Name: Nguyễn Quốc Khánh

Student ID: ITITIU18186

LAB 3 LRC CIRCUIT

Preparatory questions
1. Apply a sinusoidal voltage v  V0 sin(t) (V) to following circuits
a. Resistive circuit
𝜈R = V0 sin(𝜔𝑡) = 𝑉R sin(𝜔t)
νR VR
𝑖𝑅 = = sin(𝜔𝑡)  𝜈R and 𝑖R are in phase (𝜙 = 0)
R R
b. Inductive circuit
𝜈𝐿 = V0 sin (𝜔𝑡) = 𝑉𝐿 sin (𝜔𝑡)
π
𝑖𝐿 = 𝐼L cos (𝜔𝑡)  𝑖L lags 𝜈𝐿 by 90 ° (𝜙 = + )
2
c. Capacitive circuit
𝜈C = V0 sin (𝜔𝑡) = 𝑉C sin (𝜔t)
π
𝑖𝐶 = 𝐼𝐶 cos (𝜔𝑡)  𝑖𝐶 leads 𝜈𝐶 by 90 ° (𝜙 = − )
2
d. A series LRC circuit
𝑖 = 𝐼𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡 – 𝜙)
XL−XC XL−XC
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜙 =  𝜙 = tan-1 ( )
R R

Write down the expression for the current in each case. What is the phase difference
between the current and the applied voltage in each circuit above?

2. Plot quantitatively the graph of applied voltage and current as a function of time for the
circuits in Question 1. On the graph for each circuit, use V0  3V,   100rad / s,
R  10, C  10F, L  0.02H).
XL = L = 100 x 0.02 = 2; XC = 1/C = 1/(100 x 10 x 10-6) = 10-3
V 3
A series RLC circuit: I = = = 0.3 A
Z √ R + ( XL−Xc )2
2
 a) Resistive circuit

Current at t seconds: Voltage: V = 3.sin(100t)

I = 0.3.sin(100t)

b) Inductive circuit
Current: I = -1.5cos(100t) Voltage: V = 3sin(100t)

c) Capacitive circuit

π
Current: I = 0.003.sin(100t + )
2
Voltage: V = 3sin(100t)
RLC in series

XL = ωL=100 x 0.02=2 Ω
XC = 1000 Ω
XC > XL
X C− X L
Tanϕ = =99.8
R
 Φ = 90o

√
Z = R2 +( X L −X C )2=998.5 Ω
V0 3
Peak current: i0 = = ≈ 0.003
Z 998.5
 I = 0.003.sin(100t + 90o)

 Current: I = 0.003.sin(100t + 90o) Voltage: V = 3sin(100t)

3. A sinusoidal voltage v  3sin(t) (V) is applied to a series circuit with a resistor

R  10), a capacitor (C  10F) and an inductor (L  29mH). Calculate:

a. The resonance frequency.

b. The amplitude of the current at resonance.

c. The amplitude of the voltage across the inductor at the resonant frequency.

C = 10 F = 10 x 10-6 F; L = 29 mH = 29 x 10-3 H; R = 10 

1 1 ω 1857
a) 𝜔 = = ( −3 ) = 1857  f = = = 296 Hz.
√ LC √10 x 10 x 29 x 10
(− 6 )
2π 2π

√ ( )
2
1
The impedance 𝑍 = √ R + ( X L−X C ) = R + ωL−
2 2 2
= 10 Ω
ωC

V 3
b) The current amplitude at resonance: 𝐼 = = = 0.3
Z 10
c) The amplitude of the voltage across the inductor at the resonant frequency:

VL = ILXL = 0.3 x 1857 x 29 x 10-3 = 16(V)