Experimental Report 3

INDUCTOR AND FREE OSCILLATION IN RLC CIRCUIT

Class: TT KTVL 01 Verification of the instructors

Group: 1

Name: Nguyễn Đức Mạnh

ID: 20176623

I/Experiment Motivations

- Understanding the current across an inductor-resistor and RLC circuit.

- Calculating the energy of the oscillation RLC circuit.
II/Experimental result

Part 1: Resistance and Inductance of the coil

a.Without core

VS = 1(V)
I0 = 0.13 (A)
 Slope S = 922
The resistance of the coil:
V S 1.00
R L= = =7.70 (Ω)
I O 0.13

Coil inductance :
VS 1.00
LW /O = = =8.3 × 10−3 ( H )
I O × S 0.13 ×922

b.With core

VS = 1.00 (V)
I0 = 0.15 (A)
Slope S = 186

The resistance of the coil :

V S 1.00
R L= = =6.67(Ω)
I O 0.15
 Coil inductance :
VS 1.00
LW /O = = =3.6 × 10−2 (H )
I O × S 0.15 ×186

Explain: After putting the core inside the coil, the coil’s inductance is significantly increase
(from 8.3 mH to 36 mH). This phenomenon occurred because the core has higher
permeability than the air, so magnetic field can be transferred through the core easier,
thus the coil inductance increase.

Part 2: Free oscillation of the RLC circuit

a. Frequency

The current in RLC circuit:

T = 0.0018 (s)

Lw/o = 8.3x10-3 (H)

C = 10x10-6 (F)

The frequency based on the graph:

 1 1
f measured = = =555.6(Hz)
T 0.0018

The
frequency based on theoretical calculation:

1 1
f prediction= = =542.7( Hz)
2 π √ LC 2 π √ 8.6 ×10−3 ×10 ×10−6

Comparison:

Δ f =f prediction −f measured =542.7−833.3=12.9( Hz)

b.Energy

The total energy in RLC circuit:

1 1
U =U c + U L = C V 2 + L I 2
2 2
Comment:

- After stopping the electric power, the energy of the circuit does not decrease
rapidly to zero, it reduces to zero over a short period of time.

- The energy of oscillations of the coil and the capacitor are damped oscillations.
The difference in phase of them is 180 degree.

Explain:

The energy of the circuit loses by the heat of the resistor at rate i 2 R

The graph of total energy is steepest at the time that the magnetic energy reaches a
local maximum because in these times, the current through the coil is highest, and
the loss of energy is mainly due to the resistance of the coil ( ΔQ=i 2 R ).