Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Things started to go wrongly as soon as we got to the hotel. We were all completely exhausted after our long
journey and looking forward to a shower and a rest. However, we found that our room was not ready, which
was very annoy, although the manager was extremely apologetic. While we were waiting, we asked about the
excursions to places of an interest which we had read about in the brochure. Imagine how we felt when we were
told they had all cancelled! Apparently, the person responsible for organizing them had left suddenly and had
not been replaced. Then Sally saw a notice pinning to the door of the restaurant, saying it was closed for
redecoration, and Peter discovered that the swimming pool was empty. When we eventually got to our room,
we were horrified to find that it was at the back of the hotel, and we had a view of a car park, which seemed to
be used as a rubbish dump. We seriously began to wonder whether or not to stay.
Part 3: Fill each gap in the following sentences with one of the prepositions or particles. Write your answers
in the corresponding numbered boxes (5pts) (Olympic 30/4)
1. On behalf of the guests, I’d like to propose a toast ___________the bride and groom.
2. Directed by a hypocritical, the organization is rotten___________ the core.
3. He’s a bit timid and hasn’t yet plucked ________the courage to apply for the job.
4. I don’t believe I could live so far _____ _____ the sticks.
Page 2 of 10
5. You must have a terrible day. Now, just put your feet _______ and I’ll make dinner.
Part 4: For questions 1- 10, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the corresponding numbered
boxes. (10 points) (Adapted from www.theguardian.com)
SPECIES DIVERSITY
While people are generally most familiar with (1) __________(CELL) organisms such as plants and
animals, these organisms form only small branches on the tree of life. The greatest metabolic
(2)__________(DIVERSE) is found among the prokaryotic organisms of the Eubacteria and Archaea. Although
some of these microbes use oxygen for respiration, or (3)___________ (SYNTHESIS) like plants, others have
the extraordinary ability to derive energy from (4)____________(ORGAN) chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide
or ammonia, and they use carbon dioxide as their only source of carbon for producing organic molecules.
Organisms that we consider extremophiles can survive in saturated salt (5)_____________(CONCENTRATE)
(36% (6)____________(COMPARE) to approximately 3% for seawater), or in superheated water in deep-sea
vents and geysers.
Because people have ventured to all parts of the globe, one might expect that the new species being
(7)____________(DISCOVERY) each year would be microscopic organisms that can only be distinguished at a
(8)___________(DEFINITION) level. While it is true that most new species identified are insects, microbes
and fungi, we are still discovering new vertebrates such as abaleen whale and a (9)___________(CLOUD)
leopard. A conservation focus on preserving ecosystems not only saves large numbers of species (including
(10)___________(CHARISMA) species that do not receive public support) but also preserves the support
systems that maintain life.
C. READING (35 pts)
Part 1: For questions 1-10. Read the following passage and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each
gap. Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts) - English-Advanced-Vocab-and-
Structure
Is hypnosis a mystification or an ideal way of treating many diseases? The fact that a hypnotized
individual will _____ (1) the hypnotist's commands to perform even the most illogical actions has always
excited both the psychologists and their clients _____ (2) for getting rid of different ailments, be it mental or
physical, by means of responding to persuasive suggestions while in the altered state of consciousness.
This trance may usually be _____ (3) by repeating monotonous commands thus introducing an individual
into a subconscious sphere of his personality, which in the state of full wakefulness may be suppressed or
concealed. A hypnotized person appears to be more _____ (4) to imposed orders and more motivated to _____
(5) his deep-rooted anxieties and worries. Controversial though this approach may seem to be, it does contribute
to curing people of their emotional distresses in the _____ (6) of positive suggestions. Hypnosis can _____ (7)
establishing a more profound contact with a patient's emotional life even reviving the forgotten events from a
remote past where the root cause of an affliction may originate from.
It doesn't necessarily aim at confronting the psychological problems only. Hypnosis can also be of great
assistance in treating many addictions, _____ (8) various kinds of pains or even fighting skin diseases.
Without _____ (9), hypnosis is a most useful tool in the hands of physicians and faith healers even though
the extraordinary phenomena that it _____ (10) cannot always be accounted for by any scientific or logical
means.
