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
Solve Lr given by:

Lr = ____ mm (use excel)

• An A36 WF cantilever floor beam with span of 5.9m carries a factored deadload of 30KN
and a factored liveload of 68KN at free end. Calculate the required moment of inertia in
mm4 of the beam against deflection requirement. Round off your answer in whole number.

Solution:
Δ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = Δ𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝐿 𝑃𝐿3
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐷 + 𝐿) = (𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 3)
240 3𝐸𝐼
30 68
5900 (1.2 + 1.6)(1000)(5900)3
= → 𝐼 = ____𝒎𝒎𝟒
240 (3)(200000)(𝐼)
• Which of the following statements is not true about section compactness? slender
sections are preferred in hot rolled structural steelwork

• Which of the following statements is true about beam sections? in case of hot rolled
section, high thickness of plate is adopted to prevent local buckling

• Shear requirement on beam design will usually not prevail on which condition? beam is
simply supported

• St. Venant’s constant commonly known as torsional constant is given by ∑biti3/3

• In preventing web buckling on WF beam, which of the following is true? reducing depth-
to-thickness ratio

• A flexural member is fabricated from two flange plates 200 mm x 12 mm thick and a web
plate 400 mm x 10 mm thick and is bent about its strong axis. Fy=414 MPa. Which of the
following is true regarding its compactness? flange is compact and web is compact

• Which of the following greatly affects the nominal shear strength of I-shaped beam? area
of web

• Unsupported steel beams will have a nominal flexural strength governed by lateral
torsional buckling

• Fully supported steel beams will have a nominal flexural strength governed by yield
stress

• It is a flexural member that usually carries loads coming from walls over an opening of a
window or door. Lintels

• What is lateral torsional buckling? buckling of beam loaded in plane of its strong axis
and buckling about its weaker axis accompanied by twisting

• Plastic moment of steel beams is defined as Mp=ZpFy

• If the moment within the unbraced length of the beam is uniform or constant, the lateral-
torsional buckling modification factor is always equal to 1. True

• Deflection is a strength limit state, so deflections should always be computed with

service loads. False

• Shape factor is SF = Zp/Ze

• A built-up tee-shape beam section consists of 2 steel plates, 7⁄8-in. × 10-in. flange and a
1-in. × 12-in. web. The yield stress Fy is 50 ksi. Calculate the yield moment in Kip-ft.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
ℎ = 12 + 0.875 = 12.875 𝑡𝑤 = 1
𝑏 = 10 𝑡𝑓 = 0.875
Sx = ____ (use online calc for Tee (T) Section)

My = FySx = (50 ksi)(____ in^3) = _____ kip-in x 0.083333 = ____ kip-ft

• 3.1m propped cantilever beam carries a total service load of "w" KN/m. The WF beam has
the following properties: d=447.9mm, tw=9.1mm, bf=178mm, tf=14.4mm, k=31.8,
Fy=250MPa. Calculate the maximum "w" in KN/m that the beam can carry against shear
requirement? Round off your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
Cv = 1.0, Φ = 1.0
ΦVn = Φ(0.6)(Fy)(Aw)(Cv) = [(1.0)(0.6)(250)(d*tw)(1.0)]/1000 = ____ KN
5𝑊𝑢(3.1)
_____𝐾𝑁 =
8

• A 9m WF simple floor beam is laterally supported at the ends. The beam carries a uniform
service live load “w” at its span. The properties of WF section are A=8,504mm2,
ho=391mm, Sx=1,166x103mm3, Iy=14.1x106mm4, c=1.0, J=440,572mm4, Fy=296MPa.
Neglecting beam self-weight, calculate the upper limit on width-to-thickness ratio for
compact web category. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
𝐸
λ𝑝 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑒𝑏 = 3.76√
𝐹𝑦
• A floor system is supported by WF A36 steel beams 7.7m long and spaced 3.7m on
centers. The beams are simply supported at their ends and are laterally supported over
their entire span. Assume compact section and neglect beam self-weight. The properties
of the beam section are: d=543mm, tw=48mm, bf=316mm, tf=50mm, k=74mm, shape
factor SF=1.20, Sx=8,434x103mm3. Use allowable deflection (1/360) of beam span.
Calculate the ULTIMATE floor load in KPa that the beam can carry against SHEAR.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places

Solution:
Cv = 1.0, Φ = 1.0
ΦVn = Φ(0.6)(Fy)(Aw)(Cv) = [(1.0)(0.6)(248)(d*tw)(1.0)]/1000 = ____ KN
_____ KN = Wu(7.7)/2 → Wu = ____ KN/m
FL = Wu/3.7 = ___ KPa

• A floor system is supported by WF A36 steel beams 7.6m long and spaced 3.4m on
centers. The beams are simply supported at their ends and are laterally supported over
their entire span. Assume compact section and neglect beam self-weight. The properties
of the beam section are: d=511mm, tw=38mm, bf=299mm, tf=58mm, k=76mm, shape
factor SF=1.20, Sx=8,440x103mm3. Use allowable deflection (1/360) of beam span.
Calculate the SERVICE floor load in KPa that the beam can carry against DEFLECTION.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

Solution:
𝐼𝑥 𝐿 5𝑤𝐿4 𝑤
𝑆𝑥 = = ______ ; = → 𝐹𝐿 = ____𝑲𝑷𝒂
𝑑 360 384 𝐸𝐼 3.4
2

• A floor system is supported by WF A36 steel beams 7.1m long and spaced 3.9m on
centers. The beams are simply supported at their ends and are laterally supported over
their entire span. Assume compact section and neglect beam self-weight. The properties
of the beam section are: d=588m, tw=35mm, bf=300mm, tf=54mm, k=73mm, shape factor
SF=1.20, Sx=8,492x103mm3. Use allowable deflection (1/360) of beam span. Calculate
the SERVICE floor load in KPa that the beam can carry against FLEXURE. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.
Solution:
Calculate ΦMn (partially supported) then equate to WuL^2/8

𝐿𝑏 − 𝐿𝑝
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) ( )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝 (𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑙); 𝐶𝑏 = 1.14
𝐿𝑟 − 𝐿𝑝
𝑊𝑢𝐿2
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = → 𝑊𝑢 = ___
8
𝑊𝑢
𝐹𝐿 = = _____𝑲𝑷𝒂
3.9
• A flexural member with an isosceles triangular cross section has a base of 116mm and
height of 215mm. Calculate the distance of the plastic neutral axis from the base of the
section in millimeters? Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝐴𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 =
2
1
1 (116)(215)
xy = 2
→Eq. 1
2 2

𝑥 215
𝑦
= 116 →Eq. 2

215 – x = 63.277 mm

• A flexural member is fabricated from two flange plates 242 mm x 14 mm thick and a web
plate 388 mm x 18 mm thick and is bent about its strong axis. Fy = 248 Mpa. Calculate
the design strength of the section, in kNm, if the beam is laterally supported on its full
span. Express your answer in 2 decimal places

Solution:
𝑏𝑓 = 242 𝑑 = 388 + 2(14) = 416
𝑡𝑓 = 14 𝑡𝑤 = 18
𝑍𝑥 = 𝐴1 𝑦1 + 𝐴2 𝑦2 = 2.03942𝑥106 (𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢)
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 0.9[(248)(2.03942𝑥106 )] ÷ 106 = 𝟒𝟓𝟓. 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟒 𝒌𝑵𝒎

