TD-T05 : Machines Thermiques Mr.

JEKKI

Exercise 1 : Rendement d’un cycle de Brayton source chaude source froide

Qc > 0 Qf < 0
1- T1 = a
γ−1
γ T0 = 541 K; T3 = a
1−γ
γ T2 = 518 K Reacteur Centrale Fleuve
T1 T2
2- moteur thermique:

P W <0

B C
P1 Exercise 3 : Pompe a chaleur

Qc dT
1- a) + aT = aT0 ⇒ T (t) = T0 + (T1 − T0 ) exp (−at)
dt
 
1
b) a = ∆t × ln TT12 −T
−T0 = 9, 6 × 10
0 −5 −1
s

P0 T1
2- eT = 0, 40 × emax = 0, 40 × T1 −T0 = 11, 6
A D
Qf V
Pth
3- Pth = aC (T1 − T0 ) = 9600 W → P = = 828 W;
eT

3- Qc = QBC = Cp (T2 − T1 ) > 0 et Qf = QDA = Cp (T0 − T3 ) < 0 Exercise 4 : Cycle Diesel à double combustion
−W Qf T0 − T3 1- . (1 → 2) : T2 = aγ−1 T1 = 910 K;
η= =1+ =1+
Qc Qc T2 − T1
P3
1−γ . (2 → 3) : T3 = et P2 = aγ P1 → T3 = P
P2 T2
3 −γ
P1 a T2 = 1034 K;
⇒η =1−a γ = 0, 48
  V1   γ−1
T0
. (3 → 4) : V4 = V3 TT43 et V3 = → T5 = aT T4
T4 = 882 K
4- Tc = Tmax = T2 et Tf = Tmin = T0 ⇒ η C = 1 − T2 = 0, 72 a 3

Exercise 2 : Centrale thermique 2- Qc = Q23 + Q34 = 5R

(T3 − T2 ) + 7R
(T4 − T3 ) = 1131 kJ
2M 2M
T2
1- η c = 1 − = 0, 51 → η = 0, 60 × η c = 0, 307 = 30, 7 % 5R
T1 3- Qf = Q51 = 2M (T1 − T5 ) = −422 kJ
 
−W −W 1
2- η = = et −W = P × ∆t ⇒ Q2 = P × ∆t × 1 − 4- W = − (Qc + Qf ) = −709 kJ
Q1 −W − Q2 η
−W
3- Qf leuve = −Q2 = C.∆T et C = m × c = ρ × Dv × ∆t × c 5- η = = 0, 627 = 62, 7% ;Bon rendement a cause de la modelisation
  Qc
P 1 ideal, pratiqument on obtient un rendemnt plus faible
⇒ ∆T = −1 = +1, 8 ◦ C
Dv × ρ × c η

THERMODYNAMIQUE