ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT

PRACTICAL ARTICLES

Laboratory safety and security

Nanda Syafira 1*

1
ICP of Biology Education,Group 3, Biology Education, Makassar State University, Indonesia.

Abstract
Occupational health and safety is the primary means of prevention of accidents, disability and death as a
result of work accidents. One of the health facilities, including hospitals, health centers, Hall public health,
clinics, clinical laboratories, and health laboratories, is a workplace that is very loaded with potential health
hazards and safety of its employees. The laboratory is the place most at risk for the occurrence of work
accident, because in the laboratory perform activities related to physical properties, biology, and chemistry
and others that will certainly impact the health, safety in physical, mental and social aspects for praktikan in
the lab. The implementation of Occupational Health and safety (K3) is one form of effort to create a safe,
healthy workplace, free from environmental pollution, so as to reduce and or free from accidents and
occupational diseases which in turn can increase work efficiency and productivity. Occupational public
health needs to be considered because in addition to causing disturbances in productivity levels,
occupational public health can arise due to their work..

Key word: ; Health; Laboratory; Work safety

INTRODUCTION
Occupational Safety and occupational accidents are things that can not be separated at
all workplaces. Occupational Safety is the primary means of prevention of accidents,
disability and death as a result of work accidents. Good work safety is the gateway to Labor
security Safety concerns the entire process of production and distribution, both goods and
services (Suma'mur, 1996). Health facilities, including hospitals, health centers, Hall public
health, clinics, clinical laboratories, and health laboratories, is a workplace that is very loaded
with potential health hazards and safety of its employees. Risk of health problems and
accidents become increasingly large considering that health facilities are a place of work the
dense workforce. And from various studies show that the prevalence of health problems that
occur in health facilities is higher compared to other workplaces (Mansyur, 2007). One of the
health facilities is a laboratory, where the laboratory is the place most at risk for the
occurrence of work accidents, because in the laboratory perform activities related to physical
properties, biology, and chemistry and others that will certainly impact the health and safety
in physical, mental and social aspects for praktikan in the laboratory.

Two important factors that greatly affect how the work situation in laboratories can be
formed both internally and externally. Internally, awareness and understanding of itself holds
a very it is important for the preparation and process of laboratory work. This concerns ability
of laboratory work they can do, background health and resilience of both physical and mental
conditions. External factors, good physical aspects of the workplace (laboratory) such as
building conditions, availability of tables and chairs and atmosphere, as well as social aspects
sourced from others, will affect the form of interaction that occurs between both.

Laboratory acts as a place to doexperiment or research. In science learning, the

laboratory acts as a place for supporting activities from Class Activities. Perhaps even the
main role in science learning is the laboratory while the classroom as a place of supporting
activities. A Total Quality Management plan was developed and implemented on a chemical
engineering laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. Feedback from the
researchers in the lab indicated that the safety measures introduced in this report successfully
improved laboratory safety (Zakzeski, 2009). Personal protective equipment (PPE)
compliance was highly associated with researchers’ perception of the level of risk in their lab;
PPE compliance generally declined with lower perceived risk. In contrast to industry and
government labs, PPE compliance of researchers in academia was significantly positively
influenced when their safety behavior was monitored (Schröder et al., 2016). Laboratory
safety must be an integral part of today’s chemistry—a science based upon laboratory inquiry
(Hill, 2007). Laboratory safety teams (LSTs) are collaborative groups that seek to improve
the safety culture within a department or multiple departments. They usually consist of a
partnership between departmental faculty, staff, and students and have the goal of providing
concrete opportunities for all of these stakeholders to continuously improve safety practices
within their department (Miller & Tyler, 2019).