• A 9m WF simple floor beam is laterally supported at the ends and at third points. The
beam carries a concentrated service live load “P” at the midspan. The properties of WF
section are A=8,544 mm2, ho=380mm, Sx=1,163x103mm3, Iy=13.6x106mm4, c=1.0,
J=440,959mm4, Fy=391Mpa. Neglecting beam self-weight, calculate the maximum
limiting length of the beam in METERS at which the beam is considered laterally
supported. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

Solution:
𝐼𝑦
Get 𝑟𝑦 = √𝐴 = ___ mm
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

Lp/1000 = ____m
 QUIZ 2 - COLUMN BASE PLATES & BEAM BEARING PLATES

1. A 4.2m simple beam carries a uniform ultimate load Wu. The beam is compact with lateral
supports only at end points. The properties of the section are: rx=105.16mm, ry=22.2mm,
Sx=308000mm^3, Sy=35000mm^3, Zx=354000mm^3, Zy=55000mm^3, Lp=1110mm,
Lr=8500mm, Cb=1.14 and Fy=248MPa. Calculate the ultimate load capacity Wu of the beam in
KN/m. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.
𝐿𝑏 − 𝐿𝑝
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) ( )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝
𝐿𝑟 − 𝐿𝑝
Using Excel: 𝑀𝑛 = 83,721,999.85
𝑤𝐿2 w(4200)2
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = → 0.9(83,721,999.85) = → 𝑾𝒖 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟕𝟐
8 8

2. A W12x26 (tf = 9.65 mm, tw = 5.6 mm and d = 300 mm) beam rests on a concrete wall with
fc’=21MPa. The beam is A36 steel with Fy = 248 MPa. Calculate the required length of an A36
bearing plate in millimeters if its nominal strength against web crippling is 230KN. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.
1.5
2
4𝑙𝑏 𝑡𝑤 𝐸𝐹𝑦 𝑡𝑓
𝑅𝑛 = 0.4𝑡𝑤 [1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) ]√
𝑑 𝑡𝑓 𝑡𝑤

4𝑙𝑏 5.6 1.5 200,000(248)(9.65)

230𝑥103 = 0.4(5.6)2 (1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) √ → 𝒍𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖𝟏. 𝟖𝟐
300 9.65 5.6

3. Calculate the design strength of 15mm thick column base plate based on bearing if the base
plate has the same area of the pedestal. The pedestal is made of 27MPa concrete, 235mm in
diameter. Express your answer in KN in 3 decimal places.
𝜙𝑝 𝑃𝑝 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴1
235 2
0.65(0.85)(27) (𝜋 ( 2 ) )
= = 𝟔𝟒𝟕. 𝟎𝟐𝟔
1000

4. What is the resistance factor for bending stress limit state on steel column base plate? Express
your answer in %.
90
5. A 25mm thick A36 rectangular steel base plate B=535mm x N=651mm rests on a 745mm
square concrete pedestal with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A50 W14x53 steel column
with d=354mm and bf=205mm. Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design strength in KN
based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
𝐴2 = 745𝑍2
𝐴 𝑍2 535
𝜙𝑝 𝑃𝑝 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴1 √𝐴2 =
1 745 651
𝑍2 = 612.250384 < 745 𝑜𝑘!
456,126.5361
= (0.65)(0.85(21)(535𝑥651)√ ) ÷ 103 𝐴2 = 745 (612.250384) = 456,126.5361
(535)(651)
4624.466438

6. A 17mm thick A50 circular steel base plate 559mm diameter rests on a rectangular concrete
pedestal 685x750mm with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A36 W14x53 steel column with
d=354mm and bf=205mm. Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the nominal strength in KN
based on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
5368.222169
𝜋
𝐴2 𝜋(559)2 (685)2
′
𝑃𝑝 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 𝐴1 √ = 0.85(21) ( 4
) √𝜋 ÷ 103 → 𝑷𝒑 = 𝟓𝟑𝟔𝟖. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟔𝟗 𝒌𝑵
𝐴1 4 (559)2
4

7. A 25mm thick A50 circular steel base plate 596mm diameter rests on a rectangular concrete
pedestal 657x750mm with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A36 W14x53 steel column
with d=354mm and bf=205mm . Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design strength in KN
based on steel plate bending. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
For Circular base plate: CHOOSE LARGEST
2𝑃𝑢 l
𝑡𝐿𝑅𝐹𝐷 ≥ 𝑙
√ 𝜋(𝐷)2 𝐷 − 0.8𝑏𝑓 596 − 0.8(205)
0.9 ( ) 𝐹𝑦 𝑛= = = 216
4 2 2
𝐷 − 0.95𝑏𝑓 596 − 0.95(205)
2𝑃𝑢 𝑚= = = 200.625
(25 = 216 ) ÷ 103 2 2
√ 𝜋(596)2 1 1
0.9 ( 4 ) (345) 𝑛′ = √𝑑𝑏𝑓 = √(354)(205) = 67.34704893
4 4
𝑷𝒖 = 𝟓𝟖𝟎. 𝟐𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟔𝟗 𝒌𝑵

8. Calculate the most economical length, N in mm of column base plate if B=398mm to support a
WF column with d=391.6mm and bf=349.6mm. Give exact dimension and round off your answer
in 2 decimal places.
𝑁 − 0.95𝑑 𝑁 − 0.95(391.6) Since m = n
𝑚= = 𝑁 − 372.02 = 𝐵 − 279.68
2 2
𝐵 − 0.8𝑏𝑓 𝐵 − 0.8(349.6) 𝑁 = 𝐵 + 92.34
𝑛= = 𝑁 = 398 + 92.34 = 𝟒𝟗𝟎. 𝟑𝟒
2 2
9. A 40mm thick A50 circular steel base plate 596mm diameter rests on a rectangular concrete
pedestal 692x750mm with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A36 W14x53 steel column with
d=354mm and bf=205mm. Fy of A50 steel is 345 MPa. Calculate the design strength in KN based
on concrete bearing. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
𝐴2
596 2 𝜙𝑝 𝑃𝑝 = (0.65)0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴1 √
𝐴1 = 𝜋 ( ) = 278,985.994 𝐴1
2
2
692
𝐴2 = 𝜋 ( ) = 376,098.9061 376098.9061
2 (0.65) (0.85(21)(278985.994)√ ) ÷ 103
278985.994

𝝓𝒑 𝑷𝒑 = 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟖. 𝟑𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟗𝟖 𝒌𝑵

10. An A36 rectangular steel base plate B=283mm x N=402mm rests on a 739mm square
concrete pedestal with fc’ = 21MPa. The base plate carries an A50 WF steel column with
d=354mm and bf=205mm. The column service loads are DL=274KN and LL=445KN. Fy of A36
and A50 steel are 248MPa and 345MPa respectively. Calculate the required thickness in mm
using ASD based on plate bending. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

2𝑃𝑎 CHOOSE LARGEST l

𝑡𝐴𝑆𝐷 ≥ 𝑙 √ 𝐵 − 0.8𝑏𝑓 283 − 0.8(205)
1 𝑛= = = 59.5
(1.67) 𝐵𝑁 𝐹𝑦 2 2
𝑁 − 0.95𝑑 402 − 0.95(354)
𝑚= = = 32.85
2(274 + 445)𝑥103 2 2
= (67.34704893)√ 1 1
1 𝑛′ = √𝑑𝑏𝑓 = √(354)(205) = 67.34704893
(1.67) (283)(402)(248)
4 4
𝒕 = 𝟏𝟗. 𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟐𝟔𝟑𝟎𝟔

