SOCIOLOGICAL

PERSPECTIVE
ON SELF
CHAPTER 2
UNDS111
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?

SOCIOS LOGOS
Latin word means Greek word means
“companion” “study”
 Sociology
and Self
It is important to understand that the
establishment of the “Self” based on social
structures could give us a better
understanding of who we are and provide
reasons how our interactions can affect us as
a person.
GEORGE HERBERT

MEAD
- An American Sociologist,
considered as the Father of
American pragmatism.
- One of the pioneers in the field of
social psychology because of his
contributions on the development
of the person relating to various
social factors.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD and the SELF
● Mead rejected the idea of biological
determination of the self which proposes that
an individual already has an established self
from the moment he is born.
● He reiterated that the process of establishing
the self is through the construction and
reconstruction of the idea of who we are as a
person during the process of social experience.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD and the SELF

● Mead proposes that there are two

components of the self which the person
have, these components are the “I” and the
“Me”.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD and the SELF

I ME
the reaction of the are the
individual to the characteristics,
attitude of others, behavior, and or
as well as the actions done by a
manifestation of person that follows
the individuality of the “generalized
the person others” that person
interacts with.
 Mead’s Three Role-playing Stages of Self Development
MEAD PROPOSED THAT THERE ARE THREE STAGES IN WHICH A PERSON HAS TO GO
THROUGH FOR ONE TO DEVELOP ONE’S SELF. THESE STAGES ARE:

Preparation/Language Stage
PREP
● Imitation
● Interactions lack meaning
PLAY Play Stage
● Language & Symbols
● Role taking
GAME Game Stage
● Recognize the rules of
the game
● Identify their roles and
the roles of the others
 CHARLES

COOLEY
- While most of his contemporary
sociologists were reformist and
spiritual, Cooley was more open-
minded and creative while others
pioneered sociology into an
objective and scientific field
CHARLES COOLEY and the SELF
● Socialization is the process by which we
develop our understanding of concern and
responsibilities rooted within our roles as part
of a society (Lumen Candela n.d).
● People are born imprinted with our fictitious
identities.
● Our social environment is determine
CHARLES COOLEY and the SELF

● Looking Glass Self is a psychosociological

concept introduced by Charles Cooley in 1900.
The paper describes the development of one's
identity through interaction with others. There
are three main components of the Looking
Glass Self
 LOOKING GLASS SELF

We imagine how 2 We develop our

we must appear self through the
before others. judgment of
We imagine and others.
react to what we
feel about the
1 judgments about 3
our appearance.
CHARLES COOLEY and the SELF
● His focus is on the active involvement of
individuals in constructing their self-concept
through the process of self-monitoring and
social interaction (Reitzes, 1980).
● Through verbal and non-verbal responses of
others, an individual is able to construct a
personal map of himself. The sense of self that
an individual acquires through the reflections
of the eyes of others and the echoes of others
voices startling.
 CONCEPT OF “SELF”

SELF-IMAGE SELF-ESTEEM IDEAL SELF

The self-image People's self-esteem A person's ideal self
allows individuals to plays a crucial role in is determined by
create a concept of Cooley's theory as it people in his
themselves, is from here that surroundings and
including personality they determine their the character of
characteristics and self-image. these people and
external their achievements.
appearance.
 URIE
BRONFENBRENNER
- Russian-born American
psychologist best known for having
developed human ecology theory
(ecological systems theory), in
which individuals are seen as
maturing not in isolation but
within the context of relationships,
such as those involving families,
friends, schools, neighbourhoods,
and society.
URIE BRONFENBRENNER and the SELF
● In ecological systems theory, various
environmental systems influence human
development including (but not limited to)
family, community, and school.
● Bronfenbrenner's seminal work "Ecological
Systems Theory" described the ecological
context of the child as a set of nested levels of
the environment.
URIE BRONFENBRENNER and the SELF
What Constitutes the Ecological System?
● There are four major units of ecological
systems theory, including (1) microsystems, (2)
mesosystems, (3) exosystems, and (4)
macrosystems. The levels range from smaller,
proximal settings in which individuals directly
affect one another to larger, distal settings
that indirectly influence development. The
hierarchy of ecological systems theory.
MICROSYSTEM
The most proximal
ecological level is the
individual's home
environment. Including
interactions with other
individuals in the
household.
 MESOSYSTEM
It involves the multiple
microsystems in which
individuals are embedded. A
variety of interactions
between microsystems affects
development. The main point
is to demonstrate how one
system can affect other
systems.
 EXOSYSTEM
The exosystem consists of the
microsystems in which
individuals are embedded but
not directly involved. The
system "trickles down" to
influence development. most
notably through its effect on
connected individuals.
 MACROSYSTEM
It is defined as the overarching set
of beliefs, values and norms that
shape the cultural, religious, and
socioeconomic organization. As a
lens through which experience is
interpreted, the macrosystem
determines the Implications of
experience for an individual.
URIE BRONFENBRENNER and the SELF

Defining Properties of Human Development

● Bronfenbrenner's revised hioecological model
best supports the theoretical concept of
human development.
● Development in theorized to be the product of
the four properties: (1) individual, (a) social,
(3) Directional, and (4) temporal
 The Development of Sociology in the
Philippines
1938 1952 1960
Serafin
Fr. Frank
N. Philippine
1950’s 1957 Lynch, SJ
Macaraig Sociological 1972
Fr.
Society. Community UP &
Valentin
Development Xavier
Marin
Research
A.W. Salt Council
and
Murray
Bartlett
Peace
out