METHOD
Filling out the laboratory safety form before starting the experiment, the instructor will
direct to fill out a laboratory safety form. This contract will inform you that you have read the
procedure and are ready to carry out practical activities. After you fill out the form, then give
the formullir to be signed or paraphrased by the instructor. Use laboratory work safety
instructions to assist in preparing for each procedure and take responsibility for safety in the
laboratory. In laboratory, we should follow all work procedures, that’s it study all working
procedures before starting experiments in the laboratory, ask questions if you don't
understand every part of the observation, understand all safety symbols related to the
investigation, do not start any activity until directed by an instructor, use laboratory
equipment for its intended purpose only, collect all the tools and materials to your working
place before starting the experiment, when acquiring laboratory materials, remove the amount
of material to be used only, learn and follow procedures for using specific laboratory
equipment such as neracam microscopes, hot plates and spirits, when rinsing containers such
as test tubes or bottles, keep them away from yourself and others, do not taste, touch or inhale
odors from chemicals or substances in the laboratory. Also we must clean the laboratory after
do practical, like turn off all burners, gas valves and faucets before leaving the laboratory
disconnect electrical devices, clean all equipment as instructed by the instructor. Return
everything to proper storage, dispose of all leftover materials properly. Place the disposable
material in a special and marked for that type of material, do not pour liquid down the drain
unless instructed to, wash hands thoroughly with soap and warm water after completing the
activity and before removing the lab coat and glasses.

RESULTS
Table 1. Practical Activity Results

No. Documentation Description

1.

Oxidizing

2.

Toxic

3.

Flammable

4.

Corrasive

5.

Poison gas
 6.

Dangerous when wet

7.

Explosive

8.

Dangerous for environment

9.

Irritant

10.

Forbidden to eat and drink

PURPOSE
 Safety while working in the laboratory is the dream of every individual because it is
related to health benefits, safety and comfort while working. Working safely means reducing
the risk of accidents (Muhtaridi, 2011). To reduce the risk of accidents in chemical
laboratories, various studies have been carried out such as the production of salt from sea
water. In the production of salt from seawater can be studied the concept of separation.
Decomposition is filtration, evaporation and crystallization (Suardana, 2010). For acid-base
test can be used vinegar, fruit extracts, soapy water, ash water and others. The chemical
reaction test can be used with vinegar acid with fresh lime to test gas, water-sprayed lime to
test precipitation, and Carbide with water to test gas whose temperature changes. Although
exothermic and endothermic events can be used, urea plus water produces endothermic
events and Carbide plus water produces exothermic events (Redhana, 2014). (Lasia et al.,
2020)
Occupational Safety and security in the laboratory provides a goal for the community,
the community and the environment of laboratory workers to work as a whole in a healthy,
strong, comfortable, safe, productive and prosperous life. To achieve this goal requires
understanding, capacity and good cooperation from all parties. The ministry as a responsible
organization in the community provides input on various regulations, technical guidelines and
K3 guidelines in the laboratory through the preparation of sops and socialization activities to
all laboratory staff. (Rahmantiyoko et al., 2019).
Laboratory safety is the state of being free from danger or fear of accidents occurring
in the laboratory due to measures taken to prevent harm to researchers (Southworth and
Heffernan, 2012). Safe laboratories do not arise naturally; many different factors must be
considered and various efforts must be made to achieve this (Karapantsios et al., 2008). This
requires laboratory safety management, which can be defined as the prevention and
minimization of hazards in the laboratory due to injury, disease, or equipment damage (Yoon,
2021).
A place scientific developments through various studies and experiments, in research
activities / trial courses use a variety of tools and chemicals to support its activities and some
other supporting facilities such as water, Gas, Electric and acid cabinets, instrument courses ,
chemical, laboratory facilities and their operations potentially cause as many accidents.
Laboratory infrastructure condition
it's different in every facility. There are institutions whose laboratory conditions are adequate,
but there are also institutions whose laboratory conditions are very minimal. This will affect
the quality of the learning process practicum in the laboratory. This gap is due to the lack of
standardized laboratory training for health workers. Therefore, it is necessary to develop
laboratory standards order to graduate
who are trained have the appropriate skills that will be acquired through the program .
(Syakbania & Wahyuningsih, 2017).
Health and safety (K3) is a thought and effort to ensure the integrity and perfection of
both physical and spiritual labor (laboran/analyst) in particular and humans in general, the
work and culture towards a just and prosperous society. Scientifically K3 is science and its
application in an effort to prevent the possibility of accidents and occupational
diseases.Chemical laboratory is the completeness of a study program that is used to improve
the skills of the use and use of chemical materials and analytical equipment (instrumentation).
In advanced use,the laboratory is a means of carrying out scientific research
activities.Chemical laboratory with all equipment and chemicals is a place potentially pose a
danger to its users if the workers in it are not equipped with knowledge about occupational
health and safety. Occupational Safety and health philosophically is a thought and effort to
ensure the integrity and perfection of both physical and spiritual. With occupational safety
and health, users are expected to be able to do their jobs safely and comfortably.
Occupational Safety and occupational accidents are things that can not be
separated at all workplaces. Occupational Safety is the primary means of prevention of
accidents, disability and death as a result of work accidents. Good work safety is the gateway
to Labor security Safety concerns the entire process of production and distribution, both
goods and services (Suma'mur, 1996). Health facilities, including hospitals, health centers,
Hall public health, clinics, clinical laboratories, and health laboratories, is a workplace that is
very loaded with potential health hazards and safety of its employees. Risk of health
problems and accidents become increasingly large considering that health facilities are a
place of work the dense workforce. And from various studies show that the prevalence of
health problems that occur in health facilities is higher compared to other workplaces
(Mansyur, 2007).