11. What is the safety factor, ASD for column baseplate against bearing stress limit state?

2.31

12. Determination of the thickness of a column base plate requires consideration of ____.
Flexure
❖ Determination of the width of a beam bearing plate requires consideration of ______.
Bearing

13. An A36 (Fy=248MPa) WF beam is supported at its end supports by an A53 (Fy=241MPa)
bearing plate with length lb=325mm, width B=222mm and thickness t=39mm on a concrete wall
on full area. The properties of the beam section are as follows: d=253.49mm, tw=8.64mm,
bf=254mm, tf=14.22mm, k=34.32mm, Sx=895x103 mm3. Concrete fc’ = 26.8MPa. Calculate the
ULTIMATE end beam reaction in KN considering that the design bearing strength on concrete
wall will not exceeded. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
1068.33
𝜙𝑝 𝑃𝑝 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴1 = 0.65(0.85(26.8)(222)(325)) ÷ 103 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟖. 𝟑𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟓 𝒌𝑵
14. A simply supported beam having a web thickness of 19mm carries a concentrated load at the
mid span. The base plate placed directly under the load is used to prevent web yielding and has
a length of 483mm. Compute the ultimate concentrated load in KN that the beam section could
carry to prevent web yielding if the distance measured from the outer flange face to the top of the
fillet toe is 30mm. Use A36 steel with Fy=248Mpa. Express your answer in 1 decimal place.
𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑡𝑤 (5𝑘 + 𝑙𝑏 )
𝑅𝑛 = 1.0(248)(8.64)(5(34.32) + 325) ÷ 103 = 𝟐𝟗𝟖𝟐. 𝟔𝟗𝟔

15. An A36 (Fy=248MPa) WF beam is supported at its end supports by an A53 (Fy=241MPa)
bearing plate with length lb=366mm, width B=204mm and thickness t=37mm on a concrete wall
on full area. The properties of the beam section are as follows: d=253.49mm, tw=8.64mm,
bf=254mm, tf=14.22mm, k=31.91mm, Sx=895x103 mm3. Concrete fc’ = 26.3MPa. Calculate the
ULTIMATE end beam reaction in KN considering that the design bending strength on steel
bearing plate will not be exceeded. Express your answer in 2 decimal places. Hint: Use the
derived thickness formula, t2=(2.22Ru n2)/(B lb Fy).
2
204 − 2(31.91)
2.22 𝑅𝑢 𝑛2 𝐵 − 2𝑘 √2.22 𝑅𝑢 ( 2
)
𝑡=√ 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑛 = → 37 = ÷ 103
𝐵 𝑙𝑏 𝐹𝑦 2 204(366)(241)
𝑹𝒖 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟖. 𝟕𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟏𝟑 𝒌𝑵

16. A W12x26 (tf = 9.65 mm, tw = 5.6 mm and d = 300 mm) beam rests on a concrete wall with
fc’=21MPa. The beam is A36 steel with Fy = 248 MPa. Calculate the required length of an A36
bearing plate in millimeters if its nominal strength against web crippling is 230KN. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.
1.5
2
4 𝑙𝑏 𝑡𝑤 𝐸 𝐹𝑦 𝑡𝑓
𝑅𝑛 = 0.4𝑡𝑤 [1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) ]√
𝑑 𝑡𝑓 𝑡𝑤

4(𝑙𝑏 ) 5.6 1.5 200,000(248)(9.65)

→ 230𝑥103 = 0.4(5.6)2 [1 + ( − 0.2) ( ) ]√ → 𝒍𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖𝟏. 𝟖𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟏𝟒𝟑
300 9.65 5.6

17. What is the safety factor, ASD for beam bearing plate against web crippling limit state?
2

18. Which of the following causes web buckling in plate girder?

a) diagonal tension
b) diagonal compression
c) diagonal tension and diagonal compression
d) neither diagonal tension nor diagonal compression

19. What is the resistance factor, LRFD for beam bearing plate against web yielding limit state?
1

20. Which of the following is true about web crippling?

web crippling is buckling of flange caused by tensile force delivered through web
web crippling is buckling of web caused by tensile force delivered through flange
web crippling is buckling of flange caused by compressive force delivered through web
web crippling is buckling of web caused by compressive force delivered through flange

❖ occurs when the compressive stress on a horizontal section through the web reaches
the yield point.
Web yielding

14. A 7m WF eccentrically loaded column carries an eccentric service load of 321.8KN placed at
a certain distance of 295mm from the x-axis and at a distance of 185mm from the y-axis. The
ends of the column are both translation fixed and rotation free. The load is 35% deadload and
65% liveload. Assume compact section and laterally supported all throughout its length. Use
nominal strength,Pn=1545KN and Fy=250MPa. WF Properties: Sx=1093x103mm3,
Sy=377x103mm3, Zx=1222x103mm3, Zy=574 x103mm3. Calculate the value of the interaction
equation considering axial compression alone. Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

SOLUTION:
𝑃𝑢 = 1.2(0.35𝑥321.8) + 1.6(0.65𝑥321.8) = 469.828
𝑃𝑢 469.828
= = 0.3378842143
𝜙𝑃𝑛 0.9(1545)

10. A grade 50 (Fy=345MPa) WF section (Sx=89000mm3, Zx=103000mm3, Sy=31000mm3,

Zy=48000mm3) is used as a purlin on a roof truss with its top chord inclined 15 degrees with the
horizontal. The trusses are spaced at 9meters on centers. There are 7purlins on the windward
side likewise on the leeward side of the truss. The ultimate (factored) roof loads are as follows:
Dead load =0.79KN/m (purlin selfweight included), Live load =1.52KN/m, Wind load pressure =
0.38KN/m. Assume purlins are compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling. Sagrods
and tierods are placed at midspan. Calculate the tension in KN at the most stressed sagrod.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

SOLUTION:
5
𝑇𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑊𝑡 𝐿 (𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑠)
8
5
= (𝐷𝐿 + 𝐿𝐿) sin(15𝑜 ) (9𝑚)(7 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑠) = 23.54120977
8
A WF 7.4ft simple beam carries an inclined liveload of 4.6k/ft. The liveload is inclined with slope
of 3 horizontal and 4 vertical. Consider beam selfweight of 0.22k/ft to be its deadload and assume
compact section with Fy=248MPa. All given loads are service loads. Calculate the
ultimate/factored moment in kip-ft about the minor axis. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

SOLUTION:

𝑊𝑢 = 1.6(𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒)
4 𝑊𝑢𝐿2 9.813333333(7.4)2
𝑊𝑢 = 1.6 (4.6 𝑥 ) = 9.813333333 → = = 67.17226667
3 8 8

A grade 50 wide flange purlin has Sx=179000mm3, Zx=206000mm3, Sy=18000mm3,

Zy=29000mm3. Assume compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling . Use
1ksi=6.9MPa. Calculate the nominal moment strength on stronger axis in KN-m. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.

SOLUTION:

FyZx = (50x6.9)(206,000) / 103 = 71.07

A 8.1m column (both ends hinged) is part of a braced frame carries a transverse factored load of
69KN/m. An additional axial compressive factored load of 530KN is also applied on the column.
Bending is about major axis only. The design compressive and bending strengths are 2940KN
and 460KN-m respectively. Fy=248MPa, E=200000MPa and Ix=222x106mm4. Calculate the
moment amplification factor to account for the secondary moment . Express your answer in 3
decimal places.

