PART 3: FORMS OF VERBS

I. Gerund : Danh động từ

A. FORM: (cách cấu tạo) V + ING = N
Eg: doing, living, working…
B. USAGE: (cách sử dụng)
1. Gerund is used after prepositions: sử dụng sau giới từ
*to be/ get used to + V_ing
accustomed to
Ex1: He is / gets used to getting up early.

* to be /get fond of
keen on + V_ing
interested in
Ex2: She is interested in watching Korea film.
*to be/ get tired of
bored with
fed up with
* to be/ get afraid of + V_ing
terified of
appalled by
* to be good at
Ex3: He is good at learning maths, physics, chemistry.
2. Đứng sau thành ngữ : it is no use, it is no good : vô ích
there is no use, there is no good: vô ích
can’t stand . bear . help : không thể chịu được
3. Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth + V_ing
4. Gerund as a verb : Đứng sau một số động từ này
Ex: She enjoyed eating banana

S + V + V_ing
1. admit : thừa nhận 18. hate : ghét
2. appreciate : đánh giá cao 19. mind : phiền
3. avoid : tránh 20. miss : nhớ, lỡ, mất
4. consider : xem xét 21. postpone : đình, hõan.
5. delay : trì hõan 22. practise : luyện tập
6. dislike : không thích 23. recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại. .
7. deny : từ chối 24. regret : tiếc nuối ( quá khứ)
8. enjoy : thưởng thức 25. tolerate : bỏ qua
9. finish : hòan thành 26. understand : hiểu
10. forget : quên ( qúa khứ ) 27. remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ )
11. forgive : tha thứ 28. resent : tức giận, phật ý.
12. fancy : tưởng tượng 29. resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng.
13. keep : tiếp tục 30. restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa.
14. like : thích * can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help
15. risk : liều lĩnh. * it is no use, it is no good, there is no use .
16. stop : ngừng, từ bỏ. * look forward to : mong chờ
17. suggest : đề nghị * busy, worth : đáng làm gì

II. TO INFINITIVE ( To V. (động từ nguyên mẫu có To..

1. Bare infinitive ( Động từ nguyên mẫu không có To.
a. Đứng sau động từ khiếm khuyết
Ex1: They shall go camping
can/ could
must
may/ might
ought to
S + shall/ should, will/ would + V0
need/ needn’t
dare / daren’t
would sooner = would rather
had better= ‘d better
B. Đứng sau động từ chỉ giác quan.
S +Ex: They see/ hear/ feel/ watch/
see him pick up the gun.
notice + O + V0
let/ make/ have
Note:
* to help + O + to V
+ V0
Ex; He helped me (to ) do my homework

2. INFINITIVE ( Động từ nguyên mẫu có To.

a. S + V + To V
Ex1: She agreed to love him

1. afford : cung cấp đủ 21. manage : xoay xở

2. agree : đồng ý 22. mean : muốn
3. appear : có vẻ 23. need : cần ( chủ động, người )
4. arrange : sắp xếp 24. offer : mời
5. ask : hỏi 25. plan : dự định, kế hoạch
6. attempt : cố gắng 26. prepare : chuẩn bị
7. beg : đề nghị, xin 27. pretend : giả vờ
8. care : quan tâm 28. promise : hứa
9. claim : cho là, tuyên bố 29. refuse : từ chối
11. decide : quyết định 32. seem : dường như
12. demand : yêu cầu 34. swear : thề
14. expect : trông đợi 36. tend : có khuynh hướng
15. dare : dám 37. volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong
16. fail : thất bại 38. wait : đợi
18. hesitate : ngập ngừng 39. want : muốn ( chủ động )
19. hope : hy vọng 40. wish : ao ước
20. learn : học
B. S + V + O + To.
Ex: He begged her to kill him.

1. advise : khuyên 23. require : yêu cầu

2. allow: cho phép 24. recommend : khuyên
3. ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi 26. tell : bảo
4. beg : năn nỉ, xin 27. urge : thúc giục, thuyết phục
7. convince : thuyết phục 28. want : muốn
9. encourage : khuyến khích 29. warn : cảnh báo
10. expect : trông đợi 31. would like : thích
11. forbid : cấm 32. would prefer : thích
12. force : bắt buộc 33. appoint : chỉ định ai làm gì
14. instruct : chỉ dẫn 35. choose : lựa chọn
15. invite : mời 36. compel : cưỡng bách
16. need : cần 37. defy : thách
17. tempt : cám dỗ 38. desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng
18. intend : dự định 39. direct : hướng dẫn, chỉ huy
19. order : ra lệnh 40. implore : yêu cầu
20. permit : cho phép 41. provoke : xúi giục
21. persuade : thuyết phục
22. remind : nhắc lại

C. Một số động từ có 2 trường hợp:

 Stop + to V : dừng lại để….
V-ing: từ bỏ(thói quen.
 Remember + V-ing: nhớ đã làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V: nhớ sẽ làm gì (tương lai)
 Forget + V-ing: đã quên làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V : Sẽ(không. quên làm gì (tương lai)
 Regret + V-ing: hối hận vì đã…
To V: thông báo một tin xấu
 Try + V-ing: thử làm gì đó
To V: cố gắng làm gì đó

3. Một số cấu trúc khác:

a. It + is + adj + (for O) + To V
 Ex1: It’s difficult to learn English well.
b.
It + takes /took /cost + adj + (for O) + To V
Ex2: It took me 30 minutes to get there by bicycle.

