Minor-1: Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits (EC552) Duration: 1 Hour Marks: 15

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(1) In the circuit as shown in Figure 1, calculate the minimum and maximum on-resistances of
M1 . Assume that µn .Cox = 50 µA/V 2 , W 10
L = 1 , Vth = 0.7V , VDD = 3V . (2 marks)

Figure 1: Circuit-1

Ron = µ .C W 1(v −V ) = µ .C W (V 1 −v −V ) , where vg = VDD = 3 V and vs = vin , and

n ox L gs th n ox L DD in th
vgs = vg − vs
max =1.11 KOhm if v = 0.5 V
Ron s
min =870 Ohm if v = 0 V
Ron s

(2) In the circuit as shown in Figure 2, Cox = 26.08 C/m2 , W 20

L = 2 , CH = 1 pF , and Vth = 0.7 V .
Calculate the maximum pedestal error due to charge injection? (2 marks)

Figure 2: Circuit-2

Maximum vgs = vg − vs = 3 − 0 = 3 V
Maximum charge on the channel of M1 = Cox W L(vgs − Vth ) = 60 × 109 C
9
Maximum pedestal (voltage ) error due to the charge injection = 60×10
1 p = 60 mV

(3) In the circuit as shown in Figure 2, Cox = 26.08 C/m2 , W 20

L = 2 , CH = 1 pF , and Vth = 0.7 V .
Calculate the maximum pedestal error due to clock feedthrough? Let the overlap capacitance
of the transistor is Cgd = Cgs = 0.08 f F . (2 marks)
Cgd 0.08×10−15
Maximum pedestal (voltage ) error due to the clock feedthrough = Vclk . Cgd +CH = 3× (0.08×10−15 )+(1×10−12 )

Maximum pedestal (voltage ) error due to the clock feedthrough = 0.24 mV

(4) In the circuit as shown in Figure 2, µn .Cox = 50 µA/V 2 , W 10

L = 1 , Vth = 0.7V , CH = 1 pF ,
and vin (t) = Vm sin(win t). Also, Vm = 0.5 V and win = 2π × (100 M Hz). Calculate the max-
imum and minimum possible phase shifts at the output in degrees? (2 marks)
Ron = µ .C W 1(v −V ) = µ .C W (V 1 −v −V ) , where vg = VDD = 3 V and vs = vin , and
n ox L gs th n ox L DD in th
vgs = vg − vs

1
 max =1.11 KOhm if v = 0.5 V . The corresponding maximum phase shift = tan−1 (w ×
Ron s in
max × C ) = tan−1 (0.697) = 34.9 degrees
Ron H
min =71.42 Ohm if v = −0.5 V . The corresponding minimum phase shift = tan−1 (w ×
Ron s in
max × C ) = tan−1 (0.0448) = 0.3 degrees
Ron H

(5) In the circuit as shown in Figure 2, let the ON resistance (Ron ) of the transistor is 29.6 Ohm.
Let the hold capacitance CH = 1 pF . If vin =0 V, then the initial value of vout is 3 V. Estimate
the time required for vout to drop to 1 V? (2 marks)
Time constant τ = Ron .CH = 29.6 ps
According to the first order RC network, v(t) = V∞ + (Vo − V∞ )e−t/τ , where V∞ is the final
voltage at the output after reaching the steady state (i.e., V∞ = 0 V ) and Vo is the initial voltage
at the output (i.e., Vo = 3 V ).
Therefore, v(t) = 3e−t/τ
−12
When the output voltage is 1 V at time t, 1 = 3e−t/29.6×10 . So, t = 32.85 ps

(6) Explain charge injection and clock feedthrough at the sampling circuit with necessary dia-
grams. Also, explain the techniques to reduce the severity of these issues with corresponding
diagrams? (5)