UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE COMPUTER AND

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SSK3408-1: DATABASE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

MINI PROJECT: FOOD DELIVERY

LECTURER’S NAME: Ahmad Alauddin Bin Ariffin

STUDENT’S NAME:
Fatin Nabilah Binti Zainuddin (205185)
Nur Aeisya Binti Roslan (205192)
Fakhrusy Dinie Atiq Binti Mohd Nizam (205393)
Nur Ervinna Kasih Binti Kamaruzaman (207303)
 Table of Content

1.0 Abstract 2

2.0 Introduction 3-5

2.1 Objective
2.2 Features
3.3 Group Contribution

3.0 Literature Review 6-7

4.0 Project Features 8-11

4.1 User side
4.2 Admin side

5.0 Database Design 12-13

5.1 Relational Database
5.2 phpMyAdmin

6.0 Future Improvements 14-15

7.0 Conclusion 16

References 17-18

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1.0 Abstract

Food delivery systems and applications have brought about a revolutionary change

in the manner in which people place orders and receive their meals. The food delivery

industry has undergone a significant transformation and witnessed immense growth with the

emergence of technology and the widespread use of smartphones. This comprehensive

overview aims to offer a deep understanding of the food delivery system, comprising its

essential components, and the advantages it offers to consumers and restaurants alike.

The existing Food Delivery system by 4 Orang was established by the idea of all

team members who happen to love ordering food online. Thus, this system is developed to

compete with other established food delivery systems that implement all the components

that have been learned throughout the semester. This food delivery system has implemented

the component of HTML (HyperText Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets),

BootStrap PHP, PHP Functions/Forms, SQL, Connecting PHP with SQL,

Session-Redirecting, CRUD, JavaScript, and JSON. The implementation of the component

has successfully developed a well-established food delivery system with a user-friendly

design. The stakeholders that play a vital role in the system are the user itself which is the

customers, the restaurants that collaborate with the food delivery system, the admin, and the

delivery people.

Food delivery systems and applications have revolutionized how individuals place

and relish their food orders. These systems provide customers with unmatched

convenience, variety, and continuous tracking of their orders, while at the same time creating

supplementary income streams for restaurants and employment opportunities for delivery

personnel. With the rapid advancement of technology, the food delivery industry will

undoubtedly progress even further, thereby enriching the overall dining experience for all

stakeholders involved.

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2.0 Introduction

2.1 Objective

The aim of creating a food delivery system is to offer customers a hassle-free and
effective way of ordering food from different eateries or food places and getting it
delivered to their preferred destination. Developing a food delivery system has
various significant objectives, such as:

1. Food delivery systems aim to provide customers with the utmost convenience by
streamlining the process of ordering and receiving food.
2. Design as a time-saving application for the customers to enjoy their food. This can
cut the time spent traveling to the restaurant and waiting for the food to be prepared.
This can help the customers to buy their food even when they are busy.
3. Customers are provided with an extensive selection of culinary options from various
restaurants and food establishments in their area, allowing them to explore a diverse
range of cuisines and dining experiences.
4. Food delivery systems enhance food accessibility by providing service to customers
who have limited mobility, reside in remote areas, or find it challenging to visit
restaurants in person. This ensures that people who are unable or choose not to dine
out can still relish a diverse range of food choices.
5. Food delivery systems can improve the effectiveness of restaurants and food
establishments through the optimization of order processing and delivery procedures.

2.2 Features

The features of the food delivery system include:

1. Mobile/Website: Food delivery systems commonly incorporate mobile applications

or websites that enable customers to see the menus, order meals, and choose their
payment method and be ready for delivery. These platforms offer a user-friendly
interface that conveniently grants customers access to a diverse selection of food
options such as cheeseburgers, pizza, chicken chop, chicken alfredo, and several
choices of drinks. This facilitates seamless ordering with just a few taps or clicks.

2. Menu Selection and Customization: Customers have the opportunity to see the
menus from a variety of restaurants or food establishments listed on the delivery
platform. The menu button can be found on the navigation bar and will be redirected

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 to the list of menus to choose from. They have the freedom to select from a wide
array of cuisines, see the item descriptions, and tailor their orders based on personal
preferences or dietary restrictions. The chosen food will next be added to the
customer information forms for the next process of choosing quantities and payment
methods.

3. Ordering/Payments: Customers can easily place orders for their preferred food
items through the application or website. The food delivery system provides a range
of secure and convenient payment options, such as credit/debit cards, Tng e-wallet,
PayPal, online payment or cash on delivery.

4. Order Management: Upon receipt of an order, the food delivery system promptly
transmits the details to the appropriate restaurant or food establishment. The system
adeptly handles order processing by meticulously verifying item selection, skillfully
managing order modifications, and seamlessly coordinating with the restaurant for
preparation. The success of their ordering will show a flash message of “Your order is
successful''. The total price and tax will also be shown after being calculated
transparently to ensure the customers know the amount they are paying for the food.

