Experimental Report 3

INDUCTOR AND FREE OSCILLATIONS IN RLC

CIRCUIT

Name: Nguyễn Hoàng Nam Verification of the instructors

Student ID: 20212380
Group: 4

I. Purpose of the experiment:

- Understanding the current across an inductor-resistor and RLC circuit.
- Calculating the energy of the oscillating RLC circuit.

II. Experimental results:

1. Resistance and inductance of the coil:
a) Without core:

VS = 1 (V)
I0 = 0.12 (A)
Slope S = 1018.69198

The resistance of the coil:

1
 VS 1
R L= = =8.3(Ω)
I 0 0.12
We have the coil’s inductance:
Vs 1
LW /O = = =8.2× 10−3 ( H )
I 0 × S 0.12× 1018.69198

b) With core:

VS = 1 (V)
I0 = 0.12 (A)
Slope S = 233.48229
The resistance of the coil:
VS 1
R L= = =8.3(Ω)
I 0 0.12
We have the coil’s inductance:
Vs 1
LW /O = = =35.7 ×10−3( H)
I 0 × S 0.12× 233.48229

Explain: After putting the core inside the coil, the coil’s inductance significantly
increases (from 8.2 mH to 35.7 mH). This phenomenon occurred because the core
has higher permeability than air, so magnetic field can be transferred through the core
easier, thus the increase in coil inductance.

2. Free oscillation of the RLC circuit:

a) Frequency:

2
 The current in RLC circuit:

T = 0.002 (s)
LW/O = 8.2×10-3 (H)
C = 10×10-6 (F)
The frequency based on the graph:
1 1
f measured = = =500 (Hz)
T 0.002
The frequency based on theoretical calculation:
1 1
f theoretical= = =555.8(Hz)
2 π √ LC 2 π √ 8.2 ×10 ×10 ×10
−3 −6

Comparison:
∆ f =|f theoretical −f measured|=|555.8−500|=55.8 (Hz)

b) Energy:

3
The total energy in RLC circuit:
1 2 1 2
U =U C +U L = C V + L I
2 2
1 −6 2 1 −3 2
¿ ×10 ×10 × 1 + × 8.2× 10 ×0.12
2 2
¿ 6.4 × 10−5 ( J )

Comment:
- After the electric power stops, the energy of the circuit does not drop
immediately to zero, it decreases to zero over a short period of time.
- The energy of oscillations of the coil and the capacitor are damped oscillations.
They have a 180-degree difference in phases.

Explanation:
- The energy of the circuit is lost in the form of heat by the resistor, the amount
being lost is I2R.
- The graph of total energy is steepest at the times that the magnetic energy
reaches a local maximum, because during these times the current through the
coil is highest, and the loss of energy is mainly due to the resistance of the coil
(ΔQ = I2R)