ELECTRICITY

MARY KRISTELLE U. MABBORANG BSCE 1-4

1. The amount of charge that passes through the filament of a certain light bulb in 2
seconds is 1.67 C.
A) What is the current in the light bulb?
Q
I=
t
1.67
I=
2
I =0.835 A

B) What is the number of electrons that pass through the filament in one second?
1e
=0.835 x −19
1.6 x 10 C
−18
¿ 5.22 x 10 electrons

2. Find the electric field acting on a 2.0 C charge if an electrostatic force of 10500 N acts on
the particle.
F = qe
10500 = (2.0) E
E = 5250 N/C

4. A battery has an emf of 12 V and connected to a resistor of 3 Ω. The current in the

circuit is 3.93 A. Calculate (a) terminal voltage and the internal resistance of the battery (b)
power delivered by the battery and power delivered to the resistor.
The given values I = 3.93 A, ξ = 12 V, R = 3 Ω
(a) The terminal voltage of the battery is equal to voltage drop across the resistor

The terminal voltage of the battery,

V = IR = 3.93 × 3 = 11.79 V

The internal resistance of the battery,

r = |ξ –V / V| R = | 12 11 .79 /11 .79 | × 3 = 0.05 Ω
b. Power delivered by the battery and Power delivered to the Resistor
The power delivered by the battery P = Iξ = 3.93 × 12 = 47.1 W
The power delivered to the resistor = I2 R = 46.3 W
The remaining power = (47.1 – 46.3) P = 0.772 W is delivered to the internal resistance and
cannot be used to do useful work. (it is equal to I2 r).

5. Lightning is a very good example of natural current. In typical lightning, there is 109
J energy transfer across the potential difference of 5 × 107 V during a time interval of
0.2 s. Using this information, estimate the following quantities
(a) total amount of charge transferred between cloud and ground

(b) the current in the lightning bolt

(c) the power delivered in 0.2 s.

Given: Solution & Answer:

U = 109 J a. 𝑞 = 𝑈 = 109 = 20 C
𝑉 5𝑥107
V = 5 x 107 V b. 𝐼 = 𝑞 = 20 100A

𝑡 0.2
t = 0.2 s c. 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 2 𝑠 = 𝑉𝐼 = (5𝑥107) (100)
= 5𝑥109𝑊 𝑜𝑟 5 𝐺𝑊
Required:
q =?
I =?
Power delivered in 2 s
Formula:
𝑈
𝑞=
𝑉
𝑞
𝐼=
𝑡

6. An electric flat iron draws a current of 15A when connected to a 110V line. (a) assuming
that the heating element of flat iron obeys Ohm’s law, what is its resistance? (b) what is the
resistivity of the heating element if it is a wire that is 2.5cm long with a cross sectional area
of 2 x 10−4 m2 ?
Given: I = 15A V = 110V L = 2.5cm = 0.025m A = 2 x1 0− 4 m2
Solution:
V 110 V
R= = =7.3 Ω
I 15 A
 L
R=p
A
0.025 m
7.3 Ω= p −4 2
2x 10 m
−2
p=5.9 x 10 Ω∙ m

7. The resistance of platinum wire at 30° C is 15 Ω . Find its resistance at 45° C . Note that
α =0.0039 /C at 20° C .
Given: T = 30° C R30=15 Ω α =0.0039 /C ° at 20° C .
Solution:
R30=R 20+ R20 α (30 ° C−20 ° C)
15 Ω=R 20+ R 20( 0.0039/C ° )(10° C)
R20=14.4 Ω
R45=R 20+ R 20 α (45 ° C−20 °C)
R45=14.4 Ω+(14.4 Ω)(0.0039/C °)(25 ° C)
R45=15.8 Ω

8.A 220 V – 5 A electric lamp is used for 30 minutes. How much energy does it require?
Formula:
P = (V)(I)
E = (P)(T)
Given: Solution & Answer:
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt P = (220 Volt) (5 Ampere) = 1100 Volt Ampere = 1100 Joule/second

Electric current (I) = 5 Ampere Electric energy = Electric power x time

Time (t) = 30 minss or 1800 s Electric energy = (1100 Joule/second) (1800 second)

9. If the resistance of coil is 3 Ω at 20 ºC. and α = 0.004/0C then determine its resistance at
100 ºC.
R0= 3 Ω, T = 100ºC, T0 = 20ºC
α = 0.004/ºCRT =?
RT= R0(1 + α(T-T0))
R100 = 3(1 + 0.004 × 80)
R100 = 3(1 + 0.32)
R100 = 3(1.32)
R100 = 3.96 Ω
10. Calculate the equivalent resistance for the circuit which is connected to 24 V battery
and also find the potential difference across 4 Ω and 6 Ω resistors in the circuit.
Since the resistors are connected in series, the effective resistance in the circuit
= 4 Ω + 6 Ω = 10 Ω
The Current I in the circuit= V/ Req = 24/10 = 2 .4 A
Voltage across 4Ω resistor
V1 = IR1 = 2. 4 A× 4 Ω = 9.6V
Voltage across 6 Ω resistor
V2 = IR1 = 2. 4 A× 6 Ω =14 .4V