Page 3 of 10
The researchers looked at the height and weight details (2) __________birth of over a million Danes
born in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, and found that a child born in April is, on average, nearly two centimeters
taller than one born in December. As (3) __________ as being taller, the April baby is also likely to be heavier,
and the odds (4) __________ that he or she will remain bigger throughout life.
The study also shows that (5) __________ children born in December tend to be the smallest, the size of
those born in June and July is also well below (6) __________ of the April babies. In these two midsummer
months, however, the difference in height and weight is only half as much as in midwinter.
Similar results (7) __________ these emerged from a separate study in Australia. There they found that
by the time children reached 18, the gap between the April and the December ones had increased to about five
centimeters.
Another seasonal variation that (8) __________ to light concerned actual birth dates. Winter babies, it
was discovered, were born an average of one day earlier than spring, summer or autumn babies.
In (9) __________ of these studies were scientists able to explain these differences. In both cases they
called (10) __________ further research into the subject.
Part 3: Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) according to the text. Write
your answers (A, B, C or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes (5pts).
HOW TO MASTER SKILLS FOR THE TOEFL IBT ACTUAL TEST- READING TEST BOOK
The Balance in the Oceans
The
oceans' predators come in all shapes and sizes. For example, one of the less infamous ones is the colorful
starfish, which feeds on plant life, coral, or other shellfish such as mussels for sustenance. A more
bloodcurdling example, especially to human beings and most other species of fish, is the shark, though most
scientists agree that only ten per cent of the 450 plus species of sharks have been documented as actually
attacking a human. Still, there is another predator lurking invisibly in the bodies of water of the world, one
which poses one of the greatest threats to all species of ocean life - bacteria. Though many types of fish are
continually stalking and evading one another for survival, they all band together in an attempt to keep
bacteria levels at bay in order to allow their own existence to continue.
Bacteria play a dual role in the ecosystems of the oceans. On the one hand, they are beneficial as they stimulate
plant life through food decomposition, which releases the necessary chemicals for the growth of plant life. This
is called nutrient recycling and helps keep the oceans alive. But, on the other hand, bacteria are a major
predator for all fish because they attack fragile, weaker individuals. If they are allowed to run rampant and not
kept in check, they could virtually suffocate the oceans. In water, bacteria prove to be an even greater threat
than on land because, as they proliferate, they reduced the oxygen levels necessary for organisms in the oceans
to live. Further, when fish populations become depleted due to factors like overfishing, microbes such as algae
expand and threaten the fragile ecosystems of the ocean. Therefore, ocean predators play a critical role by
thwarting bacteria growth and maintaining the oceans’ equilibrium by reducing vulnerable links in the food
chain.
In many ways, the balance within the oceans’ ecosystems mirrors the human body. That is, all of their
components must work in harmony for them to stay healthy, efficient, and alive. If one of them is missing or
deficient, an entire system can be placed in jeopardy. In both the human body and the ocean, bacteria play a
vital role because, at manageable levels, they aid in protecting and cleaning each system of foreign agents that
can be of harm. On the other hand, if bacteria levels increase and become out of control, they can take hold of a
system, overrun it, and become debilitating. Therefore, both oceans and the human body have a kind of
custodian that maintains bacteria levels. In the human body, it is called a phagocyte. Phagocytes eat up sick,
old, or dying cells, which are more prone to bacterial invasion, and thus keep the body healthy. Like in the
human body, bacteria can prove fatal to the living organisms in the ocean.
Like phagocytes in the human body , ocean predators work as antibacterial custodians of the seas. In essence,
they are the immune system and a vital link in the food chain because they remove small, injured, or sickly fish
from the ocean environment before bacteria can become too comfortable and multiply. By ridding the ocean of
weaker fish, predators allow the stronger ones to multiply, making their species stronger and more resilient.
Without their services and with their declining numbers, bacteria will blossom to levels that will eventually
overpower and kill even the strongest species of fish because of the depletion of their number one source of life,
all important oxygen.
While the greatest battle in the ocean may seem on the surface to be the survival of the fittest fish, a closer look
reveals something completely different: fish versus microorganisms. Clearly, most living organisms in the
oceans are hunters by nature, but this way of life does not merely provide a food source for a dominant species.
