BOSH0101 - Chapter3 - Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards - For PDF

BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR.
GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards

What is meant by “OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH”???
As defined by the “ILO/ WHO”…
…is the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of
physical, mental and social well-being (SAFETY) of workers in all
occupations by… ILO – International Labor Organization
WHO – World Health Organization
PREVENTING PROTECTING PLACING worker

workers from workers from in tasks suitable
getting
BOSH0101: sick
Basic Occupational Safetyhealth ENGR. GSROBLES, MEMto his
& Health/risks ability Health & Occupational Hazards
Occupational
For the worker/s
to be “safe” in the
workplace at any
given Industry, the
workplace should
be free from
hazards/ hazards at
the workplace
should be kept at a
minimum.
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards
As hazards are the causes of accidents resulting into
either injuries, damage of property, or worst human casualty.
These are also the reasons on why workers tend to suffer from
occupational disease/s.
Caricature
BOSH0101: showing the
Basic Occupational different
Safety kindsGSROBLES,
& Health/ ENGR. of accidents that a worker
MEM Occupational might
Health encounter
& Occupational Hazards
From hazards posed in his/ her workplace.
The “Hierarchy of
Controls” is a system used to
deploy effective controls
within an organization,
workplace, or community to
identify the most effective
ways to control a hazard.
Shown is the hierarchy of
controls to identify the best
practices for controlling a
person’s exposure to SARS-
Hierarchy
BOSH0101: Basic ofSafety
Occupational Controls
CoV-2.
& Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards
What are the “OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD/S”???
Occupational Hazard/s are risks that can cause ill-health
associated with working on specified occupations. There are four
(4) major categories listed as follows:
1_Physical Hazards
2_Chemical Hazards
3_Ergonomic Hazards
4_Biological Hazards
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational
Hazards1q2
1_Physical Hazards such as noise, illumination, vibration,
extremes of temperature & radiation…
Noise Vibration
Illumination Extreme Radiation

BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Temperature
Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards
2_Chemical Hazards such as dusts, gases, vapors, & mists which
could cause minor & serious health issues &
worst, death…
Dusts
Vapors
Gases Mists
3_Ergonomic Hazards due to improper posture, forceful exertions,
monotonous tasks, etc…
Monotonous
Improper Posture Tasks
Forceful
exertions
4_Biological Hazards that can cause harm to humans such as
viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites…
Viruses Fungi
Bacteria Parasites
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: NOISE
1A_NOISE -- Is a harmful & unwanted

sound that is characterized
by three (3) parameters:
1A.1_Frequency -- measured in HERTZ (cycles per second).

1A.2_Loudness -- intensity of the sound, measured in DECIBEL (dB).
1A.3_Duration -- length of exposure (continuous, intermittent,
burst, waxing/ waning).
PERMISSIBLE NOISE EXPOSURE (OSHA 1981) – maximum sound level

for a given amount of time, where a worker need not
wear a hearing protection provided that:
Duration per DAY in HOURS: Sound Level (Decibel, dB):
8.0 90
4.0 93
2.0 96
1.0 99
0.5 102
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational0.25
Safetyor lessENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational
& Health/ 105 Health & Occupational Hazards
ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS:

-- Acoustic Trauma leading to “Deafness” or also known as
“PERMANENT THRESHOLD SHIFT (PTS)” usually from very loud
explosions.
-- Acoustic Trauma leading to “Temporary Deafness” or also
known as “TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT (TTS)” usually from less
noisier explosions (fireworks). Hearing recovery takes place
after 1-2 days.

-- When hearing is damaged, sounds seemed to be muffled/
ringing or suffering from “TINNITUS” (perceiving a sound that
does not exist).
-- Noise also affects not only your hearing but also your entire
well-being leading to:
Nervousness, hypertension, hyperacidity, irritability, & sleeping
difficulties.
-- This eventually leads to “POOR COMMUNICATION”….
METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

1_ENGINEERING CONTROL
-- Purchase new equipment that produces lesser noise.