DISCUSSION
Occupational safety regulations the purpose of Occupational Safety Regulations is to
ensure ; Health, safety and well-being of people working in the laboratory. Prevent others
from being exposed to laboratory work risks that cause health problems due to activities in
the laboratory. Control the storage and use of flammable and toxic materials. Controls the
release of harmful substances (gases) and odorous substances into the air,so they do not
negatively affect the environment. The general rules contained in the regulation concern the
following matters; Unauthorized persons are prohibited from entering the laboratory, to
prevent unwanted things. Do not conduct experiments before knowing information about
chemicals, tools and how to use them. Recognize all types of work safety equipment and its
location to facilitate assistance during laboratory work accidents. Must know how to
pemekaian emergency tools: fire extinguisher eyeshadower, respirator and other safety
equipment. Every laboratory/laboratory worker must know to give emergency assistance
(P3K). Safety training should be practiced periodically, not memorized. It is forbidden to eat,
drink and smoke in the lab, this applies also to the laboratory and the head of the laboratory.
Do not talk too much, joke, and other jokes when working in the laboratory. Keep unused
tools, Bags, hand phones, and other objects away from the workbench.

CONCLUSIONS
The implementation of Occupational Health and safety (K3) is one form of effort to
create a safe, healthy workplace, free from environmental pollution, so as to reduce and or
free from work accidents and occupational diseases which in turn can increase work
efficiency and productivity. With the introduction of work safety in the laboratory it can
minimize and can be avoided accidents that will occur in the laboratory. So with this K3, the
laboratory atmosphere can be safer. If there is a work accident in the laboratory then we can
handle and anticipate the accident. Because work accidents can be influenced by several
factors including stress, fatigue, fatigue and others that can accidentally cause work
accidents. The occurrence of work accidents caused by two groups. The first group is
mechanical and environmental factors (unsafe condition), while the second group is human
factors (unsafe action). Occupational hazards, like other environmental health problems, are
acute or chronic (temporary or ongoing) and their effects may be immediate or long-lasting.
Health effects can be direct or indirect. Occupational public health needs to be considered,
because in addition to causing disturbances in productivity levels, occupational public health
can arise due to their work. Occupational health targets in particular are workers and work
equipment in laboratory environments.

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