SOLUTION:

(both ends hinged) is part of a braced frame Cm = 1.0

A 7m WF eccentrically loaded column carries an eccentric service load of 325KN placed at a

certain distance of 295mm from the x-axis and at a distance of 185mm from the y-axis. The ends
of the column are both translation fixed and rotation free. The load is 35% deadload and 65%
liveload. Assume compact section and laterally supported all throughout its length. Use nominal
strength,Pn=1545KN and Fy=250MPa.

WF Properties: Sx=1093x103mm3, Sy=377x103mm3, Zx=1222x103mm3, Zy=574 x103mm3.

Calculate the ratio of the design flexural strengths, i.e. ФMnx/ФMny. Express your answer in 3
decimal places.

SOLUTION:
𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑥 𝐹𝑦 𝑍𝑥 250(1222𝑥103 )
= = = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟐𝟖𝟗𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟔𝟏
𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑦 𝐹𝑦 𝑍𝑦 250(574𝑥103 )

Which of the following is false on moment amplification factor B1 for beam-columns?

B1 can any value less than 1

12. The ratio of the maximum bending moments on weaker axis of purlin without sagrods and
with sagrods at 3rd points is nearly? 4 11 32 90

In calculating weak-axis bending strength of beams, shape factor should be limited to this value
to prevent excessive working load deformation.
o 1.2
o 1.4
o 1.6
o 1.8

Which of the following is not true about sag rods?

o sag rods are provided at midway or at one-third points between roof trusses
o these rods reduce the moment My
o these rods result in smaller purlin sections
o these rods reduce the moment Mx

What is the correction factor, Cm of a beam-column which is part of a braced frame without any
transverse loads resisting equal magnitude of end moments with the same direction?
o 0.2
o 0.85
o 1.0
o 0.4

1. In beam-column analysis, if the ratio of the ultimate compressive load to its design
compressive strength is less than 20% then the member is considered more of a
______?
Beam
 2. In beam-column analysis, if the ultimate compressive load of the member is 20% of its
design compressive strength, which of the following statements is true?

Larger Axial Compression

3. Beams in a moment resisting frame are considered beam-columns.
False

4. When one sag rod is used, the moment about web axis
reduced by 75%

5. When two sag rod is used, the moment about web axis
reduced by 91%
6. In bi-axial bending, the shear center is always located on an axis of
symmetry, thus the shear center will be at the centroid of a cross section with
two axes of symmetry
True
7. What are purlins?
beams provided over trusses to support roofing

8. When a single concentrated load acts normal to the longitudinal axis of the beam
but is inclined with respect to each of the principal axes of the cross section, bi-
axial bending occurs. True

9. Which of the following gives the safety factor as per Allowable Strength Design for
beam-columns? 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.5

https://calcresource.com/cross-section-tee.html
FLEXURE

2.31
90

30
phiPp= 4477.60 KN

Pu=827.69
N=473.73mm

t=15.99mm
phiPp=3787.51KN

Pp=5879.05
Ru=1743.14KN
Lb=222.42mm
Rn=1744.KN
Ru=989.69KN
 1.

SOLUTION:
1.2(DL) + 1.6(LL * SLOPE ABOUT QUESTIONED AXIS) = Wu then (WuL^2)/8
1.2(0.15) + 1.6(7.3 * (4/5)) = ____ (WuL^2)/8

2. A 7m WF eccentrically loaded column carries an eccentric service load of 344KN

placed at a certain distance of 295mm from the x-axis and at a distance of
185mm from the y-axis. The ends of the column are both translation fixed and
rotation free. The load is 35% deadload and 65% liveload. Assume compact
section and laterally supported all throughout its length. Use nominal
strength,Pn=1545KN and Fy=250MPa. WF Properties: Sx=1093x103mm3,
Sy=377x103mm3, Zx=1222x103mm3, Zy=574 x103mm3. Calculate the value
of the interaction equation considering both axial compression and bending.
Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

SOLUTION:
Solve Pu
Then do pu/ phiPn = check larger or lower 0.2
Get mny and mnx via FyZx and FyZy respectively
Ampli formula (Case 3, cm=1.0)
Ix = SxEy
Iy = SyEx
eccentric distance = Ex
ex = 295
ey = 185

B1x= 1.0657
B1y= 1.126
Sub in inter

3 3 3
3. A grade 50 wide flange purlin has Sx=179000mm , Zx=206000mm , Sy=18000mm ,
3
Zy=29000mm . Assume compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling . Use
1ksi=6.9MPa. Calculate the nominal moment strength on weaker axis in KN-m. Express
your answer in 2 decimal places.
SOLUTION:
Madaming tanong na ganto pero
If:
Nominal Strength = FyZy (weaker axis) or FyZx (strong axis or x-axis)
Nominal Yield Stregnth = FySy or FySx

4.

True no need solution

5. An A36 (Fy=248MPa, E=200GPa) WF steel column, which is part of a braced frame is
loaded with an eccentric load Pu=68.4KN along the plane of the web "e" mm from its
centroid. The column is laterally supported with Lb<Lp with compact section with design
moment strength of 54KN-m. Using L=4.3m and effective length factor of 0.7. The
2
properties of the WF section are A=3,791mm , rx=62mm, ry=39.66mm. Calculate the
maximum distance "e" in millimeters? Express your answer in 1 decimal place.

SOLUTION:
Pn=FcrAg
Pu/phiPn check if larger or smaller
Mnx=
Note: use the interaction equation if larger or smaller
sample>> Pu/phiPn+(Pu(e)/phiMnx)= 1.0
e=____

6. A 8m column is part of a braced frame with joint rotation carries service support end
moments of 109.7KN-m at top and 176.9KN-m at bottom (single curvature). An additional
axial compressive service load of 588KN is also applied on the column. Bending is about
major axis only. The design compressive and bending strengths are 2940KN and 460KN-
6 4
m respectively. Fy=248MPa, E=200000MPa and Ix=222x10 mm . Calculate the
moment correction factor or reduction coefficient. Express your answer in 3 decimal
places.

SOLUTION:
 Cm = 0.6 – 0.4 (M1/M2)
Cm = 0.6 – 0.4 (-109.7/176.9) negative since single curvature

7. Calculate the maximum factored load moment on stronger axis in k-ft that the given beam
can carry for adequacy with the following data: Factored load moment on weaker axis =
36.1k-ft, , Nominal moment strength for stronger axis = 508k-ft, Nominal moment
strength for weaker axis = 173.1k-ft. Assume that NOT all loads passes through the
shear center of the cross section. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

SOLUTION:
Given: Muy = 36.1, Mny=173.1, Mnx = 508
Substitute to interaction equation with Mux unknown divide weaker axis by 2 if not
passing through shear center

8. A 8.3m restrained beam-column (both ends fixed) carries a uniformly distributed factored
load of 61.1KN/m. An additional axial compressive factored load of 534.2KN is also
applied on the beam-column. Bending is about major axis only. The design compressive
and bending strengths are 2940KN and 460KN-m respectively. Fy=248MPa,
6 4
E=200000MPa and Ix=222x10 mm . Calculate the factored moment, Mnt in KN-m
assuming that no sidesway occurs. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