2.3 Group Contribution

Name Contribution

FATIN NABILAH BINTI ZAINUDDIN Brainstorming the idea of developing the

(LEADER) food delivery application and leading the
development of the project. Contributing to
developing the source code, database, and
building the project.

NUR AEISYA BINTI ROSLAN Brainstorming the idea of developing the

food delivery application and collaborating
with the other team members to develop the
project. Contributing to developing the
source code, database, and building the
project.

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FAKHRUSY DINIE ATIQ BINTI MOHD NIZAM
NUR ERVINNA KASIH BINTI KAMARUZAMAN
Brainstorming the idea of developing the
food delivery application and collaborating
with the other team members to develop the
food delivery system and be in charge of
handling the documentation and reporting
of the project.
Brainstorming the idea of developing the
food delivery application and collaborating
with the other team members to develop the
food delivery system and be in charge of
handling the documentation and reporting
of the project.
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3.0 Literature Review

The literature review on food delivery websites delves into critical aspects that are
pivotal for shaping an effective and robust database for this project. Examining user behavior
reveals multifaceted motivations driving individuals to engage with online food delivery
platforms. Key factors include the allure of convenience, time-saving benefits, the expansive
variety of choices, access to new dining establishments, and the appeal of special offers
(Arvind et al., 2022). Additionally, ordering decisions are influenced by a complex interplay of
elements, such as price, delivery fees, available discounts, restaurant ratings, reviews, and
the type of cuisine offered (Shroff et al., 2022). User loyalty, a crucial factor for the sustained
success of food delivery platforms, is intricately linked to personalised experiences, order
history, participation in loyalty programs, and the overall functionality of the platform's
application (Gajjar, 2022).

The design of the platform itself plays a pivotal role in user engagement and
satisfaction. A user-friendly interface characterised by simplicity and intuitiveness, coupled
with efficient search and filtering options, is identified as a key design consideration (Wang et
al., 2021). Furthermore, personalization features, such as recommendations based on user
preferences, order history, and location, contribute significantly to enhancing the overall user
experience (Zhang et al., 2020). Real-time tracking features, providing users with insights
into the status of their orders and estimated delivery times, contribute positively to user
satisfaction and engagement (Li et al., 2023).

From a technological perspective, the integration of big data analytics emerges as a

fundamental aspect. Platforms leverage big data to gain insights into user behaviour,
optimise pricing structures, and deliver personalised recommendations (He et al., 2019).
Furthermore, location-based services, facilitated by GPS integration, contribute to efficient
delivery routing and enable location-specific offers, enhancing the overall efficiency of the
platform (Xiao et al., 2022). Secure and convenient payment gateways, incorporating digital
wallets and online payment options, are identified as essential components ensuring a
seamless user experience (Xu et al., 2021).

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 The challenges and opportunities within the food delivery industry add another layer
of complexity to database considerations. Intense competition necessitates continuous
innovation and differentiation (Arvind et al., 2022). Logistical challenges related to delivery,
including the optimization of delivery routes and ensuring food quality, are critical
considerations (Shroff et al., 2022). Sustainability concerns, encompassing issues such as
packaging waste and rider welfare, demand thoughtful and sustainable solutions (Gajjar,
2022). Simultaneously, emerging technologies, such as drone delivery, autonomous
vehicles, and AI-powered assistants, offer exciting prospects for innovation and improved
service delivery (Wang et al., 2021).

As we shape the database for this project, it's imperative to consider various data
categories. User data, including profiles, order history, preferences, and location data, can
be harnessed for personalization and targeted recommendations. Restaurant data,
encompassing information on menus, pricing, and availability, can be efficiently managed to
facilitate seamless order processing. Delivery data, including information on riders, order
status, locations, and delivery times, is crucial for optimising logistics. Finally, financial data,
capturing details of order transactions, payments, and discounts, provides essential insights
for revenue analysis and accounting.

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4.0 Project Features

4.1 User side

● Index.php

Index.php is the main front page of Food Delivery Service by 4 Orang. In this interface, users
can see pictures of the food that is available to order. Not to forget, users can also see the
menu, login, and administrator in the navigation bar. Clicking on that ‘menu’ will be directed
to another page that shows the list of menus. The same goes to ‘log in’, it will be directed to
another page that shows the customer information that users need to fill in. ‘Administrator’ is
only for admin.

● menu.php

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In menu.php, it will display four choices of food and drinks to order. For food, Food Delivery
Service by 4 Orang provides cheeseburgers, Pizza, Chicken Alfredo, and Chicken chops.
While for drinks, Food Delivery Service by 4 Orang provides Iced Milo, Orange Juice,
Coca-Cola, and Iced Tea. All the descriptions of the menu are also stated, along with the
exact price. This will help the user choose their food freely according to their budget and
taste buds.

● customer_info.php

For customer_info.php, users need to key in their name, phone number, and address to
proceed with the order. This interface can be skipped if the user proceeds to order in the
menu interface by clicking on the selected food or drink.

● order.php

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For order.php, users need to key in their name and address the same as they key in the
customer information interface. Next, the customer can choose the food and drink they want
with the quantity needed. Several payment options are listed to ensure that customers have
a wide range of payment options. The payment option given is cash on delivery, PayPal,
credit/debit card, Tng e-wallet, and other.

