Experimental Report 2

MEASUREMENT OF MAGNETIC FIELD INSIDE A

SOLENOID WITH FINITE LENGTH

Name: Nguyễn Hoàng Nam Verification of the instructors

Student ID: 20212380
Group: 4

I. Purpose of the experiment:

- Investigate the magnetic field at a position along the axis of solenoid.
- Investigate the relationship between the magnetic field and the current
through the solenoid.

II. Experimental results:

1. Investigation of the magnetic of the magnetic field at positions along the axis of
solenoid:
I = 0.212(A)

x (cm) B (mT) x (cm) B (mT) x (cm) B (mT)

0 0.46 11 0.98 22 0.97
1 0.73 12 0.98 23 0.97
2 0.85 13 0.98 24 0.96
3 0.91 14 0.98 25 0.96
4 0.94 15 0.98 26 0.94
5 0.95 16 0.98 27 0.92
6 0.96 17 0.98 28 0.87
7 0.97 18 0.98 29 0.76
8 0.97 19 0.98 30 0.48
9 0.97 20 0.98
10 0.97 21 0.98

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 2. Measurement of the relationship between magnetic field and the current through
the solenoid:

x = 15(cm)
U (V) B (mT) I (A)
3 0.70 0.152
6 1.32 0.285
9 1.89 0.409
12 2.53 0.543

3. Comparison of experimental and theoretical magnetic field:

I = 0.4(A)
x (cm) B (mT)
0 0.90
15 1.86
30 0.91

III. Data treatment:

1. Relationship between the magnetic field and the position of the probe inside the
solenoid:

1.2

0.8
B (mT)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
x (cm)

2
 *Error bar: horizontal: 2Δx = 0.2 (cm), vertical: 2ΔB = 0.02 (mT)

Comment:
The graph indicates that the magnetic field inside a solenoid depends on the position of
the probe inside. The magnitude of the magnetic field increases from the interval x =
0(cm) to x = 7(cm), then becomes stable until x = 23(cm), where it starts to decrease with
the exact same pace as its rise.

2. Relationship between the magnetic field and the applied voltage:

2.5

2
B (mT)

1.5

0.5

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
U(V)

*Error bar: horizontal: 2ΔU = 0.2 (V), vertical: 2ΔB = 0.02 (mT)

Comment:
The graph indicates that the magnitude of the magnetic field and the voltage has a linear
relationship. In this case, the resistance is unchanged, so the current also has a linear
relationship with the voltage. Overall, the relationship between the magnetic field and the

3
applied current is also linear.

3. Comparison of experimental and theoretical magnetic field:

We have:
μ0 μ r
B= I n ¿
2 0 0
In this case, μr =1
N 750
n 0= = =2500
L 30 ×10−2
I 0=I × √2=0.4 × √2=0.566 (A)
x
cos γ 1=
√ R2 +r 2
−L−x
cos γ 2=
√ R2 +(L−x)2
D 40.3
R= = =20.15 (mm)
2 2
Case 1: x = 0 (cm)
We have cos γ 1=0 ; cos γ 2=−0.998
μ0 μ r
B= I n ¿
2 0 0

Case 2: x = 15 (cm)
We have cos γ 1=0.991; cos γ 2 =−0.991
μ0 μ r
B= I n ¿
2 0 0

Case 3: x = 30 (cm)
We have cos γ 1=0 ; cos γ 2=0.998
μ0 μ r
B= I n ¿
2 0 0

Comparison between theoretical results and experimental results:

x (cm) Btheoretical (mT) Bexperimental (mT)

0 0.89 0.90
15 1.76 1.86
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 30 0.89 0.91

Compared with the theoretical results, the results from the experiment are
approximately close. The differences come from the uncertainty of the instruments used.