SOLUTION:
IDK Pwede ba na wL^2/8 lang to?
OO ata haha

3 3
9. A grade 50 (Fy=345MPa) WF section (Sx=89000mm , Zx=103000mm ,
3 3
Sy=31000mm , Zy=48000mm ) is used as a purlin on a roof truss with its top chord
inclined 15 degrees with the horizontal. The trusses are spaced at 9.8meters on
centers. There are 9purlins on the windward side likewise on the leeward side of the
truss. The ultimate (factored) roof loads are as follows: Dead load =0.85KN/m (purlin
selfweight included), Live load =1.34KN/m, Wind load pressure = 0.33KN/m. Assume
purlins are compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling. Sagrods and tierods
are placed at midspan. Calculate the value of the interaction equation considering
bending on MINOR axis alone. Express your answer in 3 decimal placeS.
SOLUTION:
Muy = Wt L^2 / 8 = ((DL+LL)sin 15 *(9.8 m/2)^2)/8
phi Mny = 0.9 Fy Zy
final ans: Muy/phi Mny

3 3
10. A grade 50 (Fy=345MPa) WF section (Sx=89000mm , Zx=103000mm ,
3 3
Sy=31000mm , Zy=48000mm ) is used as a purlin on a roof truss with its top chord
inclined 15 degrees with the horizontal. The trusses are spaced at 9meters on centers.
 There are 7purlins on the windward side likewise on the leeward side of the truss. The
ultimate (factored) roof loads are as follows: Dead load =0.79KN/m (purlin selfweight
included), Live load =1.52KN/m, Wind load pressure = 0.38KN/m. Assume purlins are
compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling. Sagrods and tierods are placed
at midspan. Calculate the tension in KN at the most stressed sagrod. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.
SOLUTION:
Tsagmax = 5/8 (Wt) (l) (number of purlins)
= (5/8)((DL+LL)sin(15 degrees))(9m)(7 purlins)

11. A 7m WF eccentrically loaded column carries an eccentric service load of 343.8KN

placed at a certain distance of 295mm from the x-axis and at a distance of 185mm from
the y-axis. The ends of the column are both translation fixed and rotation free. The load is
35% deadload and 65% liveload. Assume compact section and laterally supported all
throughout its length. Use nominal strength,Pn=1545KN and Fy=250MPa. WF

3 3 3 3 3 3
Properties: Sx=1093x10 mm , Sy=377x10 mm , Zx=1222x10 mm , Zy=574
3 3
x10 mm . Calculate the factored eccentric load in KN. Express your answer in 1
decimal place.

1.2(0.35x343.8)+1.6(0.65x343.8)

12. A 7m restrained beam-column (both ends fixed) carries a uniformly distributed factored
load of 66.7KN/m. An additional axial compressive factored load of 535.5KN is also
applied on the beam-column. Bending is about major axis only. The design compressive
and bending strengths are 2940KN and 460KN-m respectively. Fy=248MPa,
6 4
E=200000MPa and Ix=222x10 mm . Calculate the factored moment, Mnt in KN-m
assuming that no sidesway occurs. Express your answer in 2 decimal places

wL^2/8 ??

3 3
13. A grade 50 (Fy=345MPa) WF section (Sx=179000mm , Zx=206000mm ,
3 3
Sy=18000mm , Zy=29000mm ) is used as a purlin on a roof truss with its top chord
inclined 15 degrees with the horizontal. The trusses are spaced at 4.3meters on
centers. There are 6purlins on the windward side likewise on the leeward side of the
truss. The ultimate (factored) roof loads are as follows: Dead load =0.54KN/m (purlin
selfweight included), Live load =1.27KN/m, Wind load pressure = 0.31KN/m. Assume
purlins are compact section and with no lateral-torsional buckling. Sagrods and tierods
are placed at midspan. Calculate the value of the interaction equation considering
bending on major axis alone. Express your answer in 3 decimal placeS.

Wn=(0.54+1.27)cos(15)+0.31
Mux=WnL^2/8
Mnx= FyZx
 Mux/phiMnx = _______

14. A 7m WF eccentrically loaded column carries an eccentric service load of 321.8KN

placed at a certain distance of 295mm from the x-axis and at a distance of 185mm from
the y-axis. The ends of the column are both translation fixed and rotation free. The load
is 35% deadload and 65% liveload. Assume compact section and laterally supported all
throughout its length. Use nominal strength,Pn=1545KN and Fy=250MPa. WF
Properties: Sx=1093x103mm3, Sy=377x103mm3, Zx=1222x103mm3, Zy=574 x103mm3.
Calculate the value of the interaction equation considering axial compression alone.
Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

1.2(0.35x321.8)+1.6(0.65x321.8)=Pu
Pu/0.9(1545) = _______

15.

B1 = (Cm=1.0)/(1-(Pu/Pe)) = 0.85/(1-(541/Pe))
Pe = sa notes na lang haha

16. A 17feet WF both ends pinned beam-column carries an axial service loads: DL=44kips and LL=94kips
and transverse service loads at midheight: DL=8kips and LL=22kips. Bending is about the strong axis
only. The nominal compressive and flexural strengths are 643.45kips and 988.48kip-ft respectively.
Calculate the value of interaction equation considering combined axial compression and bending?
Express your answer in 3 decimal places.

concepts:

1. In beam-column analysis, if the ratio of the ultimate compressive load to its design
compressive strength is less than 20% then the member is considered more of a
 ______?
Beam
2. In beam-column analysis, if the ultimate compressive load of the member is 20% of its
design compressive strength, which of the following statements is true?

Larger Axial Compression

3. Beams in a moment resisting frame are considered beam-columns.
False
4. When one sag rod is used, the moment about web axis
reduced by 75%

5. When two sag rod is used, the moment about web axis
reduced by 91%
6. In bi-axial bending, the shear center is always located on an axis of
symmetry, thus the shear center will be at the centroid of a cross section with
two axes of symmetry
True
7. What are purlins?
beams provided over trusses to support roofing

8. When a single concentrated load acts normal to the longitudinal axis of the beam
but is inclined with respect to each of the principal axes of the cross section, bi-
axial bending occurs. True

9. Which of the following gives the safety factor as per Allowable Strength Design for
beam-columns? 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.5

10. A 7.6m restrained beam-column (both ends fixed) carries a uniformly distributed
factored load of 67KN/m. An additional axial compressive factored load of 530KN is also
applied on the beam-column. Bending is about major axis only. 11. The design
compressive and bending strengths are 2940KN and 460KN-m respectively. Fy=248MPa,
E=200000MPa and Ix=222x106mm4. Which of the following gives the value of the
moment amplification factor, B1? 0.85 1.0 1.02 1.12

12. The ratio of the maximum bending moments on weaker axis of purlin without sagrods
and with sagrods at 3rd points is nearly? 4 11 32 90
13.

14.

False

15.
16.

0.2

17.

Tagalog ng Purlins ay reostra...basta hindi perlina ahaha

Module 2 Quiz 1
Monday, February 8, 2021 8:45 PM

QUESTION 1
1. In continuous beam analysis, adjacent spans are loaded with live load to maximize
negative bending moment for sections of loaded spans at the common support.
True
False

QUESTION 2
1. Concrete compressive strain is expected to be at ___________ when the concrete is on
the verge of crushing as per NSCP.

QUESTION 3
1. The steel tensile strain limit for a tension controlled failure is ___________.

QUESTION 4
1. In flexure design, transition failure is when the steel tensile strain compatible with
concrete strain of 0.003 is less than the tensile yield strain and greater than 0.002.
True
False

QUESTION 5
1. The constant β1 for f'c = 30 MPa is ______. (Answer in 3 decimal places)

QUESTION 6
1. Live load pattern loading to maximize positive bending moment on the loaded span is
done by ____________ span loading as per NSCP.

