Woldia university

Institute of technology
School of civil and water resource engineering
Hydropower Engineering one exam Time allowed: 2:30hr
Date: May, 2015 max. Mark: 40%
1. Why the following hydrologic considerations have been necessary in hydropower
developments? Explain briefly and individually by sketching the graph.

a. Reservoir Rule Curves

b. Area capacity curves

c. Tail water Relationships

2. Write the two Parameters which are necessary in making hydropower investigation?

3. What is the different between run off river and tower intakes and when they are preferable?

4. What are the main considerations which lead to the best choice for a number of penstocks?

5. The following data are obtained from the records of the mean monthly flows of a river for 10
years. The head available at the site of the power plant is 80 m and the plant efficiency is 70%.

Mean monthly flow range (m3/s) No. of occurrences (in 10-yr period)
200-249 4
250-299 5
300-349 15
350-399 22
400-449 23
450-499 20
500-549 19
550-599 9
600-649 3

a. Plot::- flow duration curve and power duration curve

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 b. Determine the mean monthly flow that can be expected and the average power that can
be developed.
c. What would be the trend of the curve if the mean weekly flow data are used instead of
monthly flows?

6. When a run-of-river plant operates as a peak load station with a weekly load factor of 20%, all
its capacity is firm capacity. What will be the minimum flow in the river so that the station may
serve as the base load station? It is given that

Rated installed capacity of generator = 10,000 kW

Operating head = 15 m

Plant efficiency = 80%

a. Estimate the daily load factor of the plant if the stream flow is 15 m3/s.

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