-- Enhance preventive maintenance to control the noise.
-- Isolate the noisy part of the equipment/ introduce
dampening mechanisms.

2_ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL:
-- Lessen “EXPOSURE”, if the noise cannot be totally be eradicated
or dampened dramatically
3_PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT/ PPE:

-- Worker must wear EAR LUGS/
EAR MUFFS, if the noise cannot
be totally be eradicated or
dampened
BOSH0101: dramatically.
Basic Occupational Ear lugs/
Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational plugs
Health Ear muff
& Occupational Hazards
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE:
-- Pre-placement screening, medical
history, & physical examination with
attention to hearing acuity.
-- Periodic examination as in
undergoing an “ANNUAL AUDIOMETRIC
SCREENING” (at least once a year).
1B_VIBRATION -- Continuous low frequency

oscillation that is more
likely to be felt than heard.
It affects the body through
direct contact.
There are two (2) types of Vibration, namely “WHOLE BODY

VIBRATION” & “SEGMENTAL VIBRATION”.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: VIBRATION
TWO TYPES OF VIBRATION:

1_Whole body vibration – mainly in transport/ transportation
like earth moving machinery, forklift, &
alike.
Adverse health effects include (1)
changes in bone structure; (2) Increase
in oxygen consumption; (3) Changes in
the central nervous system with
difficulty in maintaining a steady
posture
TWO TYPES OF VIBRATION:

2_Segmental vibration – mainly through the use of vibrating
tools like pneumatic hammers, motor
saws, grinding machines, etc..
Adverse health effects include (1) bone & joint disorders; &
(2) hand-arm vibration syndrome (trembling, numbness, muscle
weakness).
history, & physical examination with
special attention to peripheral and the
nervous locomotor systems.
-- Periodic examination at least once a
year subjecting the exposed body part
to an x-ray examination.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: INAPPROPRIATE ILLUMINATION
1C_ILLUMINATION -- The visibility of a workplace as a result of

the light/ lighting source which is either
natural or artificial and is measured in
“lumens’ or “lux”.
It is important that we see what we are doing. Below is a

summary of illumination required based on activity.
Activity: Minimum Illumination (lux)

Active storage 50
Production line 300
Clerical work 500
Fine movement work 1000
*BRIGHT – if the workplace *DARK – if the workplace

illumination is HIGHER illumination is LOWER than
than the recommended. the recommended.
Proper lighting decreases the risks of accidents while

improving productivity as the task can be clearly seen decreasing
errors & wastage of materials.
It is also important to note that

QUANTITY of illumination alone is not enough
but QUALITY as well. This as “SHADOWS &
SILHOUETTES” can be produced by improper
light sources or by non-uniform light
distribution.
Hazardous sources of LIGHT:
Strobe Lights Blue Light
Halogen Bulbs UV & X-Radiation
ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS OF INAPPROPRIATE

ILLUMINATION:
-- A poorly lighted workplace can

result into “VISUAL FATIGUE”
(double vision, headache, eye
redness (conjunctivitis),
production of excess tears
(lacrimation).
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Double
Occupational Vision
Health & Occupational Hazards
-- Pre-placement screening (ISHIHARA
TEST- Test to see the colors as they are),
medical history, & eye examination with
special attention to visual acuity
(Measures ability to discern fine detail)
& visual field (Measures the ability to
see the whole panorama).
Visual (Eye) tests
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: EXTREME TEMPERATURE
1D_TEMPERATURE -- is a physical quantity