c. S + is / was + TOO + adj + To V

Ex3: This shirt is too short for me to wear.
d.
S + is / was + adj + enough + To V
Ex4: She is not young enough to take part in the beauty contest.
4. The infinitive can express purpose: (Diễn tả mục đích)
Ex1: She is going to Paris to improve her French.
Ex2: In order to pass the exams we are studying very hard
Ex3: We are studying hard in order to pass the exam
Ex4: We are studying hard so as not to fail the exams.

to
S + V + in order to + V0
so as to
EXERCISE:
A. Supply the correct form of the verbs :
1. I wanted her (learn) _________ English.
2. Will you help me (move) _________ this desk ?
3. Please let me (know) _________ your opinion.
4. Would you like (paint) _____ your bike or should I have a painter (do) _ it for you ?
5. He warned me (not come) _________ late.
6. Did you see Tom (try) ________(reach) the top of the dresser ?
7. We had to ask the students (stop) _________ (make. so much noise.
8. I couldn’t stand (be) _________ alone in the dark room.
9. You must remember (lock) _______ the door before leaving the house.
10. The children are busy (collect) _________ shells on the beach
11. We regret (say) ____ that the lecture was dull and wasn’t worth (listen) ___ to.
12. He enjoys (listen) _________ to his own voice.
13. Can you manage(finish.) _______ (write) ______ these reports by yourself ?
14. We considered (give) ______ her a dress for her birthday, but couldn’t help (buy. _________ her some flowers, too.
15. Would you mind (keep) ______ quiet for a moment ? I’m trying (fill) ______ in a form.
- It’s no use (ask) _________ children (keep) _______ quiet. They can’t help (make) _______ noise.
16. Could I (see) _________ Mr. Brown, please ?
17. I am looking forward to (see) __________ you.
18. He urged us (work)____________ faster.
19. It's no use (wait)________________ .
20. He is tired of ( walk )________________ to school.
B. Mark A, B, C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. We don't mind _________ poor people.
A. helping B. to helping C. to help D. help
2. Mrs. Taylor is usually busy ________ her housework.
A. do B. doing C. does D. to do
3. John decided ________ another job.
A. finding B. to find C. find D. to have found
4. She told me ___________ the back door.
A. about to shut B. shutting C. shut D. to shut
5. We're looking forward _________ from our aunt.
A. hear B. to hearing C. hearing D. to hear
6. He wanted ________ a book.
A. to borrow B. borrow C. borrowed D. borrowing
7. Her parents can't stand ________ her at home all day.
A. to seeing B. to see C. seeing D. see
8. Don't forget ________ me an email when you arrive home.
A. to dropping B. to drop C. drop D. dropping
9. Would you like _________ some chocolate?
A. having B. have C. to have D. All are correct
10. My grandfather promised _________ me a toy car.
 A. gave B. give C. to give D. giving
11. The film was very sad. It made us _________.
A. to cry B. cry C. crying D. to crying
12. They invited me _________ their wedding party.
A. to attend B. attending C. attended D. attend
13. My neighbour saw Tom __________ to a stranger.
A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. a and b are correct
14. As a child I enjoyed __________ comics.
A. to read B. to reading C. reading D. read
15. Let us ________ a camping fire.
A. to make B. make C. making D. to making
16. I can hear someone ____________ at the door.
A. knocks B. knock C. is knocking D. to knock
17. I think your father should let you ____________ to school alone.
A. go B. going C. to go D. gone
18. Does Dr. Johnson mind __________ at home if his patients need his help?
A. to call B. calling C. to be called D. being called
19. They let their children _____________ up late at weekends.
A. staying B. stay C. to stay D. stayed
20. Peter is very funny. He makes me _____________a lot
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
21. They noticed him _____________ the agreement.
A. sign B. to sign C. signing D. signed
22. The boss made _____________for a meeting after work.
A. us to stay B. us stay C. us staying D. us to staying
23. The man wanted to avoid ................ on security cameras.
A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. being seen
24. Peter _____________ to go in for the exam.
A. avoided B. let C. advised D. decided
25. Will you remind me ............. this letter at the post office?
A. to post B. posting C. to be posted D. being posted
26. I have told him never ........... to buy some potatoes on the way home.
A. come B. comes C. came D. to come
27. His mothes hates….. to pop music
A. listen B. listening C. to listening D. having listened
28. The chikdren enjoy ….. football after school
A. played B. playing C. to play D. play
29. John doesn’t want ….. far from his house
A. works B. work C. to work D. working
30. I persuaded my friend ….. me his caravan for my trip to the country side
A. with lending B. with to lend C. to lend D. lending
31. I enjoy to cook for there five hungry children
A B C D
32. His parents never allowed him …..
A. a smoking B. smoking C. to smoke D. some smoke
33. Do you consider………. friens on Sunday?
A. inviting B. to invide C. invited D. inviter
34. After finishing the presentation, I suggested….. to the , cinema
A. us to go B. that we to go C. going D. we going
35. Comedies always make me …….
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed
36. He avoids ….. me on the street . A. to meet B. met C. meeting D. to be met
37. Would you mind give me a hand ? I have a lot of things
A B C D
38. I remember ….. you about this before. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told
39. He let the letter ….. onto the floor
A. fall B. falls C. falling D. fell
40. The police want us ….. anything
A. that we report B. reporting C. to report D. we report
41. Please ask them ….. in this area. A. don’t smoke B. not smoking C. not to smoke D. to not smoke
42. Let your name ….. in the sheet pares
A. tobe written B. being written C. write D. being written
43. His parents allows him ….. A. to smoke B. smoked C. smoking D. to smoking
44. As we walked past , we saw her ….. his car . A. in washing B. to wash C. wash D. washing
45. The skiers would rather ________ through the mountains than go by bus.
A. to travel on train b. traveled by train c. travel by train d. traveling by the train