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V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V V
8.00 m / s
1400 kPa
315°C
0.001 m2
Compressor
A2V2 AV P (0.001 m 2 )(30 m/s)(1400kPa)
m 2 2 2 0.0344 kg/s
v2 RT2 (2.0769 kPa m 3 /kg K)(588 K)
100 kPa
20°C
15 m/s
m v 1 m RT1 (0.0344 kg/s)(2.0769 kPa m 3 /kg K)(293 K)
A1 0.0140 m 2
V1 V1 P1 (15 m/s)(100 kPa)
V
v
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v
V V
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v
v v
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v v
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v v
v
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v
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v v
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v v
V v
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v v
V
V liquid 0.0023 m 3
m 2.184 kg
vf 0.001053m 3 /kg
m 2.184 kg H2O
m 0.04854 kg/min 8.090 10 - 4 kg/s Sat. vapor Q
t 45 min
P = 150 kPa
m m v g (8.090 10 -4 kg/s)(1.1594 m 3 /kg)
V 9.379 m/s
g Ac Ac 1.0 10 -4 m 2
E mass m
(8.090 10 4 kg/s)(2693.1 kJ/kg) 2.179 kJ/s
m 1 m 2 m
V 2 V12 2(h1 h2 ) 0.5
V12 2c p (T1 T2 )
0.5
0.5
1000 m 2 /s 2
(25 m/s) 2 2(1.057 kJ/kg K)(370 340)K
1 kJ/kg
253 m/s
v v
v
v
v
v
v
v
V v
v2
RT 2
0.287 kPa m 3 /kg K 425.6 K
1.221 m 3 /kg
P2 100 kPa
v
v
1 m
m 2 m
E in E out 1 AIR 2
m (h1 V12 / 2) m (h2 + V 22 /2) (since Q pe 0)
W
V 2 V12
0 h2 h1 2
2
1 1 1 1
A2V2 A1V1
A2V2 A1V1
v2 v1 RT2 / P2 RT1 / P1
v
v
v
v v v
v
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v v v
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v
A1 A2 m1 T2
[cm2] [cm2] [kg/s] [C]
50 36.32 0.497 185.2
60 43.59 0.5964 185.2
70 50.85 0.6958 185.2
80 58.12 0.7952 185.2
90 65.38 0.8946 185.2
100 72.65 0.9941 185.2
110 79.91 1.093 185.2
120 87.18 1.193 185.2
130 94.44 1.292 185.2
140 101.7 1.392 185.2
150 109 1.491 185.2
110 1.6
100
1.4
90
1.2
m[1] [kg/s]
80
A[2] [cm ]
2
70 1
60
0.8
50
0.6
40
30 0.4
50 70 90 110 130 150
2
A[1] [cm ]
v
v
v
v
v
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v
v
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v
v
v
v
P1 7 MPa P2 40 kPa
h1 3411.4 kJ/kg h2 2636.1 kJ/kg
T1 500C sat.vapor
1
1 m
m 2 m
H2O
1
H2O
2
v
V
v
v
V v
m 1 m 2 m
v
v
v
v
v v v
1 m
m 2 m
m h1 m h2
h1 h2
Q W ke pe 0
h 117.77 kJ/kg
P1 1200 kPa 1
1 116.70 kJ/kg
u
x1 0 T 46.29C
1
m w
E in E out
m 1h1 m 2 h2 m 3h3 (since Q W ke pe 0)
m h1 m h2 2m h3 or h3 h1 h2 / 2
h3 h f 1378.1 467.13
x3 0.409
h fg 2693.1 467.13
v v
v v
Steam
25C
20C
Q in m c p (T2 T1 )
25C
Q [m c p (Tout Tin )] water (20 kg/s)(4.18 kJ/kg. C)(20C 10C) = 836 kJ/s
Q 836 kJ/s
Q (m h fg ) steam
m steam 0.342 kg/s
h fg 2441.7 kJ/kg
V
m 3 m 1 m 2 0.05 1 1.05 kg/s
Water
75 kPa
40C
P3 75 kPa
v 3 v f @ 50C 0.001012 m /kg
3 1 kg/s
T3 50C 2
75 kPa
3
50C
Steam 1
m 3v 3 4m 3v 3 75 kPa
V3 85C
A3 D 2 0.05 kg/s
4(1.05 kg/s)(0.001012 m 3 /kg)
0.06013 m/s
(0.15 m) 2
m 3 m 1 m 2 0.05 1 1.05 kg/s
P3 75 kPa
v 3 v f @ 80C 0.001029 m /kg
3
T3 80C
m 3v 3 4m 3v 3 4(1.05 kg/s)(0.001029 m 3 /kg)
V3 0.06114 m/s
A3 D 2 (0.15 m) 2
v
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v
v
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v
V v
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V V V
V V V
v
v
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v
E E E system0 (steady) 0
inout
Rate of net energy transfer Rate of change in internal, kinetic,
.