It also maintains a healthy level of bacteria in an ocean’s ecosystem, thus ensuring the continuation of all
Page 4 of 10
species of life within. Major predators are necessary, like the antibacterial cells of the human body, to keep this
delicate balance in synch. If their numbers continue to decline and humans ignore their vital role in the ocean,
dire consequences will definitely result.
Part 4 : Read the following passage and do the tasks that follows. Write your answer in the space provided. (5
pts) 15 DAYS’ PRACTICE FOR IELTS READING
JUST RELAX
A. Hypnosis is an intriguing and fascinating process. a trance-like mental state is induced in one person by
another, who appears to have the power to command that person to obey instructions without question.
Hypnotic experiences were described by the ancient Egyptians and Greeks, while references to deep sleep and
anesthesia have been found in the Bible and the Jewish Talmud. In the mid-1700s Franz Mesmer, an Australian
physician, developed his theory of ‘animal magnetism’, which was the belief that the cause of disease was the
‘improper distribution of the invisible magnetic fluid’. Mesmer used water tubs and magnetic wands to direct
these supposed fluids to his patients. In 1784, a French commission studied. Mesmer’s claims, and concluded
that these cues were only imagined by patients. However, people continued to believe in this process of
Page 5 of 10
‘mesmerism’ and it was soon realized that successful results could be achieved, but without the need for
magnets and water.
B. The term hypnotism was first used by James Braid, a British physician who studied suggestion and hypnosis
in the mid- 1800s. He demonstrated that hypnosis differed from sleep, that it was a physiological response and
not a result of secret powers. During the same period, James Esdaile, a Scottish doctor working in India, used
hypnotism instead of anesthetic in over 200 major surgical operations, including leg amputations. Later that
century a French neurologist, Jean Chrcot, successfully experimented with hypnosis in his clinic for nervous
disorders.
C. Since then, scientists have shown that the state of hypnosis is a natural human behavior, which can affect
psychological, social and/ or physical experiences. The effects of hypnotism depend on the ability, willingness
and motivation of the person hypnotized. Although hypnosis has been compared to dreaming and sleepwalking,
it is not actually related to sleep. It involves a more active and intensive mental concentration of the person
being hypnotized. Hypnotized people can talk, write and walk about and they are usually fully aware of what is
being said and done.
D. There are various techniques used to induce hypnosis. The best known is a series of simple suggestions
repeated continuously in the same tone of voice. The subject is instructed to focus their attention on an object of
fixed point, while being told to relax, breathe deeply, and allow the eyelids to grow heavy and close. As the
person responds, their state of attention changes, and this altered state often leads to other changes. For
example, the person may experience different levels of awareness, consciousness, imagination, memory and
reasoning or becoming responsive to suggestions. Additional phenomenon may be produced or eliminated such
as blushing, sweating, paralysis, muscle tension or anaesthesia. Although these changes can occur with
hypnosis, none of these experiences is unique to it. People who are very responsive to hypnosis are also more
responsive to suggestions when they are hypnotized. This responsiveness increases during hypnotism. This
explains why hypnosis takes only a few seconds for some, whilst other people cannot easily hypnotized.
E. It is a common misunderstanding that hypnotists are able to force people to perform criminal or any other
acts against their will. In fact, subjects can resist suggestions, and they retain their ability to distinguish right
from wrong. This misunderstanding is often the result of public performances where subjects perform ridiculous
or highly embarrassing actions at the command of the hypnotist. These people are usually instructed not to
recall their behavior after re-emerging from the hypnotic state, so it appears that they were powerless while
hypnotized. The point to remember, however, is that these individuals chose to participate, and the success of
hypnotism depends on the willingness of a person to be hypnotized.
F. Interestingly, there are different levels of hypnosis achievable. Thus deep hypnosis can be induces to allow
anaesthesia or surgery, childbirth or dentistry. This contrasts to a lighter state of hypnosis, which deeply relaxes
the patient who will then follow simple directions. This latter state may be used to treat mental health problems,
as it allow patients to feel calm while simultaneously thinking about distressing feelings or painful memories.
Thus patients can learn new responses to situations or come up with solutions to problems. This can help
recovery from psychological conditions such as anxiety, depression or phobias. Sometime after traumatic
incidents, memory of the incidents may be blocked. For example, some soldiers develop amnesia (loss of
memory) as a result of their experiences during wartime. Through hypnosis these repressed memories can be
retrieved and treated. A variation of this treatment involves age regression, when the hypnotist take the patient
back to a specific age. In this way patients may remember events and feelings from that time, which may be
affecting their current well-being.
