FEBRUARY 1, 2010

TUESDAY, JAN. 19
12:41 p.m.

Obama on he
his first anniversary
office and just hours
before the result of the
Massachusetts election
Photograph ;
by Callie Shell

www.time.com
 R WHOLE
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 Contents

4 | 10 QUESTIONS
Michael Pollan

6 | POSTCARD Yemen

8 |INBOX

11 | THE MOMENT
Nancy Gibbs on the
tollin Haiti

12 | THE worRLD The

right rallies
in Chile;
a reversal in Ukraine;
an FBI photo gaffe
14 | spotiicHT What
happens to all the
money going to Haiti
16 | VERBATIM Scott
Brown, triumphant;
Vivienne Westwood,
idiotic

18 | History Davos,
where the global élite
wine, dine, test the
slopes—and talk
Obama, burdened The President took power at a time ofcrisis. How he can recover his stride, page 22.
19 | MILESTONES Illustration for Time by Dylan Roscover
We mourna
photographer, a
novelist and a singer
22 | COVER Hitting the Reset Button In just a 43 | sociaL NORMS How | 49 | ARCHITECTURE |

year, President Obama has seen his storybook siblings cansharethe | Eero Saarinen,
20 |cuRIOUS CAPITALIST ascent descend into a Washington mess. To burden of caring for misunderstood |
Justin Fox on what to
" . ‘
regain public trust, the thinker will have to
. c a ee
FEE Pare
| y
+a us due
make of the profusion become a tenacious fighter by Joe Klein 45 |HEALTH Why
Fe ic indi you should
of economic indicators 30 | Mass Revolt How the Democrats bungled Sretereamrtebconsider 52 | Books An
g ; ; running barefooteven | anthology that opens
what should have been a gimme Senate election a alte
: SE SN after you grow up the door to European
in Massachusetts by Karen Tumulty Beton
' f 46 |CASH CRUNCH
32 | What It Will Take to ;Rebuild Haiti Money, A new website lets 53 | Movies The
sure, But other recent disasters, from vou—and everyone tearjerker makesa
Teddy New Orleans to Sichuan, offer important cleeeiteanibedie nambback:
Pendergrass, lessons on how best to help the battered nation credit-card spending
ay 54 | sort List What
page 19
by Bryan Walsh, Jay Newton-Small and Tim Padgett. ae Rada oe
pie ; Lily Tomlin has on her
Also: First person accounts from TIME reporters Kindle: the Galactica
on the ground in Haiti prequel, Caprica

56 | THE AWESOME COLUMN Joel Stein and Kevin

Smith watch the misfits on Jersey Shore

ON THE COVER: Photograph

for TIME by Callie Shell—Aurora

at Mail Agree 178. Returr Jeliverable Canadaa

st writte patra
where T f Subscribers: if the Postal Service alerts us that y agazine is undeliverable, we have no furthe p os w ve ected addre
Postmaster: Send pa 3363 .: CUSTOMER SERVICE AND SUBSCRIPTIONS —For 24/7 service, please use our website: www.time.com/customerservice. ¥

1-800-843-TIME of write to TIME at F 30601, Tampa, Fla. 33630-0601. Malling list: We make a portion of viling list available to reputablef f you would prefr that we © y ‘
P.O, Box 60001, Tampa, Fla, 336 / Send US an e-Mail at privacy@time.customersve.com, Printed in the

TIME February 1, 2010 ]

 To Our Readers ~

Healing Haiti. Those in Portau.

Prince need assistance. But they also need
the focus of the world’s press on their |
plight. What Time is doing to help

ON JAY NEWTON-SMALL’S SECOND DAY |

in the ruins of Port-au-Prince, ayoung
Haitian woman watched her as she inter- |
viewed survivors of the earthquake. “We
need help,” the woman said, “not that,”
and then pointed to Jay’s notebook and
pen. There’s no question that the Haitians |
need help, but they also need that—the
focus ofthe world’s press on their plight.
Every reporter knows that internal tug-
of-war that Jay felt, that feeling of being
caught between being an observer and an
actor in the drama you're covering. But
in the case of the tragedy of Haiti, there is
a positive correlation between whatthe |
media are doing and the desire to help:
when we shine a light on a natural disas-
ter like the earthquake in Haiti, we not
Helping Haiti
only stimulate the interest of millions of
Newton-Small,
people in helping, but we also make the
above, and
case for fixing what is broken.
Schwarz, left, are
To that end, we are publishing Earth-
both observers
quake Haiti: Tragedy and Hope, a book that
and actors in the
features our extraordinary photography
Haiti drama
of the destruction in Port-au-Prince along
with the memorable words of Nancy
Gibbs, Bryan Walsh and contributor
Amy Wilentz—whose book The Rainy
Seasonis a moving and poetic exploration | ters, and he was struck by the Haitians’ struggled with the devastation. “I don’t
of Haiti—and a short essay by President relative calm. “It was encouraging not wish this on anyone,” he says. Photogra-
Bill Clinton. We will be donating $75,000 | tosee the level of dangerous mayhem pher Timothy Fadek has worked in more
from the book’s profits to Haitian relief, | that’s marked all the other disasters I’ve | than 25 countries and has covered wars in
including $25,000 to the Clinton Bush | witnessed in this beleaguered country,” | Iraq, Lebanon and Kosovo. He too arrived
Haiti Fund. We are shining a light and he says. Padgett covered Hurricane Ka in Port-au-Prince the day after the quake,
helping at the same time. Time Warner trina, “but seeing Port-au-Prince reduced and he found the Haitian people to be
is matching employee contributions up to a gravel pit was even more shocking resolute. But then he thought of Katrina.
to $500,000 to organizations such as the than seeing New Orleans under water.” “Look at how many years it’s taken to help |
American Red Cross, International Res- Newton-Small watched a looter who'd people there, and multiply that by roo.”
cue Committee, CARE and UNICEF. been shot by police die—but she also saw Attention must be paid, and when it
Our photographers and reporters have neighbors banding together to guard each is, help follows. We are not a charitable
done an exceptional job of document- | other’s few possessions. “I’ve seen the organization; we're a journalistic one.
ing this tragedy in the magazine and on best and the worst of humanity,” Newton- But we also do not stand outside the
Time.com. And they have all been deeply Small says, and notes she is watching to problems we cover.
affected by it. Reporter Ioan Grillo has see the “best of humanity struggle to win
covered the lynching of policemen in the fight for Haiti’s soul.” STI¥I
HLI2M
Vt

