Architecture of Bone 1

Osteoblasts (producing osteoid)

Osteoid

Osteocytes

Spongy Osteoclasts Medullary cavity

bone (contains bone
marrow: hema-
Spongy bone topoietic cells
and adipose
tissue)

Internal circumferential
External lamellae
circumferential
lamellae
Endosteum

Periosteum
Compact bone Concentric
lamellae
of osteon

Osteonic
canals
(Haversian)

Periosteal
vessels

Compact bone

Plate BP 9
Electronic Bonus Plates Plate BP 9
 Muscle Structure

Muscle
Nuclei (ghosted through endomysium)
Myosatellite cell
Basement membrane
Sarcolemma

Sarcoplasm
Tendon Muscle fiber

Muscle fascicles
I
Perimysium
Epimysium A
Z Myofibril
H
M

Myofilaments

Sarcomere

Z line Z line

Sarcomere

Z line Z line

I band A band I band

H band

A band A band A band

I band I band Muscle relaxed
H band H band H band

Muscle contracted
Plate BP 10

Plate BP 10 Electronic Bonus Plates

 Joints: Connective Tissues and Articular Cartilage 1

Ground substance

Fibroblast Collagen fibers

Macrophage
Elastic fibers
Lymphocyte Reticular fibers
Monocyte Capillary

Red blood
cell
Mast cell
Endothelial
Adipocytes cell
Pericyte
Macrophage

Section of loose
connective tissue Eosinophil
Plasma cell
Articular cartilage
Longitudinal bundles
Subchondral of collagen and/or
bone tissue elastic fibers

Tendon sectioned
longitudinally and transversely
Dense regular connective tissue Fibroblast nuclei Transverse
fibers of loose
connective tissue

Articular cartilage
Synovial membrane
of joint capsule
Fibrous layer
of joint capsule

Architecture of articular cartilage

and subchondral bone
Joint with cartilage-covered articular surfaces
Plate BP 11

Electronic Bonus Plates Plate BP 11

 Cardiovascular System: Composition of Blood

Plasma composition Plasma proteins

Water 92% Albumins 60%
Transports organic and Transport lipids, steroid hormones;
Centrifuged inorganic molecules, major contributors to osmotic
blood sample cells, and platelets concentration of plasma

Plasma proteins 7% Globulins 35%

Transport ions, hormones, lipids;
Other solutes 1% immune function

Fibrinogen 4%
Plasma Essential component of clotting system
~55%
Regulatory proteins <1%
Enzymes, hormones, clotting proteins

Platelets Other solutes

Electrolytes
Buffy coat
<1% Normal extracellular fluid ion compo-
Blood clot formation sition essential for vital cellular
and tissue repair activities (e.g., Na+, K+, Cl –)

Organic nutrients
White blood cells Used for ATP production, growth, and
maintenance of cells (e.g., fatty acids,
glucose, amino acids)

Red blood Organic wastes

cells Carried to sites of breakdown or
~45% excretion (e.g., urea, bilirubin)
Neutrophils (50–70%)

Red blood cells

Eosinophils Lymphocytes Basophils

Monocytes (2–8%) (2–4%) (20–30%) (<1%)

Plate BP 12

Plate BP 12 Electronic Bonus Plates

 Arterial Wall 1
Avascular
zone

Endothelium
Desmosome
Basement membrane

Smooth muscle cell Tunica

Vascular
intima
zone Fibroblast
Subendo-
Collagen fibers thelial
Ground substance layer

Internal elastic
membrane
Smooth muscle
and elastic laminae Tunica
Reticular fibers media
External elastic
membrane

Tunica adventitia

Vasa vasis

Autonomic nerve
(vasomotor)
Wall of an artery:
cutaway view

Valve

Artery Vein
Plate BP 13
Electronic Bonus Plates Plate BP 13
 HEAD AND NECK 2

Surface Anatomy 22‒24 Cranial and Cervical Nerves 143‒162

Bones and Joints 25‒47 Cerebral Vasculature 163‒175
Neck 48‒58 Regional Imaging 176‒177
Nose 59‒82 Structures with High Clinical
Mouth 83‒90 Significance Tables 2.1–2.4
Pharynx 91‒102 Cranial Nerves Tables 2.5–2.8
Larynx and Endocrine Glands 103‒109 Branches of Cervical Plexus Table 2.9
Eye 110‒120 Muscles Tables 2.10–2.14
Ear 121‒126 Electronic Bonus Plates BP 14–BP 32
Brain and Meninges 127‒142