G. Physicians also have made use of the ability of a hypnotized person to remain in a given position for long
periods of time. In one case, doctors had to graft skin onto a patient’s badly damaged foot. First, skin from the
person’s abdomen was grafted onto his arm; then the graft was transferred to his foot. With hypnosis, the
patient held his arm tightly in position over his abdomen for three weeks, then over his foot for four weeks.
Even though these positions were unusual, the patient at no time left uncomfortable.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below. Write the correct
number, i-xi , next to Questions 1-6.
List of Headings
i. Use of hypnotism in criminal cases
ii. The body posture and hypnosis
iii. Early medical experiments with hypnotism
iv. Early association of hypnotists with psychology
v. Dangers of hypnotism
vi. How to hypnotise
vii. Hypnosis and free will
Page 6 of 10
viii. Difference between mesmerism and hypnotism
ix. Therapeutic uses of hypnosis
x. Origins of hypnosis
xi. The normality of hypnotized subjects’ behavior
Example Answer
Paragraph A x
1. Paragraph B
2. Paragraph C
3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E
5. Paragraph F
6. Paragraph G:
Questions 7-10: Complete the summary of the history of hypnosis. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answer in the space provided.
References to hypnotism can be found both in the Talmud and the (7) ______________________. Even
when Mesmer’s (8) ______________________ were not used, successful results occurred without them. Braid
identified hypnosis as a natural (9) ______________________ response, rather than magical or mystical. Early
psychological studies showed the difference between sleep and hypnosis. Successful hypnosis requires the
subject’s active (10) ______________________. Consequently subjects can speak or move around and are
aware of their surroundings.
Part 5: Read the text about Captain Cook and answer questions (5pts).
For questions 1–10, identify which section A–F each of the following is mentioned. Write ONE letter A–F in
the space provided. Each letter may be used more than once.
CPE – Reading and Use of English
The Changing Faces of Captain Cook
A
In the painting by Johann Zoffany which depicts the death of Captain James Cook- the tireless eighteenth-
century explorer- the captain is shown lying on the ground,mortally wounded and surrounded by an angry group
of half-naked warriors. The painting, in keeping with others of the late eighteenth century, contributed to the
growing demand for stylised depictions of heroic deaths of British officers. This fashion reinforced the
viewpoint that British elite, at that time, were selflessly willing to sacrifice themselves in the name of
enlightenment and progress. During his career in the navy, Cook made three important voyages into the Pacific.
A quick look at a map of that area today will show reminders of that time – for example, the Cook Islands, and
Mount Cook on the South Island of New Zealand.
B
There is some controversy as to whether Cook should be regarded simply as part of the progress which led to
Europe spreading its influence and strength into the Pacific or whether he played a more active role. Either way,
the significance of his discoveries remains immense. His expeditions contributed greatly to the study of botany,
anthropology, navigation, exploration, cartography, and medicine. In fact, his greatest accomplishments
probably stemmed from his thorough approach to whatever he undertook, which led him to be able to
consolidate the work of earlier explorers. Cook’s first two voyages into the Pacific were characterized by his
tolerance and forbearance towards the inhabitants he visited and the importance he placed on the physical well-
being of his crew. His recognition of the fact that there was a huge cultural difference between his men and the
islanders influenced his dealings with the latter and the commands issued to the former. By contrast, his third
and last voyage saw a different, more irritable Cook, a man who frequently punished his own men for minor
misdemeanours. Flogging became a relatively common event and some crew members even began to plot
munity.
C
On 16th January, 1779, Cook’s ships put in at Kealakekua Bay on Hawaii having first slowly circumnavigated
the island. He had decided that they should pass the winter in a warm region before sailing to the west coast of
America to restock the ships. The arrival of the ships coincided with the rituals surrounding the worship of the
god Lono. By landing at the bay where the temple of the god was situated in this particular season, the
expedition managed to fulfil with amazing precision the various legends associated with Lono. Even the ship’s
masts and sails bore some resemblance to the emblem of the god. Speculation has it that the inhabitants of the
island may have supposed Cook to actually be the god, visiting them in human form, or that he was a human
Page 7 of 10
representative of the god. Either way, they welcomed him with open arms and gave him help in stocking his
ships with food.