Mexico and the shooting of protesters Israeli-born photographer Shaul

by Honduran soldiers. “But nothing pre- Schwarz has covered the Israeli
pared me for this,” he says. “It is ethically Palestinian conflict, but he found Haiti “3MOTH
MHOS

challenging being a journalist amid so
much pain and suffering. ‘All I can do is
get the word out,’ you say.” And he has.
Miami bureau chief Tim Padgett rode in
and out of Port-au-Prince in relief helicop-
oe i
"6
unique. He flew to the Dominican Re-
public the day after the quake and was in
Port-au-Prince that same night. Schwarz,
| who first covered Haiti in 2004, finds
the country incredibly vibrant and has Richard Stengel, MANAGING EDITOR | 2

2 TIME February 1, 2010

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 10 Questions.
author has Food Rules, out now
\ MOOK,
Michael Pollan willnow take your questions
Can you tell us what your cur-
rent diet is? If it is not vegetar-
ian, why not?
Scott Yanoff, MILWAUKEE
I still eat meat. But I eat a lot
less. Ihave enormous respect
for vegetarians, but I believe
there are ways to eat meat that
are good for you and good for
the environment.
What's your guiltiest pleasure,
and how do you rationalize it?
Kirsten Hagfors
KETCHUM, IDAHO
I like French fries, and I prob
ably shouldn't eat them very
often. I actually came up with
arule: Eat all the junk food
you want as long as you cook
it yourself. One reason we
struggle with obesity today is
that special-occasion foods like
French fries, cakes and cookies
have become so easy to obtain.
Do you think organic farming
can be done on a large scale,
bringing cost down closer to
that of nonorganic foods?
Michael Lawrence, NASHVILLE
I think organic food will come
down in price. But we need
to pay people a living wage so
they can afford to buy real food.
In the 1970s, the rise of fast food
paralleled the collapse of fam-
ily wages. In a way, cheap food
has subsidized that collapse.
We have to rebuild those two.
Can small changes in American
shopping and eating patterns
make a difference collectively?
Judith Corr
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
Without question. Look, you
get to vote with your fork
three times a day. That’s a lot
more votes you have than in
any other realm of life. Get
ting that vote right even once
a day makes a difference.
4 TIME
Lhe Um llvore’s
| produce. That is the cheapest,
| most local, most nutritious
How can consumers ensure a
strong food system for future
generations?
Brad Christian
MEMPHIS, TENN.
We need to vote with our forks
as consumers. We also need to
make our agricultural policies
support the kind of food sys-
tem we want—support farm-
ers who are growing organic
food or local food, not just big
corn and soy farmers.
Are genetically modified crops
harming our health?
Barbara Comnes, CHICAGO
The honest answer is, We don’t
know. There is a tremendous
experiment being performed
right now on humans and
the environment with these
crops, which are much less
regulated than people realize.
Vilernma
VV
You should be able to decide
if you want to eat genetically
modified food. And we're not
allowed to right now.
What can be done to end subsi-
dies for agribusiness?
Kim Graves, CATSKILL, N.Y.
I don’t agree that we need to
eliminate subsidies. Govern
ment has been supporting
| farmers in one way or another
since the Depression. There's
been intervention in agricul-
ture going back to the Old
Testament. I think we should
support our farmers, but we
should get something more
for it than cheap calories.
If you could change only one
thing about our agricultural sys-
tem, what would it be?
Scott Exo, PORTLAND, ORE.
I would bring animals back
onto farms. We have seen a
wholesale migration ofani-
mals to feedlots over the past
20 or 30 years. On a farm, their
waste feeds the crops and the
crops feed the animals—it’s
an elegant solution. When we
took animals off the farms,
we divided that solution into
two big problems.
lam a recent grad living in an
expensive city. How do you rec-
oncile food ethics and cost?
Jennifer Kincaid
SAN FRANCISCO
No question—to eat healthy
and to eat with some sense of
environmental responsibility
costs more than to eat badly. If
you have any space at all, a $70
home garden can yield $600 of |
produce you can have.
What do you think about the
| adage “It’s not the food we eat;
it's our eating habits”?
Bill Merkes |
HEALDSBURG, CALIF.
The more I’ve studied this
question, the more I realize
| it’s not just the content of our
| diet; it’s our eating life. Are we
eating alone? Are we eating at
tables? Are we snacking? All
these things may turn out to
matter a lot to our health. We
stress over food—that can’t be
good for us either. One of the
things I hope to do with this
book is help people relax a
little bit about food. a
VIDEO AT TIME.COM
To watch an
interview with
Michael Pollan
and to subscribe to the 10
Questions podcast on iTunes,
7K
yy
go to time.com/10questions
February 1, 2010
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Postcard: Yemen. 4 n unexpected
n unfo?
Global Dispatch
wedding invitation
4
1 tunately named town For more postcards

highligh ts Yer seus promise and its ch allenges.