QUESTION 7
1. What is the minimum tensile steel ratio for material strengths f' c = 27 MPa and fy =
345 MPa?
A. 0.03590
B. 0.02120
C. 0.00376
D. 0.00406

QUESTION 8
1. A three span continuous beam of prismatic size 275 mm x 450 mm A-B, B-C and C-D
is to be designed for service uniform superimposed dead load of 5 kN/m and uservice
uniform live load of 12 kN/m. What should be the factored load on span C-D so that
span A-B will be at maximum positive bending?
A. 28.76
B. 9.56
C. 25.20
D. 19.97

QUESTION 9
1. A singly reinforced rectangular beam section 250 mm wide, 450 mm deep is
reinforced with 3-25-mm-dia. rebars, grade G420 enclosed with 10-mm-dia.
stirrups. What is the design condition of the beam by USD method? Use f'c = 21 MPa

CE133P-2 Page 1
 stirrups. What is the design condition of the beam by USD method? Use f'c = 21 MPa
A. Compression controlled failure
B. Transition failure
C. Balanced strain failure
D. Tension controlled failure

QUESTION 10
1. Calculate the steel ratio that will produce a tension controlled failure if compressive
strength f'c = 28 MPa and steel yield strength fy = 350 MPa.
A. 0.02550
B. 0.02167
C. 0.02477
D. 0.01806

QUESTION 11
1. A simply supported beam with span of L = 6 m must be designed to support a
uniformly distributed total dead load of 15 kN/m and live load of 10 kN/m. Using
material strengths f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 420 MPa, consider b=0.55d, calculate the
required effective depth in mm if the tensile steel strain compatible with concrete
strain of 0.003 is set at 0.013. Express your answer in two decimal places.

CE133P-2 Page 2
QUESTION 12
1. A simply supported beam with span of L = 5.6 m must be designed to support a
uniformly distributed total dead load of 15 kN/m and live load of 10 kN/m. Using
material strengths f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 420 MPa, Calculate the required area (mm 2 )
of flexure bars 20 mm in diameter for a size of 250 mm x 500 mm. Write your
answer as a whole number, rounded up.

QUESTION 13
1. A singly reinforced rectangular beam 350 mm wide and 450 mm deep is reinforced
with 2 -16-mm-diameter bottom bars enclosed with 10-mm-dia stirrups covered with
40 mm of concrete. Calculate the tensile steel strain compatible with concrete strain of
0.003. Use f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 350 MPa. Express your answer in 3 decimal places

QUESTION 14
1. A singly reinforced rectangular beam 350 mm wide and 450 mm deep is reinforced
with 2 -16-mm-diameter bottom bars enclosed with 10-mm-dia stirrups covered with
40 mm of concrete. Calculate the nominal moment strength in kN-m. Use f'c = 28
MPa and fy = 420 MPa. Express your answer in two decimal places.

QUESTION 15
1. The image shown is a reference for the next question. Write "ok" in the blank
provided and click next.

QUESTION 16
1. The two span beam shown in the figure has L1 = L2 = 3.1 m. The service loads are
total dead load of 6.7 kN/m and live load of 8.9 kN/m. If live load is placed to
produce maximum positive moment on span AB, calculate the maximum factored
positive bending moment at span AB in kN-m. Write your answer in 2 decimal
places only without the unit.

CE133P-2 Page 3
 places only without the unit.

QUESTION 17
1. The two span beam shown in the figure has spans L1 = 4.7 m and L2 = 4.3 m. The
service loads are total dead load of 7.3 kN/m and live load of 6.4 kN/m. If live load is
placed to produce maximum negative moment at B, calculate the maximum factored
negative bending moment in kN-m. Write your answer in 2 decimal places only
without the unit.

QUESTION 18
1. This image is a reference for the next question. Write "ok" in the black and click next.

QUESTION 19
1. For the given 2-span-continuous beams with equal spans of L = 5.6 m and equal loads,
calculate the prismatic gross depth of a rectangular section considering the smallest
factored bending moment with minimum steel ratio and b/d = 0.55. Service loads are
wD = 9 kN/m and wL = 10 kN/m. Use material strengths f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 420
MPa for 20 mm flexure bars enclosed in 10 mm stirrups. Round up the final depth
to the next larger whole number.

QUESTION 20
1. For the given 2-span-continuous beams with equal spans of L = 4.4 m and equal loads,
calculate the required amount of top bars in mm2 at B given that the prismatic size is
250 mm x 450 mm. Service loads are wD = 10 kN/m and wL = 10 kN/m. Use material
strengths f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 420 MPa for 20 mm flexure bars enclosed in 10 mm

CE133P-2 Page 4
 strengths f'c = 21 MPa and fy = 420 MPa for 20 mm flexure bars enclosed in 10 mm
stirrups. Round up the final answer to the next larger whole number.

QUESTION 21
1. For the given 2-span-continuous beams with equal spans of L = 4.9 m and equal loads,
calculate the required amount of bottom bars in mm2 for span AB given that the
prismatic size is 250 mm x 450 mm. Service loads are wD = 7 kN/m and wL = 10
kN/m. Use material strengths f'c = 28 MPa and fy = 420 MPa for 20 mm flexure bars
enclosed in 10 mm stirrups. Round up the final answer to the next larger whole
number.

CE133P-2 Page 5
CE133P-2 Page 6
CE133P-2 Page 7
CE133P-2 Page 8
 1. A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa.
The tension member is 18mm thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and
the gusset plate is 19mm thick A572 steel (Fy= 290MPa, Fu=415Mpa). The clear
distance of the edge of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and gusset
plate is 97mm. Determine the ​design strength​ of the connection considering
hole deformation as mode of failure. Express your answer in KN in 2 decimal
places.
Solution:
2.4Fudt
Check niyo for both gusset plate and tension member.
Check niyo if sino naggovern
Tas times niyo by 0.75
Ano nakukuha niyong answer?

Naggovern sakin yung Tension dito

Sakin din tension, tapos multiply na lang sa 0.75? 285.12 ba?
Yup yup same tayo 285.12 kN naget ko <<<< SAME

2. Two 10mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based
from AISC requirement, what is the minimum size of weld allowed?
 Answer:

8 mm

6 mm

5 mm

3 mm

3.
Two 12mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC
requirement, what is the maximum size of weld allowed?
12 mm
11.6 mm
10 mm
10.4 mm
 4. What is the tensile strength of an E60XX electrode?