D
The expedition’s departure happened to coincide with the end of this season worship, no doubt further adding to
the islanders’ conviction that Cook was a man of importance to them. Unfortunately, the expedition had to
return to the bay after one of the ships suffered storm damage. On the island, it was now a period dedicated to
the worship of the god Ku, a deity opposed to Lono. Cook’s return was therefore contradictory and confusing,
and potentially upset the delicate relationship that had been previously established. Events took a turn for the
worse with his decision to confront the Hawaiian king after the theft of one of his boats. This served to incur the
wrath of the islanders and triggered a series of events that led to his being killed by them on the beach of the
bay while trying to flee from the island.
According to the text, which section(s) mention the following? Your answers
Cook’s voyages enhancing knowledge in a range of fields 1.
Cook’s fateful decision to challenge a figure of authority 2.
the concept of giving up one’s life for a greater good 3.
meticulous methodology being crucial to Cook’s achievements 4.
remarkable coincidences facilitating Cook’s purpose 5.
a change in circumstances clouding a situation 6.
the abandonment of an enlightened approach 7.
the privileged seeking to reinforce an image 8.
the possibility of Cook being passed for a divinity 9.
asking if Cook merely performed his duty or actively shaped regional policy 10.
Part 3: Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion on the following issue (12 pts)
Schools are no longer necessary because children can get so much information available through the
Internet, and they can study just as well at home.
What is your own opinion?
Give reasons for your answer, and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience. You may
continue your writing on the back page if you need more space
Page 8 of 10
ĐỀ 1
A. LISTENING (50 pts)
Part 1: You will hear a radio interview about fox hunting. For questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B, C
or D) which fits best according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes (10pts) - CAE Practice Test
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B
Part 2: You will hear the historian, George Davies, talking about society and the theatre in England in
the time of William Shakespeare. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes .(10pts) (– CPE Practice Test )
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F
Part 3. Listen to an introduction of a new invention and answer the following questions. USE NO
MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answers in the
spaces provided.(10 pts) IELTS PRACTICE
1. 20,000 pounds/ £20,000
2. Antarctica
3. Aviators and air crew.
4. 160 km
5. 1770
Part 4: Listen to a piece of news about the formation of young planets. WRITE NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER in the spaces provided. (20 pts) (BBC News)
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B
6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A
Part 2 The passage below contains 6 errors in spelling, grammar, word form. For questions 1-5,
underline the errors and write the corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes. CPE practice test
1. l1: wrongly => wrong 2. l3: annoy =>annoying 3. l4: an interest => interest
4. l5: cancelled => been 5. l6: pinning => pinned
cancelled
Part 3: Fill each gap in the following sentences with one of the prepositions or particles. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes (5pts) (Olympic 30/4)
1. to 2. to 3. up 4. out in 5. up
Part 4: For questions 1- 10, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the corresponding numbered boxes.
(10 points) (Adapted from www.theguardian.com)
Page 9 of 10
1. multicellular/ 2. diversity 3. photosynthesize 4. inorganic 5. concentrations
multi-cellular
6. compared 7. discovered 8. definite 9. clouded 10. non-charismatic
Part 2: Read the text below and think of one word which best fits each space. Use only ONE WORD for
each space. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts) Towards Proficiency
Part 3: Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) according to the text.
Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes (15pts).
HOW TO MASTER SKILLS FOR THE TOEFL IBT ACTUAL TEST- READING TEST BOOK
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B
Part 4 : Read the following passage and do the tasks that follows. Write your answer in the space
provided. (15 pts)
15 DAYS’ PRACTICE FOR IELTS READING
1. iii 2. xi 3. vi 4. vii 5. ix
6. ii 7. Bible 8. magnets and 9. physiological/ 10. (mental)
water human concentration
Part 5: Read the text about Captain Cook and answer questions (10pts).
For questions 1–10, identify which section A–F each of the following is mentioned. Write ONE letter A–
F in the space provided. Each letter may be used more than once.
CPE – Reading and Use of English
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6.D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B
Page 10 of 10