from around the world,
visit time.com

An evening with the villagers of Al-Qaeda

BY ABIGAIL HAUSLOHNER

HE MEN WERE FIRING THEIR

T Kalashnikovs so close by that I
was certain I could hear the bullet
casings cascading down onto the roof of
the tent. A crowd of women swaddled
in black cupped their hands over their
veiled mouths to emit a wave of high
pitched ululations—a call of celebration
familiar across the Middle East. The
16-year-old bride, draped in a sparkly
white gown, henna tattoos running up
her arms, sat silent and tearful as she
prepared to meet her groom for the first
time. I hadn’t meant to spend the night in
this tiny village in a country everyone is
pointing to as the next hub ofglobal ter
rorism. But it’s not every day that you get
invited to an Al-Qaeda wedding.
To be clear, the town that bears that
name has absolutely no relation to the in
famous terrorist organization. Al-Qaeda,
which means “the base,” is named for
its position at the foot of ahigh, rugged
mountain range in western Yemen. Still,
residents joke that having Al-Qaeda in
your passport makes it impossible to get
a visa. Andina country better known as
Osama bin Laden’s ancestral homeland,
the site of the U.S.S. Cole bombing in 2000
and, most recently, the alleged training
ground for underwear bomber Umar
Farouk Abdulmutallab, the coinci
dence is lost on no one.
In early December, weeks
Saudi
before Abdulmutallab’s abor Arabia
tive attempt to blow upa
Detroit-bound airliner on
Dec. 25, the mood on a cross
country bus was friendly. At
a rest stop on the road from
the capital, Sana‘a, to the city
of Taiz, a bubbly fellow passenger
named Habiba leaned over, lifted her veil
and invited me—a stranger—to her vil
lage to attend her nephew’s wedding. Of
course, she added with a comforting pat
on the shoulder, “not that al-Qaeda.”
The celebration embodied Yemen's
strong traditions of honor and hospitality
and its emerging red flags. As a foreign
The road to Al-Qaeda The name ofthe town in rugged western Yemen means “the base” in Arabic
guest, I was given the one bed in the entire
house to sleep in. Family members young
and old slept shoulder to shoulder, huddled
in blankets on the floor. Although there
was little food to share, meat was always
heaped onto my section of the communal
plate. The ceremony was interrupted by
rolling blackouts. Like most other things
in Yemen, the guests explained, electric
service has worsened this year. Much of
the country is increasingly lawless and
desperately poor; reserves of water,
oil and cash are running dry. The
groom’s brother Bandar, who
drove me to Taiz the next day,
pointed out new roads along the
way—all built with foreign
donations. “The government
here is absent,” he said.
At weddings, as in most other
aspects oflife in this deeply conserva-
tive country, women are sequestered from
men. Inside the house of Habiba’s sister,
the women of Al-Qaeda were loud and
gregarious, donning slinky gowns and
makeup for the all-women wedding party
and passing out khat, a mildly narcotic
leaf that most of the country chews. Like
many other Yemenis, they were strongly
opposed to U.S. policy in the Middle East,
and the political commentary flowed eas
ily as they offered me perfume and sweets
and begged me to show them “Western”
| dancing when the party got going.
At one point a woman approached me,
visibly angry. Her husband is one of the
last remaining detainees in Guantanamo,
| she said. He had escorted his sister to
Afghanistan to marry an Arab fighter but
was captured in Kandahar by the Ameri
cans. Eight years later, she is waiting for
President Obama to close the prison and
return her husband. Nearly half of the
remaining detainees at Guantanamo
are Yemeni; their transfers were halted
after the failed Christmas Day bomb
ing attempt. Said Ali al-Shihri, one of
several former detainees who reportedly
returned to terrorism after their release,
is now deputy commander of al-Qaeda in
the Arabian Peninsula.
In the morning, as! prepared to leave
Al-Qaeda, the female wedding guests
showered me with hugs and kisses.
“Don’t forget me,” a 5-year-old named
Mona said. One of the groom’s brothers
offered another suggestion: “Be careful.
There are bad people out there.” B

6 TIME February 1, 2010

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Inbox
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How readers responded

FAVORABLE CRITICAL

Shedding Our DNA Chains
Kudos on your cover story on epigenetics
[Jan. 18]. As the director of mind-body
medicine for a cancer center that offers
seminars on how patients can benefit from
this emerging science, I can attest that
most have never heard ofepigenetics. Yet
everything in our environment—the way
we think and feel, our exposure to stress—
affects the way our DNA is expressed.
Once we understand this premise, we can
incorporate strategies to effect epigenetic
changes—including neurogenesis, the
growth of new nerve tissue in the brain.
Brenda Stockdale, ATLANTA
It is important to clarify for your readers
that not all those who receive a diagnosis
of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) will
die within two years ofgetting it, regard-
less of whether they take “conventional
blood medications” or azacitidine. Of the
estimated 60,000 people living with MDS
in the U.S., 75% have a lower-risk diag-
nosis, providing a much less ominous
prognosis. Research indicates that lower-
risk MDS patients under age 70 survive,
on average, four to nine years after diag-
nosis, meaning that some MDS patients
live much longer.
Richard M. Stone, Mikkael A. Sekeres,
Aplastic Anemia & MDS
International Foundation
ROCKVILLE, MD.
The work of Dr. Lars Oloy Bygren in epi-
genetics referenced in your article would
seem to nullify one of the icons of Darwin-
ian evolution, Darwin's finches. Darwin
noted that the bill length offinches
changed depending on environmental con-
ditions. Darwin explained this by natural
selection. Other scientists have noticed
that the bill lengths of those finches return
to normal when conditions return to nor-
mal. Sounds like epigenetics and not Dar-
winian evolution. Darwin skeptics tend to
agree that organisms can adapt (or evolve)
within certain boundaries, but such or-
ganisms do not evolve into new species.
Bygren’s study of epigenetics would seem
to explain this phenomenon better and
more simply than Darwinian evolution.
Yemen: The New New
| Frontier
Instead of sending tens of millions of dol-
lars to Yemen for military purposes, the
U.S. should be spending funds to eliminate
illiteracy and poverty [Jan. 18]. Building
schools with qualified teachers and medi-
cal clinics in every village would truly help
the people of Yemen.
Robert Read Sr., HICKORY, N.C.
| Now Yemen is the U.S.’s “most fragile ally.”
| But our country does a good job on its own
| of keeping terrorists busy there and all
around the world. We invade countries
to spread our form of government, then
we fail to comprehend their ancient tribal
systems, theirreligioussystemsandtheir
views about marriage and family struc
ture. The rise of terrorist activity over the
| past decade should at last lead us to look
more carefully at ourselves, not the people
| chewing khat in Yemen.
Tom Edgar, Boise, IDAHO
| Bag
‘It’s time the Fed
took its meddling
hand off the housing
market. Obama’s
relief program
just reinflates the
housing bubble.’
Daan Pan, CHINO HILLS, CALIF.,
responding to “Postcard: Inland Empire”
in the Jan. 18 issue
I’m Rubber, You’re Glue—
Now Call Me an Idiot
DISSENT lam one of the antireform lib-
OF THE erals Joe Klein disparages in
WEEK
“Village Idiots” (Jan. 11]. While
the value of the health care reform bill is
debatable—3o million people may get cov
| erage that may or may not be worthwhile—
Ican’t understand why anyone would not
be outraged that the government is forcing
them to buy private insurance from an
industry that routinely pays CEOs seven
figures while denying sick, dying people
coverage. How is that not outrageous?
Ezra Abrams, NEWTON,MASS.
Klein apparently spends too much time
| tweeting with people just like him. To call
those of us who voted for change in the
past election “village idiots” because we
| think the Democrats’ health care plan isa
sellout destined to be a fiasco shows how
far removed he is from working America.
Philip Brimble, LoS ANGELES
Klein needs to get out more. The failure to
preserve the public option is an affront not
to the left but to the base. Progressives are
not demanding that everything be thrown
out. Keep the regulations and break up
insurance monopolies. Move the financial
aspects ofthe bill to reconciliation, and
institute Medicare for all with a 51-vote
majority. That is a rational response.
Virginia Velez, BAINBRIDGE ISLAND, WASH.
Mandating that Americans buy from
profiteers in the insurance industry is not
| “landmark” governance. Itis the outsourc-
ing of responsibilities that government
should retain and consolidate.
Anthony Noel, GREENVILLE, N.C.
Hands Off the
Housing Market!
“Postcard: Inland Empire,” with its tale of
qualified, would-be homeowners getting
outbid at every turn by developers, carries
vrevac
a message that should be heeded by Wash-
ington [Jan. 18]. Bad economic choices TuYHO
si
and unexpected economic reversals are
inevitable for any nation. Though painful
for those involved, market forces will even- M¥dYE