Answer: 60 KSI ​415 MPA

5. An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds

AB, CD and DE. The fillet weld is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile
strength of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm) is changed to 58mm
and length of welds AB and DE are 276mm and 193mm respectively, calculate
the eccentricity in millimeters of the applied load Pu shown. Express your answer
in 2 decimal places. Note: Length of welds are not drawn into scale.
Solution

(58+276+193)ybar= 58x(58/2) + 276(100)

Inde ba 1000 yan?
Answer: ​55.563 - 29 = 26.56mm
(hindi ba dapat 276(100) na lang?) ref point ko ung sa D, so ung CD wala na and
DE?
6. A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa.
The tension member is 11mm thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and
the gusset plate is 10mm thick A572 steel (Fy= 290MPa, Fu=415Mpa). The
distance of the center of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and gusset
plate is 124mm. Determine the ​nominal strength​ of the connection considering
shear tear-out as mode of failure. Express your answer in KN in 2 decimal
places.
Solution:

1.2Fu lc t

lc = le - (dbolt +2 or 3 / 2)

Mas crit daw sa gusset

Check niyo for both tension and gusset plate

7.
8.
Answer: 50.6985
Sqrt of Rty^2 + Rtx^2

9. From the given figure below, if the given P=106KN, e=273mm, a=139mm and
b=111mm, calculate the maximum shear force on bolts due to eccentric load in KN?
Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
Solution: with Rd SAME sa 8 but with Direct Load ​san idadagdag yung direct load
sa rtx ba or rty? RTY po RTY ata thankssss
sqrt[(RTX)^2 + (Rd+RTY)^2] thanksiess TAMA BA?? Thank you Opoooo yes
master
 10. is a type of fastener installed by heating to a light cherry-red color, inserting it into a hole and
then applying pressure to the preformed head while at the same time squeezing the plain
end to form a rounded head.
Rivets
11. On a fillet weld, the normal distance from the root to the theoretical face of the weld is called
the ​__​ of the weld.
Throat
12. Fillet welds are weaker in shear than in tension and compression.
True
13. The effective area of fillet welds shall be taken as the effective length times the effective
throat thickness.
True

14. A simple steel connection uses 6-16 mm diameter bolts with Fv = 203MPa. The
tension member is A36 steel (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa) and the gusset plate is
A572 steel (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415 Mpa). Determine the design strength of the
connection considering shear on bolts as mode of failure. Express your answer in
KN in 2 decimal places.
Solution:
Rn= Fnv Ab = 203(pi/4 x 16^) = 40.81557176 kN
Design = 0.75 Rn (no of bolts) = 0.75(40.81557176)(6)
Design strength = 183.67 kn

15.An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds AB, CD
and DE. The fillet weld is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile strength of
415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm) is changed to 43mm and length of welds
AB and DE are 259mm and 155mm respectively, calculate the​ magnitude of shear force
due to direct load alone​ in Newtons per millimeter length of weld. Express your answer in
2 decimal places.
Note: Length of welds are not drawn into scale.
Solution:
185000/ (43+259+155)

A 150mm x 7.8mm steel plate is to be used as a tension member as shown. The steel is
A36 with Fy=248MPa and Fu=400MPa. The plate is bolted using 6-20mm diameter
bolts with nominal shear stress, Fnv of 375MPa. If the ratio of its liveload to deadload is
2.40, calculate the maximum service liveload in KN that the connection can carry
considering bearing alone? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
ANO FORMULA BA NITO
KAIN NA LANG TAYO A36 STEEL
Nagkaiba lang tayo sa length e :(
Ano thickness? 7.8
Goodluck bois

A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa. The tension member is 18mm
thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and the gusset plate is 19mm thick A572 steel (Fy= 290MPa,
Fu=415Mpa). The clear distance of the edge of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and gusset plate is
97mm. Determine the design strength of the connection considering hole deformation as mode of failure. Express
your answer in KN in 2 decimal places.

2.4(0.75) (Fu)(d)(t) lang ata yan sir

Pipiliin kung ano mas mababa sa tension member or gusset plate ba? Na hole deformation?

Oo sir sa p

agkakaintindi ko

Ty mga sir (285.12 ba?) eto na solve ko pag hole deformation sa pag kakaalam ko di na need iplus 2 or plus 3 basta
yung mismong diameter na.

Ah ok ok salamat brad. Thanks thanks!

Connecting unusual members such as pipes is easier by welding than by bolting.

TRUE

The effective area of fillet welds shall be taken as the effective length times the effective
throat thickness.

True
Bearing ng tension member lng to noh mga lodi?

From the given figure below, if the given P=128KN, e=262mm, a=116mm and b=126mm, calculate the
maximum shear force on bolts due to direct load alone in KN? Express your answer in 2 decimal
places.-

128/4 gawa ko dito

Fillet welds are weaker in shear than in tension and compression.

True
Pano po gagawin dito mga sir?

A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa. The tension member is
11mm thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and the gusset plate is 10mm thick A572 steel (Fy=
290MPa, Fu=415Mpa). The distance of the center of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and gusset
plate is 124mm. Determine the nominal strength of the connection considering shear tear-out as mode of
failure. Express your answer in KN in 2 decimal places.
Two 12mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC
requirement, what is the maximum size of weld allowed?

11.6 mm

10.4 mm

12 mm

10 mm

The allowable shearing strength of weld metal is taken ___ of FExx.

50%

60%

30%

40%

Two 10mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC
requirement, what is the minimum size of weld allowed?

6 mm

8 mm

5 mm

3 mm

From the given connection below, P=57KN, x=248mm, y=60mm and z=81mm, calculate the maximum
shear force on welds due to eccentric load in N/1mm length? Express your answer in 2 decimal places
What is the tensile strength of an E60XX electrode?

550
MPa

248
MPa

415 MPa

485
MPa

.
Alam niyo po ba kung pano ito mga sir?

From the given connection below, P=76KN, x=186mm, y=123mm and z=98mm, calculate the maximum
shear force on welds due to moment alone in N/1mm length? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

From the given connection below, P=34KN, x=214mm, y=93mm and z=117mm, calculate the maximum
shear force on welds due to direct load alone in N/1mm length? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.
Nasolve niyo na to

As per code provision, the center to center spacing between bolts is preferably ____.

1.5* bolt
diameter

2* bolt diameter

3* bolt diameter

4* bolt diameter

On a fillet weld, the normal distance from the root to the theoretical face of the weld is
called the ____ of the weld. Throat?
Two 10mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC
requirement, what is the minimum size of weld allowed?

6 mm

3 mm

5 mm

8 mm
MODULE 3 – QUIZ1
Fillet welds are weaker in shear than in tension and compression. True

Two 10mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC requirement, what is
the minimum size of weld allowed? 5 mm

Two 12mm thick steel plates are to be welded by an E60xx electrode. Based from AISC requirement, what is
the maximum size of weld
allowed?

___ is a type of fastener installed by heating to a light cherry-red color, inserting it into a hole and then
applying pressure to the preformed head while at the same time squeezing the plain end to form a rounded
head. Rivet

(True or False). Connecting unusual members such as pipes is easier by welding than by bolting. True
An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds AB, CD and DE. The fillet weld
is 5mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile strength of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e. c=58mm)
is changed to 43mm and length of welds AB and DE are 343mm and 193mm respectively, calculate the
magnitude of shear force a.) due to direct load alone, b.) due to moment alone, c.) due to eccentric load in
Newtons per millimeter length of weld.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

( ) ( )

̅ ( ) ̅

An angular steel section is connected to a gusset plate using 3 lengths of welds AB, CD and DE. The fillet weld
is 6.4mm in size using electrode E60xx with tensile strength of 415MPa. If the length of weld CD (i.e.
c=58mm) is changed to 58mm and length of welds AB and DE are 254mm and 199mm respectively, calculate
the design strength in Newtons per millimeter length of weld. Express your answer in 2 decimal places. Note:
Length of welds are not drawn into scale.

[ ]
From the given figure below, if the given P=126KN, e=224mm, a=171mm and b=119mm, calculate the
maximum shear force on bolts a.) due to direct load alone, b.)
due to moment alone c.) due to eccentric load in KN? Express
your answer in 2 decimal places.

*( ) ( ) +

( ) ( )
√( ) ( )

( ) ( )
√( ) ( )
From the given connection below, P=33KN, x=247mm, y=133mm and z=120mm, calculate the
maximum shear force on welds a.) due to direct load
alone, b.) due to moment alone, c.) due to eccentric load
in N/1mm length? Express your answer in 2
decimal places.