by heat, work, and mass potential, etc. energies We,in
E in E out
m h1 W e,in m h2 100 kPa, 20C Air 100 kPa
8.6 L/s
W e,in m (h2 h1 ) 27C
W e,in m c p (T2 T1 )
V
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V
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v
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v
v
V
Q total m c p (Te Ti ) (1.8 kg/s )(4.18 kJ/kg. C)(82 13)C 519.2 kJ/s
E E E system0 (steady) 0
inout
Rate of net energy transfer Rate of change in internal, kinetic,
by heat, work, and mass potential, etc. energies
E in E out
m h1 Q in m h2
Q in m (h2 h1 )
Q in m c p (T2 T1 )
Q in 150 kW
T2 T1 300 K 346.2 K 73.2C
m c p (6.24 kg/s )(0.5203 kJ/kg K)
v
V v
v
v
v
V v
v
v
v
18
16
Set A1 = 53.35 cm2
14
Vel2 [m/s]
12
10
4
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
A2 [cm2]
V1 V1 13 m 3 /min
V1 264.8 m/min
A1 r2 (0.125 m) 2 13 m3/min AIR D = 25 cm
v1
RT1
0.287 kPa m 3 /kg K 283 K
0.8122 m 3 /kg
2 kJ/s
P1 100 kPa
V 13 m 3 /min
m 1 16.01 kg/min 0.2668 kg /s
v 1 0.8122 m 3 /kg
1 m
m 2 m
E in E out
Q in m h1 m h2 (since W ke pe 0)
Q in m (h2 h1 ) m c p (T2 T1 )
Q in 2 kJ/s
T2 T1 10C 17.5C
m c p (0.2688 kg/s )(1.005 kJ/kg C)
v v v v
v
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v v
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v
Ti 50 C 323 K
hi 323.30 kJ/kg
T1 50 C 323 K
u1 230.58 kJ/kg
T2 50 C 323 K u 2 230.58 kJ/kg
AIR
1.15 m3
E Eout Esystem
in
350 kPa We
Net energy transfer Change in internal, kinetic, 50C
by heat, work, and mass potential, etc. energies
m1
P1V
350 kPa 1.15 m 3 4.342 kg
RT1 0.287 kPa m 3 /kg K 323 K
m2
P2V
175 kPa 1.15 m 3 2.171 kg
RT2
0.287 kPa m 3 /kg K 323 K
We,in me he m2 u 2 m1u1
2.171 kg 323.30 kJ/kg 2.171 kg 230.58 kJ/kg 4.342 kg 230.58 kJ/kg
201.3 kJ
v v
v v
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v v
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V v
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v
v v
v
v
min mout msystem
m e m 2 m1
m e m1 m 2
E E E system
inout
Oxygen
Net energy transfer Change in internal, kinetic, 10 MPa 75C,
by heat, work, and mass potential, etc. energies
43 L
Qin m e he m 2 u 2 m1u1
Qin m 2 u 2 m1u1 m e he
Qin m 2 cv T2 m1 cv T1 m e c p Te
Qin m 2 cv T2 m1 cv T1 m e c p Te
(1.103)(0.658)(300) (5.517)(0.658)(300) (4.414)(0.918)(300)
344.3 kJ
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m 1 m 2 m
E in E out
700 kPa N2 350 kPa
m (h1 V12 / 2) m (h2 + V 22 /2) 50C 20C
h1 V12 / 2 h2 + V 22 /2
V12 V 22
c p (T2 T1 )
2
m 1 m 2
A1V1 A2V 2
v1 v2
A v v T P
V 2 1 2 V1 2 V1 2 1 V1
A2 v 1 v1 T1 P2
0.5
0.5
2c p (T2 T1 ) 2(1.039)(20 50) 1000 m 2 /s 2
V1 2
165 m/s
2 1 kJ/kg
T2 P1 1 293 700
1
T1 P2 323 350
T2 P1 293 700
V2 V1 165 299 m/s
T1 P2 323 350
V
mCV 0 and E CV 0
V
v
v
v v
v v
v
v
v
V v
v
v
Egg
0.065 kg
E in E out
m h1 Q out m h2 (since ke pe 0)
Q out Q egg m egg c p (T1 T2 )
º
Q egg (m c p T ) egg (650 kg/h)(3.35 kJ/kg. C)(30 10)C 43,550 kJ/h
V
Q
ë
V V
V V
E E E system0 (steady) 0
inout
Steam
Rate of net energy transfer Rate of change in internal, kinetic,
by heat, work, and mass potential, etc. energies 550 kPa
E in E out 200C
0.02 kg/s
m 1 h1 m 2 h2 m 3 h3
1
3 550 kPa
m 3 m 1 m 2 0.02 0.45 0.47 kg/s 2
Water
550 kPa
15C
P1 550 kPa
h1 2853.3 kJ/kg 0.45 kg/s
T1 200C
P2 550 kPa
h2 h f @15C 62.98 kJ/kg
T2 15C
P3 550 kPa
T3 T f @ h 181.70 kJ/kg 43.4C
h3 181.70 kJ/kg
v v v v
V
v
v v v
Po 93.1 kPa
o 3
1.177 kg/m 3 Warm
RTo (0.287 kPa.m /kg.K)(275.5 K) air
Cold air Warm air
2.5C 22C 22C
V building (Floor area)(Height) (420 m 2 )(2.75 m) 1155 m 3
E in E out
Q in m h1 m h2 (since ke pe 0)
Q in m c p (T2 T1 ) Vc p (T2 T1 )
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