Timothy Cox, PALM BEACH GARDENS, FLA. | tually clean up these disasters and restore

TIME February 1, 2010

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sate The MIND YOUR MANNERS! STEP OFF!

GAP Teen Employers will hire a senior before a teenager because they know seniors | graduated from
Job Chop,” which will be polite, respectful, prompt, dependable, engaging with clients or college in 2008
examined the effect with a degree in
patrons and willing to do what is asked of them.
the economy has communication,
Toni Beacham, W1LLIAMSBURG, VA. got a job and was
had on teenage
employment, discouraged to find
inspired a flurry Today’s younger workers are more interested in getting home to their web- that my earnings

|
of impassioned sites than working extra hours—even for pay. were above the
| comments, many Christopher Timm, ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. national poverty line
from a struggling by a mere $170.
_ older generation Anentry position at my firm has gone unfilled for months because young It's my parents’
with little sympathy and grandparents’
people applying did not turn up for interview requests, attended inter-
for Junior's work generations that
views inappropriately dressed or offered résumés full of spelling and gram-
woes. A sampling irresponsibly spent
mar mistakes and text spelling. I might be old-fashioned, but it’s people
from both sides of beyond their means
like me who are still doing the hiring. | and got us into this
the gap:
Paul Rowney, SARASOTA, FLA. economic mess. Do
you know what | say
Teens bring little or nothing to the table but a misguided sense ofentitle- to them? You had
ment, minimal skills and a poor work ethic. your chance, and
Rick Clark, BREA, CALIF. you blew it, so either
step aside or make
some room.
Why weren't the parents of the young man who dreams of building a sky-
Jason Boeckman
scraper insisting that he stay in school rather than quit in the ninth grade?
Cincinnati, Ohio
Susan Simpson, ORANGE CITY, FLA. =

stability—if allowed to do so. Attempts
to create a utopian society and protect
citizens from this pain will only defer the
inevitable and possibly make the eventual
correction catastrophic for all.
CarlH.Strom, FORT MYERS, FLA.
The Atrocity of
Human Trafficking
Thank you for “The New Slave Trade”
{Jan. 18]. The tragedy of human trafficking
and enslavement still needs much more
coverage, and it’s encouraging to see itina
prominent publication like Time. I was sor-
ry to see, however, that human trafficking
_ in the U.S. was not mentioned. There have
been cases of trafficking and slavery report-
ed in all 50 states and D.C, and Kevin Bales,
founder of Free the Slaves, estimates the
number of modern-day slaves in the U.S. to
be between 40,000 and 50,000. Leaving out
| this information allows readers to assume
that it is a problem only in a faraway place.
Elizabeth Tromans, HAMILTON, OHIO
Asa former prostitute, I found E. Benjamin
Skinner’s descriptions of the young traf-
ficked girls in South Africa excruciatingly
painful. I felt their rapes in my memory, in
my own vulnerable body. Skinner writes
about the difficulty of healing after eman-
cipation. But the depth of harm done to
these young girls is beyond suffering, and
I’m not sure there ever is “emancipation.”
After they are rescued, what life is there for
these girls? Can they ever really recover?
Suki Falconberg, SAN FRANCISCO
Thank you for Sindiswa’s story, which was
heartbreaking and sickening. It is so pain-
ful to read—and yet so important that we
never forget her and thousands like her.
Jessica Kane, WENHAM, MASS.
Perhaps South Africa should once again be
the object of celebrity condemnation. If the
world soccer federation, for example, re-
fused to participate in games there, maybe
the government would take meaningful
action against this despicable practice.
Pamela Withrow, EDMOND, OKLA.
And in TIME’s Defense ...
I would like to respond to the Inbox mes-
sages that criticized Time for naming
Ben Bernanke Person of the Year for 2009
| [Jan. 18]. From those comments, I can
| understand why those readers did not
want him to be chosen. But according to
the criteria set forth by Time, the Person
of the Year is the one who “most affected
the news and our lives... for better or for
worse.” For the purpose of this topic, the
key phrase is “for better or for worse.” To
them, Bernanke was influential for the
worse. To others, for the better.
Jeff Dodge, FERNDALE, WASH.
Love the SpongeBob PJs!
Re Joel Stein’s “Call Me!” [Jan. 18}: [have
noticed that the younger generation prefers
indirect, nonverbal, present-yet-absent
contact. As for me, Skype me! Nothing is
sweeter if you live away from family. Ican
listen to my grandchildren read and can see
them smile with three teeth missing, dance
and joke. [can hear about their latest adven-
tures while seeing the expressions of joy and
wonder on their faces. Maybe when a robot
can kiss your boo-boo, wipe away the tears
and give youa big hug to make everything
all better, younger people will discover that
anactual human's touch is priceless.
Marie Glenn, MADRAS, ORE.