( )

* ( )+ * ( ) ( ) +

( ) ( )
√( ) ( )

( ) ( )
√( ) ( )

A simple steel connection uses 5-16 mm diameter bolts with Fv = 209MPa. The tension member is
A36 steel (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa) and the gusset plate is A572 steel (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415
Mpa). Determine the design strength of the connection considering shear on bolts as mode of
failure. Express your answer in KN in 2 decimal places.

* ( ) +

A simple steel connection uses one piece 22mm diameter bolt with Fv =165MPa. The tension member is
11mm thick A36 steel (Fy=248MPa, Fu=400MPa) and the gusset plate is 16mm thick A572 steel (Fy=
290MPa, Fu=415Mpa). The clear distance of the edge of the bolt hole to the edges of both tension and
gusset plate is 146mm. Determine the design strength/nominal strength of the connection considering hole
deformation as mode of failure. Express your answer in KN in 2 decimal places.

A 150mm x 18.4mm steel plate is to be used as a tension member as shown. The steel is A36 with
Fy=248MPa and Fu=400MPa. The plate is bolted using 6-20mm diameter bolts with nominal shear stress, Fnv
of 375MPa. If the ratio of its liveload to deadload is 2.40, calculate the maximum service liveload in KN that
the connection can carry considering a.) bearing alone, b.) bolt shear alone?

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On a fillet weld, the normal distance from the root to the theoretical face of the weld is called the __ of the
weld. Throat

What is the tensile strength of an E60XX electrode? 415 Mpa

The allowable shearing strength of weld metal is taken as ___ of Fexx. 60%

As per code provision, the center to center spacing between bolts is preferably ___. 3* bolt diameter
MODULE 3 – QUIZ2
1. Calculate the exact required depth “d” of a Yakal beam with b=60mm which can replace a 109mm by
211mm Apitong beam. The allowable bending stress for Apitong and Yakal are 13.8Mpa and
19.3Mpa, respectively. All dimensions are dressed. Assume lateral stability is not a problem. Express
your answer in mm in 2 decimal places.

i. Apitong
ii. Yakal

2. A circular log of 288mm diameter is used as a 4m simple beam. If the modulus of elasticity of wood is
7310 MPa and its bending strength is 13.8 MPa, calculate the maximum moment in KN-m that the
beam can carry? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

[ ]
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3. Calculate the total board feet of 4 dozen pieces of 2” x 5” x 6ft. lumber. Express your answer in
whole number.

4. A cantilever wooden rectangular beam with dressed dimensions, 72mm wide by 197mm high and
3.7m long carries a load that varies uniformly from zero at the free end to 1,476N/m at the wall
support. Compute the maximum flexural stress in the beam in MPa. Express your answer in 2
decimal places.
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5. If a 200mm diameter Apitong wood is used as a post, Calculate the maximum safe axial load P in KN
that it could carry. Assume “short” column. Given: Fc = 9.56 MPa (parallel to grain), Fc = 2.20 MPa
(perpendicular to grain), E = 7310 MPa. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

6. Using the "rule of thumb", calculate the recommended depth of a 2.5m span timber floor joist in
inches? Express your answer in whole number.
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7. A 250mm square section timber beam carries a 65KN load at midspan over a 3m simple span. If the
modulus of elasticity of wood is 7310MPa, Calculate the maximum deflection of the beam in mm?
express your answer in 1 decimal place.

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8. In timber columns, the buckling factor used for both ends fixed supports is ___%.
65

9. True/ False : Wooden post is stronger when load is perpendicular to the grains.
FALSE

10. A 150mm diameter fixed-hinged timber column, 3.2m long has Ew=7310 MPa and Fc=9.56 MPa. The
column is classified as ___ column.
long

11. What is the tagalog term for timber floor joist?

suleras

12. A 100mm x 200mm rectangular timber beam 6m long carries a uniform load of 32KN/m. An
additional timber short column is placed under the beam's midspan to limit midspan deflection to
10mm. If both beam and column is made of Yakal wood with Ew=9.78GPa and Fc parallel to the grain
is 15.8MPa, Calculate the minimum exact diameter of the column needed . Express your answer in 2
decimal places.
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13. A rectangular timber beam having a simple span of 3.2m carries a 5.18KN concentrated load at
midspan. Given Fb=8.3MPa and Ew=7310MPa, calculate the exact minimum depth in millimeters of
the section using b=100mm considering flexure and lateral stability requirements. Express your
answer in 2 decimal places.
202.11

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14. A timber circular column with fixed-hinged ends has a length of 3.10meters. Design the minimum
exact diameter of the column in millimeters to resist a load of 72.6KN. Given Fc=9.56MPa (parallel to
the grain) and Ew=7310MPa. Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

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15. A triangular wooden joist in a loading platform is 4m. It has a simple support at one end and at a
point 1.0m from the other end. The supports are 3m apart and the joist overhangs 1.0m. The joist
carry a load of 1,437N/m including its own weight. Calculate the exact required depth of the section
in millimeters if
the base of the
section is
50mm so as
not to exceed
the allowable
bending stress
of 14MPa?
Express your
answer in 2
decimal places.
 16. A triangular wooden joist in a loading platform is 4m. It has a simple support at one end and at a
point 1.0m from the other end. The supports are 3m apart and the joist overhangs 1.0m. The joist
carry a load of 1,352N/m including its own weight. Calculate the exact required depth of the section
in millimeters if the base of the section is 50mm so as not to exceed the allowable shear stress of
0.54MPa? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

SECOND ATTEMPT

1. A 3.6m fixed-hinged timber column is made of Apitong wood with the following properties: Fc = 9.56
MPa (parallel to grain), Fc = 2.20 MPa (perpendicular to grain), E = 7310 MPa. If it has a rectangular
cross section with dressed dimensions b=129mm and d=188mm, compute the actual slenderness
ratio of the column. Express your answer in 1 decimal place.

2. A circular log of 282mm

diameter carries a 23KN load at
midspan over a 3m simple span. If the
modulus of elasticity of wood is
7310MPa, calculate the maximum
shearing stress of the beam in MPa?
 express your answer in 2 decimal places.
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3. A circular log of 221mm diameter is used as a 4m simple beam. If the modulus of elasticity of wood is
7310 MPa and its bending strength is 14.7 MPa, calculate the maximum moment in KN-m that the
beam can carry? Express your answer in 2 decimal places.

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4. A floor joist 50mmx 200mm has a span of 5m. If it carries a total floor load of 5kPa.Determine the
spacing of the joist in mm to develop a bending stress of 8 MPa. Express your answer in whole
number millimeter.

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A timber column 7m long and is laterally supported at a point 3m from the bottom carries an axial load of
260KN. If the allowable stress parallel to the grain is 10.43MPa and modulus of elasticity of wood is
13800MPa, calculate the maximum limit of the slenderness ratio which would indicate its limit between a
long column and an intermediate column? Express your answer in to 2 decimal places.

√ √

If a 193mm diameter Apitong wood is used as a post, Calculate the maximum safe axial load P in KN that it
could carry. Given: Fc = 9.56 MPa (parallel to grain), Fc = 2.20 MPa (perpendicular to grain), E = 7310 MPa.
Express your answer in 2 decimal places. The post is both ends fixed with height of 5.3 meters.
 √ √

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