which is a measure of the hotness/
coldness of a body/ surrounding.
-- It is the manifestation of thermal
energy, present in all matter, the
source of the occurrence of heat, a
flow of energy, when two bodies/
surroundings differ in
temperature.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: EXTREME (HIGH) TEMPERATURE
DISORDERS: CAUSES: MAIN CLINICAL FEATURES: TREATMENT: PROGNOSIS:
HEAT CRAMPS Loss of water Cramps in limbs Rest, fluids with Complete
and electrolytes added salt recovery
HEAT Physical Dizziness, blurring of Rest, cooling in Complete
EXHAUSTION exertion, loss of vision with cold and very well-ventilated recovery
water & wet/ sweating skin surroundings
electrolytes
HEAT STROKE Failure of Convulsions, muscle Stripping down High mortality;
temperature twitch, Temp > 41°C and vigorous poor memory &
control center in cooling with ice concentration,
brain baths headache
HEAT Physical Dizziness, blurring of Rest, cooling in Complete
EXHAUSTION exertion, loss of vision with cold and very well-ventilated recovery
water & wet/ sweating skin surroundings
electrolytes
WHAT TO DO (HOT WEATHER)???

How to keep cool???
-- Keep out of direct sunlight as much as possible.
-- Ensure there is air circulation in the area.
-- Avoid unnecessary quick movements.
-- Avoid wearing tight clothes or those which prevent evaporation
of perspiration.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: EXTREME (VERY LOW) TEMPERATURE
STAGE CORE TEMPERATURE MAIN CLINICAL FEATURES
Mild 37.2-36.1ºC Normal, shivering may begin.

hypothermia
36.1-35ºC Cold sensation, goose bumps, unable to perform complex tasks with hands, shivering
can be mild to severe, hands numb.
Moderate 35-33.9ºC Shivering, intense, muscle incoordination becomes apparent, movements slow and
Hypothermia labored, stumbling pace, mild confusion, may appear alert.
33.9-32.2ºC Violent shivering persists, difficulty speaking, sluggish thinking, amnesia starts to
appear, gross muscle movements sluggish, unable to use hands, stumbles frequently,
difficulty speaking, signs of depression, withdrawn.
Severe 32.2-30ºC Shivering stops, exposed skin blue of puffy, muscle coordination very poor, inability to
Hypothermia walk, confusion, incoherent/irrational behavior, but may be able to maintain posture
and appearance of awareness
30-27.8ºC Muscle rigidity, semiconscious, stupor, loss of awareness of others, pulse and
respiration rate decrease, possible heart fibrillation.
27.8-25.6ºC Unconscious, a heart beat and respiration erratic, a pulse may not be obvious.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: : EXTREME (VERY LOW) TEMPERATURE
WHAT TO DO (VERY COLD WEATHER)???

How to keep warm???
-- Choose clothing which allows moisture to escape but does not
allow wind and rain to penetrate: waterproof clothing tends to
prevent evaporation of moisture
-- Bulky clothes should be avoided as they hamper movement –
a number of layers of clothing is preferred.
-- Use facilities for preparing hot meals and for storing and drying
clothes.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: RADIATION
1D_RADIATION -- is energy that comes from a

source and travels through
space at the speed of light.
-- Too much radiation has

cancer causing symptoms
that if left untreated leads to
death.
1_PHYSICAL HAZARDS: RADIATION
HEALTH EFFECTS OF RADIATION:

Radiation Sources Effects
Non-Ionizing (low type
energy radiation):
Ultraviolet Sunlight, Welding Arc flash erythema, skin cancer,
sunburn
Microwaves Radar, Ovens Can interfere with pacemaker &

medical devices
Infrared Glass Blowing, Cataracts

Furnaces
Ionizing Radiation (high
type energy radiation)
X-rays, Gamma rays Cancer, congenital defects, death
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS
2_CHEMICAL HAZARD is any

substance that can cause
a health problem when
directly contacted,
ingested, or inhaled. They
include toxins, dangerous
chemicals, residue of
excess chemicals used in
various processes.
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS
A “DUST” is a chemical hazard,

a finely divided solid particle
ranging in 0.1 to 150 micron sizes.
Dust particles of 10 microns
settle down from the air rapidly.
They can cause skin

irritability and breathing
problems.
Skin Rashes/ Irritations Breathing Difficulty
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS
Most chemical hazards that provide lethal/ damaging

effects are in the form of “GASES”, as they are invisible in that
certain gases are actually treated to obtain a particular smell.
“LPG (propane & butane) is odorless in its original state”…
Gases can be simple (oxygen, hydrogen); asphyxiating