WRITE Sendan e-mail: Senda letter: TIME Magazine Letters, Time & Life Building,
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| TIME February 1, 2010

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PAGE 18

THE WORLD 0 SPOTLIGHT O VERBATIM 0 HISTORY 1 MILESTONES

The Moment
‘ FAITH, HOPE AND CHARITY ALL SOMEHOW SURVIVED
I 1 7|KO Port-au-Prince the first days of Haiti’s agony. But dignity was among
the first to die. There was no time or means to keep
it alive once the Haitian capital was turned inside out by a 7.0-magnitude earthquake, the living
tossed from their homes to commune with the dead in the streets. In the days following the quake,
corpses had to be collected in wheelbarrows and shopping carts; at the city’s Grand Cimetiere, with
its elegant tombs, chickens pecked at bodies stacked along the central path, left by families who
couldn't afford a burial. Other remains were loaded by bulldozer into dump trucks and hauled
away to mass burials in the cursed swamplands outside the city. Everywhere were funeral pyres,
fueled by wood crates or old tires, set alight by people who had given up hope that the government
would come to clear the corpses. Passersby, hit by the heat and stench, broke into a run; some
images just burn too deep. —BY NANCY GIBBS
TIME February 1, 2010 Photograph for TIME by Timothy Fadek 1]
 Briefing

The World
5 |Chile
The Right’s
Resurgence
Billionaire Sebastian
Pifiera won Chile's
election on Jan. 17,
making him the
first conservative
elected President
in more than half
a century. Pinera
Defense Secretary Robert Gates, left, and edged out Eduardo
Admiral Mike Mullen at a safety briefing Jan. 15 Frei, the center-left
former President,
2| Haiti 3 |Washington who was backed
by the widely
Aftershocks The Road to Fort Hood popular outgoing
Imperil Relief A Pentagon analysis of the shooting ram President, Michelle
Efforts page that left 13 people dead at the Army Bachelet. Pinera
base at Fort Hood, Texas, in November won almost 52% of
It was the last the vote, breaking
concluded that the military was ill
thing Haiti needed. the center left’s
equipped to identify threats within its
A 6.1-magnitude hold on the office,
aftershock struck
ranks. The report recommended that
which began after
the country shortly several officers be investigated for lax
Augusto Pinochet's
after 6 a.m. on supervision of Major Nidal Malik Hasan, brutal dictatorship
Jan. 20, barely the Army psychiatrist accused of the mur ended in 1990.
An Afghan soldier in Kabul, where insurgents a week after the ders, who was allowed to serve despite Analysts attributed
carried out a large-scale attack on Jan. 18 capital Port-au- unease about his behavior. the result to Frei's
Prince was flattened lackluster campaign
1| Kabul by a massive and Pifiera’s ability
earthquake that 4| Washington
Hitting Close to Karzai’s Home killed as many
to separate himself
from the legacy of
In one of the boldest attacks on the as 200,000 and _ The FBI’s Photoshop Mishap Pinochet's rule.
left 1.5 million
Afghan capital since Hamid Karzai If Spanish politician Gaspar Llamazares
homeless. Aid
became President, insurgents laid siege to looks familiar, that’s probably because
groups fear that the
several areas of Kabul on Jan. 18. Suicide tremor—the worst his image recently appeared on the FBI's
bombers blew themselves up near Karzai’s of the dozens of list of most-wanted terrorists—next to
palace and the Education Ministry, while aftershocks that Osama bin Laden’s name. In an effort
another three of the seven perpetrators have hit Haiti since to depict how the elusive al-Qaeda
took over a shopping complex across from the quake—could leader, now 52, may have aged over the
the Justice Ministry. All the attackers hinder the delivery past decade, an FBI forensic artist took
were killed, as were two civilians and of food and water.
a photo of Llamazares from the Internet
About 4,000
three members of the Afghan security and merged it with bin Laden’s features.
additional U.S.
forces. At least 70 people were wounded. The bureau has apologized to Llamazares
troops have been
The incident—a reminder of the Taliban’s and removed the picture from its website.
pledged to Haiti
ability to strike at the shaky Afghan to help deliver aid,
government—came as Kabul mulled a bringing the total Have you
program aimed at persuading insurgents to 15,000. seen this
to renounce violence in exchange for (digitally
altered) ; i
economic incentives, amnesty and Taliban
man? 4 r »
representation on a proposed Grand
Peace Council. OSAMA FBI GASPAR
BINLADEN COMPOSITE LLAMAZARES

Numbers: 47%
Percentage of Muslim Americans who think O Percentage of U.S. wives who
of themselves as Muslims first; 28% say > ) Ye earned more than their husbands
they consider themselves Americans first O in 2007, up from 4% in 1970

