NEUMAN BIOGRAPHY:
- Betty Neuman was born in 1924 near Lowell, Ohio.
She grew up on a farm which later encouraged her to
help people who are in need. Her father was a farmer
who became sick and died at the age of 36.
- Her mother was a self-educated midwife that led the
young Neuman to be always influenced by the
commitment that took her away from home from time to
time. She had one older brother and a younger brother,
which makes her the middle child among her siblings.
- Her love for nursing started when she took care of her
father, which later created her compassion in her
chosen career path.
LINE OF RESISTANCE
- Represents resource factors that help client defend
against stressor ( immune response system )
- It is the last boundary that protects the basic structure
- Protect the basic structure and nag activate lang siya
when environmental stressors invade the normal line of
defense
- Example :
PROCESS/ FUNCTION
- In Betty Neuman's nursing theory, understanding these
processes and functions helps nurses provide care that
supports the patient's overall well-being and helps
them adapt to challenges and stressors. It's about
maintaining a healthy balance within the patient's
system.
NEGENTROPHY
- negentropy means maintaining order and balance in
your health. It's like keeping things running smoothly
instead of getting chaotic. Nurses using this idea help
you stay healthy and balanced in your life.
CREATED ENVIRONMENT
- refers to the surroundings and conditions that affect
your health. Nurses consider how your physical,
emotional, and social environment impacts your
well-being and work to make it supportive of your
health.
STRESSORS
- In Betty Neuman's System Model, "stressors" are like
the challenges or pressures that life throws at us.
These can be physical, emotional, or environmental
factors that can affect our health. Nurses in this model
help you deal with these stressors and stay well
despite life's challenges.
INTRAPERSONAL
- refers to what's going on within you as an individual. It's
about understanding your thoughts, feelings, and
physical condition and how they affect your health.
Nurses consider your inner world to provide you with
the best care
Nursing metapradigm ; nursing
- Betty Neuman's perspective on nursing is inspiring
because it highlights the special role of nurses in
taking care of the whole person. Imagine you have a
friend who not only looks at how you're feeling but also
considers everything around you that might affect your
health.
- It's like having someone who cares about your overall
well-being, including your environment, emotions, and
physical health, all at once. This approach makes
nursing unique and meaningful because it looks at the
big picture to help you stay healthy and happy.
PRIMARY PREVENTION
- It is all about stopping health problems before they
even start. It's like wearing a helmet to prevent head
injuries while riding a bike. Nurses work to keep you
from getting sick or stressed in the first place.
- for COVID-19 would be like taking steps to avoid
getting the virus in the first place. This includes actions
such as wearing masks, practicing social distancing,
and getting vaccinated to prevent infection and the
spread of the virus. Nurses promote these measures to
keep individuals and communities safe from COVID-19
TERTIARY PREVENTION
- is about helping people who are already dealing with a
health problem, like a chronic illness.
- It's like giving someone the best care possible to
manage their condition and prevent it from getting
worse.
- Nurses focus on improving the quality of life for
individuals with existing health issues.
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
● Explanation: This is like figuring out what's wrong with
the patient. Nurses gather information about the
patient's health to identify any problems or concerns
that need attention.
● Example: Let's say a patient has high blood pressure.
The nursing diagnosis here would be "Risk for High
Blood Pressure" because the patient is at risk of
developing this condition.
So, in simple terms:
● Diagnosis: Identifying the problem (e.g., "Risk for High
Blood Pressure").
● Goal: Setting a target for improvement (e.g., "Reduce
blood pressure to a healthy range").
● Outcome: Seeing if the patient gets better (e.g., blood
pressure is in a healthy range).
SIMPLICITY
- In Betty Neuman's System Model, "simplicity" means
keeping things easy to understand and not overly
complicated.
- It's about making healthcare and nursing care
straightforward and clear for both patients and
healthcare providers. This helps ensure that everyone
can work together effectively to promote health and
well-being.
SUMMARY
- Betty Neuman's System Model is like a guiding light for
nursing. It teaches nurses to look at the whole person,
not just their illness, and to create a balanced and
caring environment. It's about keeping things simple
and clear, and always striving to prevent health issues
or make things better. In the end, it's all about helping
people live healthier, happier lives.

WHOLISTIC APPROACH
- Holistic care is a type of healthcare that looks at
the entire person, not just their physical health. It
takes into account the person's emotions, social
life, and spiritual well-being to promote overall
wellness.
- An example of a holistic approach to nursing care
is Betty Neuman's Systems Model theory, which
considers all aspects of a patient's life when creating a
care plan. For instance, if a patient is experiencing
stress at work, a holistic care plan would not only
address their physical symptoms but also help them
manage their stress and find ways to improve their
work-life balance.
NURSING
1. The Term 'Nursing' Changes Accordingly: This
means that the concept of nursing can have different
meanings or interpretations depending on the
perspective of other disciplines. In other words, when
people from different fields talk about nursing, they may
have slightly different ways of understanding and
defining it.
2. Involves Obtaining a Broad Comprehensive
Database: This part is about gathering a lot of
information. Imagine you're doing research or trying to
understand something really well; you would gather a
lot of data or information about it. So, nursing, in this
context, involves collecting a wide range of information.
3. From Which Variances from Wellness Can Be
Determined: After collecting all that information, the
goal is to look for differences or variations from a state
of being healthy or well. In healthcare, "wellness"
means being in good health, and nursing involves
finding out when someone is not in good health, or
when there are variations from this healthy state.
- So, in simpler terms, when people from other fields talk
about nursing, they might have their own definitions.
But nursing, at its core, is about collecting a lot of
information to figure out when someone is not well and
what might be causing that unwellness. This
information helps nurses and healthcare professionals
provide the right care and treatment to help people get
better.
Betty Neuman, a renowned nursing theorist, developed a
comprehensive and holistic approach to nursing. Her Neuman
Systems Model theory considers the impact of environmental
stressors on a patient's system and aims to maintain their
stability through a range of nursing interventions. These
interventions are categorized into three levels of prevention,
namely primary, secondary, and tertiary, with the goal of
minimizing stress and promoting overall well-being. By
integrating this model into their practice, nurses can provide
personalized care that addresses the unique needs of each
patient and fosters a positive healing environment.
- In short, the Flexible Line of Defense is about how
your body deals with stress, while Primary
Prevention is about stopping health problems
before they happen. Both are important for staying
healthy.
Flexible Line of Defense:

● Think of this as your body's general ability to

handle stress and stay balanced, like a superhero
suit that helps you adapt to various challenges.
● Example: When you face a change in weather, your
body's ability to adjust your temperature (sweating
when it's hot and shivering when it's cold) is part
of your flexible line of defense.

Line of Resistance:

● This is more like your specific strength to deal with

particular stressors or challenges in life, such as
exams, relationship issues, or work pressure.
● Example: Let's say you're preparing for a big exam.
Your Line of Resistance would be how well you
manage stress related to that specific test. If you
use effective study techniques and stay calm,
you're strengthening your Line of Resistance
against exam stress.

In simple terms, the Flexible Line of Defense is your

overall capacity to adapt to stress in different areas of
your life, while the Line of Resistance is your specific
ability to handle particular stressors effectively. Both are
essential for staying healthy and resilient, like having a
general superhero suit and specialized tools for specific
challenges.