(carbon monoxide, cyanide, sulfur dioxide, chlorine); &
anaesthetic (chloroform, ether, trichorethylene).
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: CORROSIVES
TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

2A_CORROSIVES:
-- A corrosive material is a highly reactive
substance that causes obvious damage to
living tissue. Corrosives act either directly,
by chemically destroying the part
(oxidation), or indirectly by causing
inflammation.
-- Acids and bases are common corrosive materials. Corrosives
such as these are also sometimes referred to as “caustics”.
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: FLAMMABLES

2B_FLAMMABLES:
-- Are substances that will ignite and continue
to burn when brought into contact with an
ignition source. Flammable substances can
exist in a solid, liquid or gaseous state.
-- They are highly volatile chemicals which emit hazardous

vapours which when these vapours mix with air, they form a
flammable mixture that easily ignites in the presence of an
ignition source.
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: TOXINS

2C_TOXINS:
-- Are poisonous or extremely toxic
when breathed, taken through the
stomach, or absorbed through the skin.
Even in small doses such chemicals
can cause instant death or serious
illness, e.g., Sulfur Dioxide, Potassium
Cyanide, etc.
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: REACTIVES

2D_REACTIVES:
-- Reactive chemicals are defined as those
substances which can, in contact with air,
water or other common substances,
vigorously or violently give off heat, energy
or toxic gases or vapors.
-- Examples of highly reactive chemicals
are explosives, peroxides, water-reactives,
and pyrophorics.
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS

-- Poisoning
-- Nausea & vomiting
-- Headache
-- Skin rashes
-- Chemical burns
-- Lung, kidney, or liver disease
-- Nervous system disorders
-- BirthBasic
BOSH0101: defects
Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

1_ENGINEERING CONTROL:
-- Isolate/ enclose the process, provide ventilation.
Isolation
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Providing
Safety & Health/ ENGR. draft
GSROBLES, MEMfans for ventilation
Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards
2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

-- Provide annual proper training, provide safety signs & MSDS
(Material safety Data Sheet).
Annual Safety Training Posting of Signages MSDS

2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS

3_PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
-- Provide the necessary “PPE” to safeguard the worker from
the immediate hazards due to chemical exposure.
Hazmat suit, respirators, gloves, & boots

2_CHEMICAL HAZARDS
MEDICAL SURVEILANCE:
history, & over-all physical examination.
undergoing an “ANNUAL PHYSICAL
CHECK-UP/ SCREENING” (at least once a
year).
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
WHAT IS MEANT BY ERGONOMIC HAZARDS???

-- Are physical factors in the environment that may cause
musculoskeletal injuries/ diseases (MSD’s) mainly due to improper
posture, forceful exertions, monotonous tasks/ movements, mental
stress, etc.
-- The main areas of concern for
Ergonomic Hazards include: (1)
equipment lay-out & operation; & (2)
manual way of material handling.
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational
Incorrect Working PosturesHazards
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
WHAT IS MEANT BY ERGONOMICS???