ETTY: 4: AP (3); Ss MARTIN

 Briefing

10| California
The Couch-Potato Generation
A Kaiser Family Foundation study found
that U.S. kids ages 8 to 18 are consuming
more media than ever before. According
to the survey, children and teens are now
using their phones, computers, TVs and
video-game systems for a total of 7.5 hours
a day, or 52.5 hours a week. (The authors
explain that multitasking and dual
use devices—like cell phones that play
video—push those figures even higher.)
In the past decade, music listening has
increased the most, up nearly an hour
per day. The only leisure activity that has
6 |Ukraine become less popular is reading.
A COUNTRY LOOKS EAST Whoever leads Ukraine next, it won't be pro-Western President
Daily media consumption for U.S. kids
Viktor Yushchenko, who placed fifth in the nation’s Jan. 17 elections. Since coming to power
in 2005, Yushchenko has clashed with Russia and angered Ukrainians byfailing to make good on (eee SG Watching TV:

his promises ofeconomic reform. Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko and her predecessor Viktor aaS88 270 min.
Seaen
Yanukovych both seen as more Moscow-friendly were the top vote getters, prompting Russia Seeae rae Listening to music:

to unfreeze ties with the former Soviet republic. The two will face each otherin a Feb. 7 runoff. SEaEEE 151 min.
Se8E8 (¢ Talking on cell phones:
Seaeaa8 33 min
Seaeae8 :
7|Washington 8 | Britain 9 |Iraq Sean 8 Playing video games:
2ae8828 ~ 73min.
Someone Is A Candy Revolution Candidates aanen Tt @
“rr Text messaging:
bo
Listening Disqualified
U.S. food giant Kraft has reached an “Tr sa 90 min.
A forthcoming agreement to buy 186-year-old British An election com- Saen8 & Nonschool computer use:
Justice Department confectioner Cadbury for $19.5 billion, mission barred some @=r10min. 89 min.
report is expected ending months of resistance and rejected 500 candidates from
to conclude that Iraq's parliamentary
offers. But the takeover has left a bad taste
the FBI invoked elections in March,
for British citizens upset at the sale ofa
nonexistent terror- acting on a list
ism emergencies to
national icon—and for Kraft shareholder compiled by another
* |What They’re
illegally obtain more
Warren Buffett, who criticized the panel that cited Claimingin Argentina:
than 2,000 U.S. purchase. If finalized, the deal will make alleged ties to the
It’s the fight that Argentina just won't give
telephone records, Kraft the largest player in the global candy outlawed Baath
up. Though it relinquished the Falklands
according to the market, displacing Mars. Party once led by
when it surrendered to the British to end a
Washington Post. Saddam Hussein.
9% 1982 war, Argentina has consistently
FBI general counsel The move threatened
mr Share of the asserted sovereignty over the South Atlantic
Valerie Caproni to spark sectarian
confectionery archipelago. In December, the Argentine
called the bureau's strife by angering
“i market, 2008 Congress passed a law that recognized the
methods, which members of the
disputed territory as part of its Tierra del
included issuing 9 country’s Sunni
Fuego province. On Jan. 18 the British
approvals after the minority, who
government rejected the gambit, saying
fact and persuading 6 claimed they would
there is “no doubt” that Britain remains the
phone companies be disproportionately
, x islands’ rightful owner. Recent indications
to release records, affected and saw the
that there could be oil reserves surrounding
“good-hearted ruling as an attempt
Ei] the territory may have sparked the
but not well 0 to curtail their
Mars, Cadbury Nestle The Kraft attempted landgrab.
thought out.” participation.
Inc, PLC SA Hershey Foods
Co. Inc.

$2.5 53
Amount of money Afghans paid in bribes— Number of bottles of Tylenol, Motrin and
typically to police, judges and politicians— Rolaids recalled by Johnson & Johnson after
BILLION in 2009, according to the U.N. MILLION an odor reportedly sickened some 70 people
 Briefing —

Spotlight
Haiti Earthquake Relief

this: With electricity spotty and mobile-

Anation in need FTER THE QUAKE CAME THE FLOOD. IN THE
U.S. soldiers deliver A wake of the 7.0-magnitude temblorthatrocked
water to earthquake Haiti on Jan. 12, killing as many as 200,000
survivors in Haiti people, a deluge of donations poured in from around
the world—more than $200 million in the first week. as
Relief groups have pledged to see that Haitians get as much of
that aid as possible, often slashing the administrative coststhat
can account for up to 35% ofadonation.
What happens to that money next depends in part on how
it was given. Mobile phones have been a popular way to give—
donors texted more than $24 million to the American RedCross __ spaces for children; the Red Cross leads
in the first week—but they’re not the speediest. The donation
generally isn’t processed until the giver pays his or her phone
bill, which means it can take up to go days for the charity tosee | dolesouthousehold goodsand prevents
a penny. (Phone companies have agreed to expedite the process.) _violence against women. “It’s a well-oiled
Contributions made with a credit card, in most cases, are deliv
ered to aid agencies’ coffers immediately.
Once the money arrives in Haiti, choices about howtospendit
are made largely by staff on the ground. There area few reasons for
phone networks down in the first few days,
communication with headquarters has
been difficult. And some relief groups have
been active in Haiti for decades. Aid work-
ers who were there when the quake struck
have suffered alongside those they’re
helping—UNICEF workers saw their
headquarters destroyed, and World Vision
personnel are operating out of a parking
lot—and also understand local customs
and have relationships with local partners.
As in disasters past, these workers will
share that knowledge with more-recent ar
rivals in talks brokered by the U.N. among
NGOs, the Haitian government and donor
countries. The groups face close scrutiny:
officials at the Red Cross, for instance—
which drew criticism for shoddy planning
and poor management ofthe §2 billion
in donations it received after Hurricane
Katrina—have said transparency and ac-
countability are top priorities.
4677 In the immediate aftermath of
“94 = the earthquake, rescuers focused
imber ov reseue on finding survivors as quickly
4g _ aS possible. Humanitarian opera
tions were mobilized within 24
hours, but it could take up to two weeks
to get those efforts up to full speed. Aid
groups are already settling into the
niches they occupied in past disasters:
UNICEF provides clean water and safe
the charge on emergency medical care;
the International Rescue Committee
|
|
machine,” says Edward Brown, World
Vision’s relief director in the U.S. “We've
done this before. We'll have to do it \3
again.” —BY LAURA FITZPATRICK

ENDING AID Private donations to Haiti from around the world are on track “You will not be forsaken.
to surpass the record set after Hurricane Katrina, but there is a ways to go You will not be forgotten.”
w20Wd
AML

President Obama, in an

address at the White

House on Jan. 14 in ]
which he pledged |
$100 million in
U.S. aid to Haiti

Haiti, 2010 Burma, Cyclone

(as of Jan, 19) Nargis, 2008
$234 million $617 million

Gulf Coast hurricanes indian Ocean South Asia Sichuan, China,

(Katrina, Rita, Wilma), 2005 tsunami, 2004 earthquake, 2005 earthquake, 2008
$6.5 billion $6.3 billion $1.2 billion $303 million SIUVI
HOS
“INIL
SNOO
JWIL
SIGN
WOd

