L E A R N T O D R AW

Pat ri ci a Wat wood

 Supplies & Materials

Leaf Onion & Leek

• 11" x 14" pad of drawing paper, white in addition to same materials for leaf and skull
(Patty recommends Strathmore) • Light blue Canson paper, (15.5" x 12.75"),
• Drawing board with clips prepared as an 11" x 14" rectangle formatting
• No. 2 pencils • White pastel pencil
• White eraser • White NuPastel stick
• Kneaded eraser
• Blending stump
STILL LIFE OBJECTS
Two leeks and one white onion (medium to large)
STILL LIFE OBJECTS
Small branch with leaf, or leaf cutting, mounted
vertically to the wall or a board with a nail or pin.
Gray paper background.
Pitcher & Jar
in addition to same materials for leaf, skull, onion & leek
• Green “Mi-Tiente” Canson paper (15.5" x 12.75"),
Skull prepared as an 11" x 14" rectangle formatting
• White pastel
in addition to same materials for leaf
• White NuPastel stick
• Ruler, 12" or 18" • White Pitt pastel (soft) pencil
• HB pencils • Ruler or caliper
• 3B pencils
• Homemade viewfinder
• Slender knitting needle or long skewer

STILL LIFE OBJECTS

Deer skull mounted vertically to the wall or a board with a
nail, and twine. Held in place with screws and modeling clay.
Gray paper background.

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 Reference Photos

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 Reference Photos

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 Reference Photos

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 Reference Photos

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 Reference Photos

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• Block-in: Quickly made marks
representing the general shape
and proportion of masses, or the
act of making those marks. The
block-in functions as an armature or
guide with which you can create an
accurate contour drawing.
• Block-in lines: Line segments that
make up the block-in.
• Line quality: The visual features of a
line (e.g. light, dark, sketchy, crisp)
• Triangulation: Technique used to
measure the relative position of two
or more points
• Soft edge: Fuzzy or blurry edge
• Hard edge: Sharp edge, an edge
depicted with a clear line
Hard
Edge
Soft
Edge
• Envelope: A three- to six-sided
simple shape that contains your
object
• Contour: Lines that define the outer
edges of a shape, creating an outline;
a type of drawing that ues line to
define shapes and forms.
• Value: Relative lightness and
darkness of an object, shape or
material
• Tone: Light and dark values used to
render an object
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Glossary
• Form shadow: The dark side of the
object on which light falls
• Cast shadow: Shadow made by an
object or figure as it blocks the light
Light
Source
Highlight Reflected
Light
Terminator Cast Shadow
• Highlight: The brightest point where
the light hits object and is then
reflected towards the eye
• Reflected light: Light reflecting off
the surface and other forms onto
an object. It is always located on the
shadow side of the object.
• Turning edge: The boundary
between the light mass and the
terminator, characterized by gentle
transitions
• Terminator: The place on an object
where the light source no longer hits
the object and it falls into shadow;
the edge of the form shadow
• Horizon line: Line that separates sky
from land or water. Also refers to
height of viewer’s eye when looking
at a scene.
• Ellipse: Circle in perspective
• Central axis: An imaginary line down
the middle of an object that shows
its primary direction in the longest
direction
• Gesture line: A fluid line that
indicates the central line of energy
in an object, often expressing
movement or growth
• Z-axis: Any line that leads to a
vanishing point (as opposed to
following a horizontal or vertical axis)
• Pictorial space: Area within the
picture plane that appears to recede
into space
• Local color: The color of a subject
(e.g. green leaf of a leek) that doesn’t
change regardless of light and dark
• Ground plane: The surface on which
objects in your picture plane rest,
perpendicular to the picture plane
• Hatching: The building of tone using
thin, parallel strokes or lines
• Crosshatching: The building of tone
using two or more intersecting layers
of hatching
Hatching
• Picture plane: The surface of a
picture, perpendicular to the ground
plane; an imaginary “window” behind
which the picture is viewed.
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