-- Is the science of fitting jobs to workers instead of trying to get
the worker to fit the job by focusing
on designing workstations, and on
the tools used to be safe as much
as possible.
-- Ergonomics increases safety as it
seeks to decrease fatigue and
injuries, by increasing comfort that
in turn results in job satisfaction
and eventually productivity.
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS: ERGONOMICS
-- Ergonomics is important because when you’re doing a job and

your body is stressed by an awkward posture your musculoskeletal
system is affected. Symptoms such as fatigue, discomfort, and pain,
are possible first signs of a musculoskeletal disorder.
-- Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD’s) are cumulative and chronic
injuries of the soft tissue-muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves,
joints, and blood vessels. The body has limits and can fail or wear
out when abused or misused. MSDs are defined as injuries to
muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, nerves and discs that are
caused or aggravated by our actions and/or environment that does
not follow safe and healthy work practice.
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS : ERGONOMICS
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARD: ERGONOMICS
FACTORS THAT MAY LEAD TO MUSCOSKELETAL DISEASE/ MSD:
MUSCOSKELETAL DISORDERS:
TYPICAL SYMPTOMS OF MSD’s:

-- Pain
-- Weakness
-- Stiffness
-- Sensitivity
-- Swelling
-- Burning Sensation
-- Tingling
-- Drowsiness
-- Difficulty Moving
-- Clumsiness
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

-- Eliminate the risk.
-- Change workplace equipment to lessen the risk.
-- Reduce time of exposure to the risk by introducing JOB
ROTATION/ ENHANCING WORK SCHEDULE.
-- Establish proper work habits/ practices through
annual proper training/ seminars, provide safety
signs, & institute stretching/ fitness programs.
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

3_PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
-- Make use of the proper “PPE” to lessen exposure to
ergonomic hazards.
Ergonomic
BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GlovesOccupational
GSROBLES, MEM Elbow and&knee
Health pads Hazards
Occupational
3_ERGONOMIC HAZARDS: MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
year).
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
3_BIOLIGICAL HAZARD
-- Also known as “biohazard”, is a
biological substance that poses a
threat to the health of living
organisms, animals, primarily humans.
-- It includes viruses, bacteria, fungi,
parasites and that they can pose a
threat to human health when they are
inhaled, eaten or come in contact
with skin.
-- A “Biological Hazard” can cause illnesses such as food

poisoning when foods are improperly cooked/ handled/
processed. As these eventually leads to the presence of bacteria,
virus, or parasites, the three (3) most likely causes.
Food Poisoning (bacteria, virus, fungi,

parasites)
-- A “Biological Hazard” can also cause illnesses such as tetanus

caused by a bacteria which can be found everywhere in the
environment (soil, dust, and manure).
-- There is a 50/50 chance rate of
survival if you are afflicted with
tetanus.
Tetanus (bacterial infection)

-- A “Biological Hazard” can also cause illnesses caused by a virus

such as dengue, hepatitis, FMD (Foot and Mouth Disease),
respiratory infections (SarsCov), hemorrhagic fever (Ebola), HIV,
etc.
Respiratory Infection (Sars CoV) The Liver & Hepatitis AIDS (AIDS)
-- A “Biological Hazard” can also cause illnesses caused by a

parasitic infection from contaminated food/ water, bug bite, or
sexual contact.
Parasite Infection (parasite)

4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: VIRUSES
4A_VIRUS
-- A microscopic infectious agent that
can only replicate inside the living
cells of organisms, they infect host
cells to reproduce, can learn to adopt
to immune responses & are difficult to
treat compared to a bacteria.
A SARS-CoVid-19 virus
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: VIRUSES
WORST VIRUS IN THE LAST FOURTY (40) YEARS:

1_Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (2019-present)
2_Ebola virus (2013)
3_Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (2012)
4_Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A/H1N1) (2009)
5_Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (2002)
6_Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1981)

4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: BACTERIA
4B_BACTERIA
-- Bacteria are microscopic, single-
celled organisms that exist in millions
in every environment, both inside and
outside other organisms.
Some bacteria are harmful, but
most serve a useful purpose. They
support many forms of life, both plant
and animal, and they are used in A magnified bacteria sample
industrial and medicinal processes.
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: FUNGI
4C_FUNGI
-- A lower group of plants
that lack chlorophyll (green
color) and exists
throughout the environment
as a food (mushrooms) and Molds Smuts
are used as medication.