14 TIME February 1, 2010

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 Briefing

Verbatim
For daily sound bites,
visit time.com/quotes

‘This Senate seat belongs to no one TALKING HEADS

person, to no political party. This is Holman W. Jenkins Jr.

the people’s seat.’ | Writing about banker bonuses in the
Wall Street Journal:
SCOTT BROWN, Republican U.S. Senator-elect,after defeating
Democratic candidate Martha Coakley in Massachusetts to win “Taxpayers (a.k.a. voters)
the seat long held by Ted Kennedy were acting in their own
interests in bailing out the
system. They weren't doing
‘It’s like asking us to go naked.’ anybody a favor. Furthermore,
government already stands to
OUMEIMA NACERI, a 19-year-old Muslim, ona French
collect about 50% of any Wall
proposal that would bar women from wearing full-body,
Street cash bonuses in the
face-covering robes in public
form of income tax ... None of
this means Americans don’t
have an ancient and abiding
“We can’t get this halfway right or three- interest in subjecting bankers
quarters of the way right.’ to scorn. A rough socialism is
fundamental to civilization:
ARTHUR SULZBERGER JR., New York Times chairman and
The most beautiful virgin must
publisher, announcing that the newspaper will begin charging
be sacrificed to make the other
for frequent use of its website in 2011
virgins feel better.” —1/12/r0

Roger Cohen
‘Lam the Christ eternal.’ Assessing China’s censorship policies
MEHMET ALI AGCA, inastatement, on being freed in the New York Times:
from a Turkish prison almost three decades after he shot “Beijing resists the very
and wounded Pope John Paul II openness on which it depends.
Openness for China is a means
to an end—prosperity and
‘The nearest I have come to it is going development—but nota value.
home and finding I don’t have my This is the Chinese paradox
Google now appears bent on
door key, challenging. Google is right
VIVIENNE WESTWOOD, fashion designer, on homelessness, to doso... Like the man who
the theme of her new menswear line taps phones fora living and
comes to believe phone tappers
are everywhere, [China] has iz
‘It’s the sign of a leader to step in elevated suspicion to an
|

obsession.” —1/14/10
when something’s not working, have
Reihan Salam
the guts to reverse it and not let the Writing about the Taliban offensive
mistake linger, in Afghanistan on the Daily Beast:
JEFF ZUCKER, CEO of NBC, on the network's decision to “In a sense, what we're seeing
cancel The Jay Leno Show and allow Leno to reclaim The Tonight is the Taliban’s answer to
Show from Conan O’Brien the Tet Offensive, when the
Viet Cong and North Vietnam
launched a coordinated attack
‘Iam perfect. I have all the attributes on all of South Vietnam's
administrative centers ... The ‘ALI30
Livn
d¥—ST

a woman wants.’ communist forces achieved

GOEL RATZON, an Israeli polygamist who was arrested Jan. 14 their central goal of weakening
on suspicion of enslavement, sexual abuse and rape. Ratzon, the resolve of their opponents
who issued the statement during the filming ofa2009 and demonstrating that
documentary, lives with at least 17 women and has reputedly they would not simply melt ISSOA
/d3¥—U
3D

fathered as many as 89 children away.” —1/19/10

ces: Fox News; AP; New York Times; Independent; London Times; PBS; New York Times TIME February 1, 2010 |
Fraud is in the details
“Good auditors detect fraud the way good doctors diagnose disease, by putting
all the little clues together.” —Jean Bedard, PhO, Timothy B. Harbert Prof
In many ways, confidence in our financial system rests firmly on the shoulders of auditing
professionals. With demand for more corporate accountability, we require auditors to be
ethical, independent and sharp. So how does a good auditor think? Bentley Professor
Jean Bedard studies auditor decision making and she has a theory

Why is it so hard to detect corporate fraud? Put mpar

One of your studies compared auditing to medical diagnosis. What were the
parallels? -in the medical case study, the patient was giving his doctors misinforn
2er them away from the actual problem. This mimicked the situation the auditor t

So how does a good auditor think? A good auditor will see the patterr
f inforn <i } t2 { [ f

ent he Cc | fra F ( }

( OIG DE { i ¢ } i t }

Can this kind of thinking be promoted?

requirement in auditing standards is a formal “fraud brair
f tly on, the audit team is required t aT I

yht suaqgest fraud, and discuss how they will deal with tk

Are you concerned about audit quality in this country? We

1 all be concerned that the highest standards of intearit

7;
IDI arere ar
dpf ed ld at every
very levelvel, fram tt f rr {
+{C ] [

To learn more about education, research and accountable leadership development

at Bentley University, please visit our website.

©2010 Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts

 Briefing

Brief History
i
THE SKIMMER

The World Economic Forum

& JOSEPHE. STU?
weaned (WsBee POT

REEFLl
Freefall: America, Free
Markets, and the Sinking
of the World Economy
By Joseph E. Stiglitz
W.W. Norton & Co.; 361 pages

