10/16/2023

MOSFET Contd…

Body effect: Eqn. (163) and Eqn. (164) can be expressed as,

Here, VBS is nothing but potential of substrate w.r,t. source. It may be +ve or -ve

For a given value of γ, VTN has a square root dependance on VBS. This
phenomena is called Body effect. Here, VBS is nothing but potential of substrate
w.r,t. source. It may be +ve or -ve

Body Effect contd.. MOSFET Contd…

Equation (165) can also be alternately written as

where VTN0 is defined as the zero back-bias (1.e., VBS= 0) threshold voltage, and is given by

Equation (167) states that with the application of a normal back bias (i.e., VBS negative, i.e.,
VSB positive), the threshold voltage for an n-channel MOSFET can be made greater than
VTN0 (i.e., becomes more positive). Now, the threshold voltage for a p-channel MOSFET,
fabricated on a n-type substrate, with a uniform doping concentration of ND cm-3 , can be
straight away given by

with the zero back bias threshold voltage given by

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Body Effect contd.. MOSFET Contd…

Equation (169) states that with the application of a back bias (VSB negative), the threshold
voltage for a p-channel MOSFET decreases below VTP0 (becomes more negative).
The zero back-bias threshold voltage VTN0 for an n-channel MOSFET, as given by Eq. (168)
can be either negative or positive. MOSFET having positive VTN0 are known as enhancement
mode (also referred to as normally off) devices, where the word normally implies that VGS=0.
On the other hand, n-channel MOSFETS having negative VTN0 are known as depletion mode
(also referred to as normally on) devices, since these are on even with VGS = 0, and a negative
VGS with magnitude less than VTN0 is needed to turn these devices off.
Similarly, p-channel devices having negative values of VTPO are known as enhancement mode
devices, and those having positive values of VTPO are known as depletion mode devices. Note
that a depletion mode n-channel MOSFET can he made to operate as an enhancement mode
device by the application of a suitable back bias that would change its threshold voltage to a
positive value. Symbols of diff. MOSFETs are shown below

(a) n-ch enhancement mode MOSFET

(b) p-ch enhancement mode MOSFET
(c) n-ch depletion mode MOSFET
(d) p-ch depletion mode MOSFET

Body Effect contd.. MOSFET Contd…

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Body Effect contd.. MOSFET Contd…