Others are less desirable as
molds on food and spores
which can cause diseases.
Yeasts Mushrooms
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: PARASITES
4D_PARASITE
-- An organism that lives on a host organism’s intestines (animals
& humans) getting its food at the expense of its host.
Common Parasites that may be found in/ within a human body.

4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: PARASITES
-- They deprive the

host from vital
nutrients leading to
diseases like malaria,
elephantiasis
(lymphatic filariasis),
the two most common
type of parasitic
diseases.
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

-- Use of containment
laboratories hosting such
BIOHAZARDS makes use of
high security systems.
Containment systems have immense security

systems and makes use of the negative pressure
systems.
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: TYPES OF CONTROL

-- Creation of safe operating procedures (safety signs,
MDSS), complex training, and round the clock supervision
and security.
3_PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE):

-- Use of hazmat suits, breathing
apparatus, gloves, shoes that are fit for the
job. Use of hazmat suits are precisely for
biological hazards.
4_BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
-- Pre-immunization prior to relocation
on the job on hand.
year) or
BOSH0101: as
Basic necessary.
Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR. GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards

BOSH0101 - Chapter3 - Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards - For PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

BOSH0101 - Chapter3 - Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards - For PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BOSH0101: Basic Occupational Safety & Health/ ENGR.

GSROBLES, MEM Occupational Health & Occupational Hazards

PREVENTING PROTECTING PLACING worker

Illumination Extreme Radiation

1A_NOISE -- Is a harmful & unwanted

1A.1_Frequency -- measured in HERTZ (cycles per second).

PERMISSIBLE NOISE EXPOSURE (OSHA 1981) – maximum sound level

ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS:

ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS:

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

-- Purchase new equipment that produces lesser noise.

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

3_PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT/ PPE:

1B_VIBRATION -- Continuous low frequency

There are two (2) types of Vibration, namely “WHOLE BODY

TWO TYPES OF VIBRATION:

TWO TYPES OF VIBRATION:

1C_ILLUMINATION -- The visibility of a workplace as a result of

It is important that we see what we are doing. Below is a

Activity: Minimum Illumination (lux)

*BRIGHT – if the workplace *DARK – if the workplace

Proper lighting decreases the risks of accidents while

It is also important to note that

Hazardous sources of LIGHT:

Strobe Lights Blue Light

ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS OF INAPPROPRIATE

-- A poorly lighted workplace can

1D_TEMPERATURE -- is a physical quantity

WHAT TO DO (HOT WEATHER)???

STAGE CORE TEMPERATURE MAIN CLINICAL FEATURES

Mild 37.2-36.1ºC Normal, shivering may begin.

WHAT TO DO (VERY COLD WEATHER)???

1D_RADIATION -- is energy that comes from a

-- Too much radiation has

HEALTH EFFECTS OF RADIATION:

Microwaves Radar, Ovens Can interfere with pacemaker &

Infrared Glass Blowing, Cataracts

2_CHEMICAL HAZARD is any

A “DUST” is a chemical hazard,

They can cause skin

Most chemical hazards that provide lethal/ damaging

Gases can be simple (oxygen, hydrogen); asphyxiating

TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

-- They are highly volatile chemicals which emit hazardous

TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS:

ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS:

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

Annual Safety Training Posting of Signages MSDS

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

Hazmat suit, respirators, gloves, & boots

WHAT IS MEANT BY ERGONOMIC HAZARDS???

WHAT IS MEANT BY ERGONOMICS???

-- Ergonomics is important because when you’re doing a job and

TYPICAL SYMPTOMS OF MSD’s:

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

METHOD/ TYPES OF CONTROL:

-- A “Biological Hazard” can cause illnesses such as food

Food Poisoning (bacteria, virus, fungi,

-- A “Biological Hazard” can also cause illnesses such as tetanus

Tetanus (bacterial infection)

BRIGHT – if the workplace DARK – if the workplace