MODALS

MODAL AUXILIARY VERB/MODAL VERBS

Modals, also known as modal verbs or modal auxiliary verbs, are a category
of auxiliary verbs used to express various kinds of meanings such as
possibility, necessity, ability, permission, obligation, and volition. They
often modify the main verb in a sentence to indicate the speaker's attitude
toward what is being expressed.
 CAN

Expresses ability: "She can play

the piano."
Expresses permission: "You can
borrow my book."
Expresses possibility: "It can get
quite hot in the summer."
 Could:
Past ability: "He could swim when he was a child."
Past permission: "You could go out whenever you
wanted."
Polite request: "Could you please pass the salt?"
May:
Expresses possibility or permission: "It may rain
later." / "You may leave the room."
May also express a wish or hope: "May you have a
happy birthday."
1. Might:
Similar to 'may', expresses possibility: "There might be some cake
left."
Often used to express uncertainty: "I might go to the party, but I'm
not sure yet.
Must:
Indicates necessity or strong obligation: "You must study for the
exam."
Sometimes used to express a high degree of probability: "The phone
must be in my bag."
Shall:
Primarily used in formal or legal contexts.
Indicates future action or intention: "We shall meet at the usual
place."
In some contexts, can express a suggestion or recommendation:
"Shall we go for a walk?"
 Should:
Indicates advisability or obligation: "You should eat more
vegetables."
Can also express expectation: "They should arrive soon."
Will:
Indicates future action, intention, or willingness: "I will help you
with your project."
Often used for predictions or promises: "It will rain tomorrow."
Would:
Often used to express a hypothetical situation or polite request:
"Would you like some coffee?"
Can express habitual actions in the past: "When I was young, I
would always play outside."
 Ought to:
Indicates moral obligation or advisability: "You ought to apologize for what
you did."
Similar to 'should', but often carries a stronger sense of duty or expectation.

In Conclusion:
These modal verbs are versatile tools in English grammar, allowing speakers to
convey a wide range of meanings, attitudes, and intentions in various contexts.
THANK YOU