Sedative & Hypnotic

Drug
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Mercury Mars Jupiter

Mercury is a small planet Mars is a cold place It’s the biggest planet

Venus Saturn Neptune

It has a beautiful name Only Saturn has rings Neptune is an ice giant
 Presentation Goal

1 2 3
Drug abuse Illicit trafficking Take care
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Table Of Contents

Introduction Classification

Clinical use Clinical

Toxycology
Mechanism Of
Action Adverse Effect
 Definition

Sedative Hypnotic
Drugs that reduce Drugs that induce
excitement and give sleep quick onset
calm effect, cause with shorter
drawsiness without duration
producing sleep Maintain normal
sleep
Classification
Sedative & Hypnotic Drugs

Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Miscellaneous Agents

Short Acting Short Acting

Buspirone
Antidepressant
Intermidiate Ultra-short Antihistamine
Acting Acting Ramelteon

Long Acting Long Acting

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 Benzodiazepines
Anxiolytic Drug

Carboxymide group
in the 7-membered
heterocyclic ring
structure
A substituent in the 7
position
 Mechanism Of Action
Bdz bind to GABA
receptor

Opening cl- channel

Increase binding of
GABA receptor

Membrane
hyperpolarization

CNS depression
 Clinical use
Anesthesia
 Treatment for
Epilepsy
Muscle Relaxation
Relief of Anxiety
Sedation & amnesia

Adverse Effect
•Dizziness
•Motor incoorperation
•Increased reaction
time
•Light headedness
Potency of various Benzodiazepine drugs

High potency Low Potency

drugs: drugs:

Alprazolam Diazepam
Lorazepam Temazepam
Clonazepam Clorazepate
 Symptoms of drug abuse

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Double Muscle Slurred Drawsiness
vission weakness speech
Barbiturates
Medications that cause you to
relax or feel drowsy.

Phenobarbital
Phenobarbitone
Allo barbitone
Mechanism of Action

Barbiturates + GABA

Activation of GABA receptor

Openning of cl- Channel

Increase of duration of GABA gated
channel

Hyperpolarisation of cells

Depression of CNS
 Barbiturates
Therapeutic Uses Adverse Effect

 Sedation Insomnia
Anticonvalsant Numbness

Neuroprotection Irritability

Induction of Abdominal pain

Anesthesia Skin rash

Nacronalysis Drawsiness
 Drug abuse Symptoms
Loos of Slurred
coordination speech

Euphoria Impaired
judgement
 Conclusion
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 Refferences
Conventions
Mercury is the closest planet

Resolutions and Reports

Venus has a beautiful name

United Nations
Despite being red, Mars is cold
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