Learning targets:

1. Explain web development and how the Web works.

2. Describe the industry of web development.
3.Identify the various stages of developing a website.
4.Discover ways of securing a website.
 Understanding the Web

Web consists of billions of digital pages that

are viewable through web browsers on
computers.

Clients and servers make the web possible.

 Understanding the Web

Clients refer to anything that people use to

connect to the internet.

Servers are large computers that store web

pages, data, and more.
 Understanding the Web

The DNS (domain name servers), takes in a

web address and retrieves the actual website
address.

The HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)

defines the language for clients and servers to
communicate with.
 Understanding the Web

The TCP/IP (transmission control

protocol/internet protocol) defines how data
should travel through the web.
 Web Development

Website development is the process of building

and maintaining websites hosted on the internet, it is
about creating applications through the use of front-end
and backend web technologies which run in a web
browser.
 Web Development

Website developer is someone who either takes or

creates a web design and turns it into a website. They
are the people responsible for the code of websites and
web-based services.
 The Industry

Web development is one of the youngest, most

profitable, and fastest growing industries in the world
since 1990s.
In 1995, there were less than 1,000 web
development companies in the United States but by
2005, it increased to over 30,000 in the US alone.
 Web Development Life Cycle

Web development life cycle (WDLC)

refers to the methodologies followed by
developers to ensure a project’s consistency,
and effectiveness.
 Web Development Life Cycle

1. Gathering Information
2. Planning
3. Design
4. Content writing
5. Coding
6. Review, Testing, and Implementation
7. Maintenance
Importance of Web Development

1. Accessibility
2. Convenience
3. Credibility
4. Navigation
 Security Considerations

Website security is the act of protecting

websites from unauthorized access, use,
modification, destruction or disruption.
 Reasons for Cyber Attacks

✓ to collect information such as passwords,

credit card details, and other sensitive
information
✓ to use its server as an email relay for spam
✓ to use its server as part of a botnet
Common Security Risks

1. DDoS Attacks
2. Injection Flaws
3. Malware
4. Vulnerabilities
 Tips to Secure a Website

• Get website security tools.

• Impose password requirements.
• Keep software up-to-date.
• Use HTTPS.
• Use parameterized queries to prevent injection
flaws.
• Use SSL protocol when passing personal
information between website and server.
• Perform validation on both server and client sides.
 Tips to Secure a Website

• Avoid or at least beware of files uploaded by users.

• Be careful with the information given in error
messages.
• Check the passwords.
• Check the data being submitted while creating a
form and encode or strop out any HTML.
• Impose password requirements.
• Keep software up-to-date.
• Use HTTPS.
 Tips to Secure a Website

Captcha field prevents computer

programs from automatically filling forms and
also mail spamming.

Keeping a web server safe from intrusion

is referred to as server port hardening.
 Development Life cycle

What are the various phases of the

Web development life cycle?
 Web Development Life Cycle
What are the various phases of the Web development
life cycle?
1. Gathering Information
2. Design
3. Planning
4. Content writing
5. Coding
6. Review, Testing, and Implementation
7. Maintenance
 Development Life cycle

Give some common reasons for a cyber attack.

 Reasons for Cyber Attacks

Give some common reasons for a cyber attack.

✓ to expose users to both personal
embarrassment and financial risk
✓ to install malware or malicious software on
someone else’s computer
✓ to mine for bitcoins
✓ to setup a temporary web server