ELECTR O N I C B O N U S PL AT E S

BP 14 Somatosensory BP 15 Pyramidal System BP 16 3D Skull BP 17 Degenerative Changes

System: Trunk and Limbs Reconstruction CTs in Cervical Vertebrae

BP 18 Atlantooccipital BP 19 Muscles of Facial BP 20 Musculature of Face BP 21 Arteries of Nasal

Junction Expression: Anterior View Cavity: Bony Nasal Septum
Turned Up
2

HEAD AND NECK

ELECTR O N I C B O N U S P L AT E S — c o n t’ d

BP 22 Nose and Maxillary BP 23 Paranasal Sinuses BP 24 Subclavian Artery BP 25 Opening of the

Sinus: Transverse Section Mandible

BP 26 Afferent Innervation of BP 27 Fasciae of Orbit and BP 28 Tympanic Cavity: BP 29 Anatomy of the

Oral Cavity and Pharynx Eyeball Medial and Lateral Views Pediatric Ear

BP 30 Auditory Tube BP 31 Cranial Imaging (MRV BP 32 Axial and Coronal

(Eustachian) and MRA) MRIs of Brain

 
 Surface Anatomy of Head and Neck 2
See also Plates 18, 188
Frontal bone

Infraorbital margin
Supraorbital
margin
Zygomatic bone
Superciliary
arch
Ala of nose
Glabella
Helix
Nasal bone
Antihelix
Nostril Tragus
(anterior naris)
Antitragus
Philtrum Lobule of auricle
Nasolabial sulcus Angle of mouth

Tubercle of upper lip Angle of mandible

Submandibular
gland
Mental protuberance
External jugular v.
Inferior belly of
Thyroid cartilage omohyoid m.
Trapezius m.
Jugular notch
Clavicle

Brachial plexus
Clavicular head of
Parietal region sternocleidomastoid m.

Frontal region Sternal head of

sternocleidomastoid m.

Orbital region
Temporal region
Infraorbital region
Auricular region
Nasal region Zygomatic region
Oral region Parotideomasseteric
Buccal region region
Mental region Sternocleidomastoid
region
Posterior region
of neck

Carotid triangle Lateral

Anterior Occipital triangle
Submandibular triangle region
region Submental triangle Omoclavicular triangle of neck
of neck
Muscular triangle

Plate 22 Surface Anatomy of Head and Neck

Surface Anatomy Plate 22
 Cutaneous Nerves of Head and Neck
See also Plates 6, 59, 60, 79

Auricular branch
Ophthalmic division of vagus n.
of trigeminal n. (CN V1)
Supraorbital n.
Supratrochlear n.
Medial branches
Palpebral branch of of posterior rami
lacrimal n. of cervical spinal
nn.
Infratrochlear n.
Greater
External nasal branch of occipital n. (C2)
anterior ethmoidal n.
Third
occipital n. (C3)

Maxillary division From

of trigeminal n. (CN V2) spinal nn. C4−7

Infraorbital n.

Zygomaticofacial n.

Zygomaticotemporal n.
Superficial
branches from
cervical plexus
Lesser
Mandibular division of occipital n. (C2)
trigeminal n. (CN V3) Great
Mental n. auricular n. (C2, 3)
Transverse
Buccal n. cervical n. (C2, 3)

Auriculotemporal n. Supraclavicular nn.

(C3, 4)

Posterior rami of
Ophthalmic n. (CN V1) cervical spinal nn.

Note: Auricular branch

of vagus n. to
Trigeminal n. external acoustic
(CN V) Maxillary n. (CN V2) meatus and small
area on posteromedial
surface of auricle and
concha via facial n.

Superficial branches
Mandibular n. (CN V3) from cervical plexus

Plate 23

Plate 23 Surface Anatomy