LAB 12: Design and Simulation of BCD to Seven Segment Decoder using

Breadboard with Decoder IC and Seven-Segment Display.

An assignment submitted by
RAKSHIKA SHARMA(2023BTECH065)
(Section – B)
under the supervision of
SURBHI CHHABRA MA’AM AND
DIVANSHU JAIN SIR
in partial fulfilment of
the requirements for the course of
EE1120:DIGITAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
to the
Institute of Engineering & Technology (IET)
JK Lakshmipat University Jaipur
(29 MARCH 2024)
 *AIM*
The experiment's goal is to generate a binary-coded decimal (BCD) for a seven-segment
decoder using a breadboard, a decoder IC, and a seven-segment display. This entails utilizing
knowledge of the decoder and its truth table to confirm whether or not the output that is
produced corresponds to the intended outcome.
*THEORY*
A predetermined amount of binary bits is used to encode each decimal digit from 0 to 9 in
Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) representation of numbers. Each digit in BCD is typically
represented by four bits, which makes it an easy-to-understand method of storing decimal
numbers in binary form. This encoding makes addition and subtraction easier by enabling
direct manipulation and arithmetic operations on decimal digits. BCD is utilized in many
different disciplines, such as digital displays, where it is frequently used to drive seven-
segment displays, which present numerical data in a legible manner for the viewer. BCD is a
useful tool in embedded systems and digital electronics because of its simplicity and ease of
usage.
A digital display device that is frequently used to depict numerical digits from 0 to 9
is a seven-segment display. It is made up of seven LED (Light Emitting Diode) segments that
have been placed in a certain way to resemble the number "8". Letters 'a' through 'g' are used
to identify each segment, and if necessary, there is also a separate segment for the decimal
point. Different digits can be displayed by turning these segments on and off selectively.
For instance, just segments 'b' and 'c' must be illuminated in order to display the
number '1', whereas segments 'a', 'b', and 'c', among others, must be active in order to display
the number '7'. Seven-segment displays are simple, easy to operate, and consume little power.
As such, they are commonly found in digital clocks, electronic meters, calculators, and many
other electronic devices. They provide numerical data in a condensed style that is
comprehensible and understandable.
There are several types of seven-segment LED displays, each with its own characteristics and
applications. Here are some common types:
1. Common Anode (CA):
Each cathode in a common anode display is connected to a different pin, whereas
all of the LED segments' anodes are connected collectively and receive a positive
voltage. The matching cathode pin is grounded (logic LOW) to light a segment.
Widely used common anode displays are generally simpler to link with digital
electronics.
2. Common Cathode (CC):
Each anode of a common cathode display is linked to a different pin, however all
of the LED segments' cathodes are connected collectively and grounded. A
positive voltage (logic HIGH) is applied to the matching anode pin in order to
light up a segment.
Although less frequent, ordinary cathode displays are still utilized in some
applications.
The input (A, B, C, and D) is fed into a seven-segment decoder, which has four input
lines and seven output lines (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G). A seven-segment LED display
receives the output and uses the input to display decimal numbers.
 *The truth table for Common Cathode*
A B C D a b c d e f g
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1

• All that is required to solve a seven-segment LED display with a

common anode type is to switch all of the "0s" and "1s" on the output side, or, in the case of
segments A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, all of the "1s" to "0s" and vice versa, using K-map.
• In the truth table, the output corresponds to '0' for the initial set of inputs (A, B, C, and D)
and '9' for the final set. In a similar manner, the remaining matches go from 2 to 8 down from
the top.
• Since the BCD numbers only range from 0 to 9, inputs that fall outside of this range are not
accepted.
 *EXPLANATION*
One sort of electronic display device that is frequently used to depict numerical digits from 0
to 9 is the seven-segment LED display. It is made up of seven separate LED (Light Emitting
Diode) segments that have been placed in a certain way to resemble the number "8". Letters
'a' through 'g' are used to identify each segment, and if necessary, there is also a separate
segment for the decimal point.
The components are broken out as follows:
• The top horizontal segment is represented by segment 'a'.
• The top-left, bottom-left, bottom, bottom-right, and top-right segments are
represented, respectively, by segments 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', and 'f'.
• The middle horizontal section is represented by segment 'g'.
• The decimal point is represented by an optional segment.
You light up the relevant sections just when you want to see a particular number. For
instance:
• Segments "a" through "f" are lighted to display the digit "0," while segment "g" is
shut off.
• Segments 'b' and 'c' are the only ones that light up to show '1'.
• Section 'a', 'b', 'g', 'e', and segment 'd' are activated for '2', and so on for the remaining
digits.
*Display combination of decimal numbers is given below.*
 *Karnaugh Maps*
For other combinations of input, the output is “don’t care X” as there are no more digits to
display. We will derive the expression for each output using Karnaugh map (K-MAP).
For output a: For output b: For output c: For output d:

For output e: For output f: For output g:

 *COMPONENTS*

Switchs and
registers also

*Experiment Observation And Results*

 *Learning Outcomes*
1. Neighboring resistors should not be touched in order to prevent oscillations in the 7-
segment decoder's output.
2. The 7-segment breadboard teaches us how to use common cathode BCDC in the right
way.
3. Since it is helpful to us, we learn how to connect all connections and display numbers
using the truth table overview.
4. In addition, the 7-segment decoder's connection needs to be added in accordance with
its corresponding number; otherwise, the output could become flawed.
5. In such cases, truth tables and K-maps come in very handy.

So, that we may utilize it in real life as well, the seven-segment display is used to display
digits in timepieces, calculators, digital watches, and numerous measuring equipment.