● order_sucess.php

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For order_success.php, a flash message will show up stating’ Your order is successful’ if the

order is successful. This will make sure that the order is successfully placed and is waiting to

be delivered. The total price will also be stated on that page to ensure a robust and

transparent payment system.

4.2 Admin side

● login.php

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In login.php, it is specialized for admin to log in their data by using ‘admin’ as username and
‘admin123’ as password. The data will be updated in the database and monitor the progress
of the system.

5.0 Database Design

5.1 Relational Database

5.2 phpMyAdmin

● List of tables:

● Menu items table:

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● Payment method table:

● Order table:

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6.0 Future Improvements

The food delivery sector is in a constant state of evolution, with numerous opportunities for
enhancing the system. Below are some potential areas for improvement.

● Improving the User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) can greatly enhance the
design, navigation, and overall user experience of the app, resulting in a more
intuitive and user-friendly platform. This can be achieved by streamlining the ordering
process, optimizing search functionality, and providing clear and concise information
regarding menus, prices, and delivery options. Based on this application, several
items can be built to enhance the user experience and a better user interface to
compete with order food delivery applications.

● Personalization and recommendation should be done by incorporating customized

recommendations founded on user preferences, order history, and location. This can
assist clients in uncovering fresh dining establishments and menu items that
correspond to their taste buds. Repeated orders also can be stated to ease the user
to buy their favorite food from the same place. Employing machine learning
algorithms and customer data can empower the application to offer more
personalized and relevant suggestions regarding personalization.

● Real-Time Order Tracking can be implemented by providing real-time order tracking.

This will help the customers to track the progress of their delivery in real-time and to
prepare themselves for the delivery. This valuable feature promotes transparency,
alleviates anxiety, and empowers customers to plan according to their needs.

● Implementing a loyalty program or rewards system can serve as a great incentive for
customer retention and encourage repeat orders. By rewarding customers with
points, exclusive offers, or discounts, you can effectively enhance customer loyalty
and drive greater engagement. Membership with extra coupons and offers should be
applied to ensure more people can use this food delivery application and are satisfied
with the services provided.

● Investing in robust customer support systems, such as live chat, chatbots, or

dedicated helplines, can greatly enhance the customer experience. By promptly
addressing any issues or concerns, these systems can ensure customer satisfaction
and loyalty. Helpline is also very vital in food delivery applications as it can help the

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 customers if they encounter any problem during payment or after the delivery
process like missing items or being given the wrongs orders. This will be the platform
for the customers to seek help and improve user experience. Therefore, prioritizing
the development and implementation of such systems is crucial for businesses
seeking to optimize their customer support capabilities.

● Sustainability efforts can be achieved by integrating environmentally conscious

practices into the food delivery system. This may entail utilizing electric or hybrid
vehicles, advocating for reusable packaging, and urging customers to select
eco-friendly delivery alternatives. Eco-friendly services are needed nowadays as an
act to help to reduce food waste and plastic. Thus, food delivery can collaborate with
food stores that provide eco-friendly packaging or reusable items as well as using
hybrid vehicles to reduce air pollution.

● Robust food safety measures should be implemented to enhance the food safety
measures. The implementation of robust food safety measures can be applied
throughout the delivery process, including temperature control, secure packaging,
and hygiene protocols. This will ensure the safe delivery and maintenance of food
quality and freshness. Customers can receive their orders with high-quality service
and increase their satisfaction.

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7.0 Conclusion

In summary, the objective of this project is to create a user-friendly webpage that

simplifies the process of placing food orders. With this platform, customers can effortlessly

select their preferred dishes and payment mode. This innovative application not only saves

time but also allows users to order food from the comfort of their homes. Additionally, the

delivery personnel will ensure that the correct items are dispatched to the customers as per

the information provided. The popularity of food delivery apps has soared due to their

convenience, time-saving advantages, and a vast array of food options. These apps have

transformed the way people order food, making it effortless for consumers to savor

high-quality meals from the comfort of their homes or offices. Furthermore, food delivery

systems have unlocked new business prospects for restaurants, enabling them to reach a

larger customer base and extend their reach beyond the standard dine-in service.

There are several benefits of a food delivery system. Food delivery apps offer

unparalleled convenience to users. With just a few taps on their smartphones, they can order

food from a diverse array of restaurants. This eliminates the need to cook at home or

physically visit a restaurant. Next, it provides expanded Options. Food delivery apps provide

consumers with access to a wide selection of cuisines and restaurant choices. This enables

them to discover new dining establishments, unearth hidden local gems, and savor an

assortment of delectable dishes. Food delivery systems offer restaurants an additional

revenue stream, particularly during peak hours or when dine-in options are restricted,

resulting in increased revenue. This enables them to access a larger customer base and

target new demographics. Not just that, the emergence of food delivery platforms has given

rise to job prospects for delivery partners. People can now work independently and earn

revenue by fulfilling food orders with flexible working hours.

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