BANKERS ARE BORN NO

HE ALPINE SKI TOWN OF DAVOS HAS JUST ENTERED ITS Amilestone meeting South
r peak season. Every January, hordes of executives, world African President F.W. de
leaders, journalists and intellectuals descend on the Klerk and Nelson Mandela
Swiss village to ski and socialize as part of the annual meeting meet in Davos in 1992
of the World Economic Forum (WEF). The five-day gathering
is intended to provide a platform for debating pressing global DECADES OF DAVOS
challenges. This year’s agenda will include international ef 1850s German doctor
forts to recover from the Great Recession. Alexander Spengler popularizes
Fora ritzy confab that attracts everyone from Bono to Bill Davos’ alpine air as a curative
Clinton, the WEF got off to a humble start. In January 1971, Klaus for tuberculosis patients
Schwab, then a professor at the University of Geneva, chaired a 1971 Klaus Schwab holds his
meeting of European businessmen to discuss how their firms first Davos business conference
could compete with their U.S. counterparts. The group met in
1994 At
Davos, whose tuberculosis sanatoriums—now largely converted Davos, Shimon
to hotels—were the setting of Thomas Mann’s 1924 novel, The Peres and
Magic Mountain. The meetings started off private and business Yasser Arafat
focused but expanded in scope and membership as political and reach a draft
greedier than the rest of us.
That assertion alone makes
Joseph Stiglitz’s compre-
hensive postmortem stand
out from the reams of books
published so far about the
financial crisis. Instead of
attacking individuals, the
Nobel Prize-winning econ
omist faults the system that
delivered us to the brink,
citing the effects of every-
thing from deregulation to
the misaligned incentives
of people selling financial
products. But Stiglitz has
his sights on a larger prob
lem as well. For too long,
he argues, economists and
policymakers have relied
on the erroneous assump-
tions that markets are fun-
damentally efficient and
material wealth is the best
measure of an economy’s
health. “The model of 19th
century capitalism doesn't
apply in the 21st,” he writes.
| What we need now is “a
new vision”—one that c

social issues joined the agenda. In 1987 the group was rebranded agreement on
as the World Economic Forum, and conflict resolution was add- Gaza and Jericho
ed to its remit: it hosted a summit in 1988 that headed off war be- 2000 Bill Clinton attends, the
tween Turkey and Greece and in 1992 the first sit-down between first U.S. Presidenttodoso
South African President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela. 2002 After the 9/11 terrorist
All the schmoozing and schussing have made Davos a popu- attacks, the conference is
lar target for antiglobalization activists. Police and protesters moved to New York City
clashed in its snowy streets in the 1990s, while critic Samuel Hun 2010 The WEF's
tington famously coined the pejorative term “Davos man” for 40th meeting is
what he saw as a whole species of aloof internationalist élites. For expected to
Mann's part, years after The Magic Mountain, he noted the peculiar draw 2,500
effect Davos had on its sanatorium patients: The “narrowness of attendees
recognizes innovation
as the true engine of
economic growth and
~ views government as a
facilitator, not a roadblock.
The crisis has given us an
opportunity to rethink
our economic order, says
Stiglitz. The biggest danger
is that we don’t seize it.
—BY BARBARA KIVIAT

this charmed circle of isolation” created a “sort of substitute exis- READ v

tence.” Yet in Davos, he wrote, one reveled in “the hermetic, fever SKIM
ish atmosphere of the enchanted mountain.” —ByY ALYSSA FETINI Toss
18 TIME February 1, 2010

Milestones
Robert B. Parker
THE PRIVATE-EYE NOVEL IS
the quintessential form of the
American mystery story, and
for the past 36 years its great
est practitioner was Robert B.
Parker, who died on Jan. 18
at 77. In the genre's lineage of
hard-boiled icons, the baton
passed from Dashiell Ham
mett to Raymond Chandler to
Teddy Pendergrass
LIKE SAM COOKE, JACKIE
Wilson, Otis Redding and
Marvin Gaye, Teddy Pender
grass was among the greatest
male soul singers of the 20th
century. We first noticed
Teddy’s talent while we were
rehearsing Harold Melvin and
the Blue Notes. One day in the
early 1970s, Teddy, the group’s
drummer, was asked to sing,
TIME February 1, 2010
Briefing
Ross Macdonald and finally to
Parker, whose mononymous
detective, Spenser, long ago
entered the pantheon inhab
ited by Sam Spade, Philip
Marlowe and Lew Archer.
Although Parker’s body of
work included books featur
ing other protagonists, it is
Spenser who will endure and
whose adventures will be read
in the next century.
Smart-alecky, funny, fear
less, loyal and honorable,
Spenser was so like his creator
that the words poured out of
Parker’s fertile brain at an as-
tounding rate. Beginning with
The Godwulf Manuscript in
1974, Parker wrote prolifically;
in recent years he published at
least three books annually but
penned more, an output
that ensures avid read- Robert
ers will have new mate- Parker
rial to devour. Parker
Hundred-Dollar
once said that while he
tried to write slower,
the books didn’t get any
and this great, powerful voice
came out of this tall, thin guy.
He had one of the most flex
ible voices we had ever heard.
Despite the group’s string
of successes, we made the
easy choice to launch Teddy’s
solo career. With hits like
“Close the Door,” “Turn Off
the Lights” and “I Don’t Love
You Anymore,” he skyrocket-
ed to superstardom, earning
better. He thought and spoke Dennis Stock
the way he wrote; his voice In 1951, when he was
was Spenser's, and it was im an assistant to pioneer-
possible not to be entertained ing strobe photographer
by both of them. Gjon Mili, Dennis Stock
Despite being a writer of won LIFE magazine's
tough-guy books, Parker was competition for young
as mushy asa Frank Capra photographers. Stock
was 23. Thanks to
movie when he spoke of his
talent, persistence and
wife Joan, the great love of his
an eye for irony, he
life. The pair met when they climbed the ladder of
were 3, came to know each the profession. Dennis
other well in college and were hung around the
married for 54 years. He spoke cooperative agency
of her as ifstill in the first Magnum until founder
thrall of romance, and dedi Robert Capa invited him
cated to her almost every one to join, and he was still
an active member when
of his 60-plus books. Once,
during a rough patch, they
he died on Jan. 11 at
81. His most
separated for a short while.
memorable photo story
He was miserable. “I learned was on actor James
that I could live without Dean, with whom he
Joan,” he told me, “but traveled across the
B. I didn’t want to.” country—at one point,
—BY OTTO PENZLER Dean decided to pose
in an open coffin at a
Baby funeral parlor—just
Penzler is the proprietor of
months before Dean
the Mysterious Bookshop
died in a car accident.
in New York City
Stock’s greatest work
was his 1960 book
Jazz Street. When
five Grammy nominations Dennis died, | found
for Best Male R&B Vocal a long-forgotten
Performance and pioneering dedication in my copy:
concerts for women-only au “For John: There is so
diences in the process. much in the future to
be explored by us. So
Teddy, who died Jan. 13
much to be contributed
at 59, came from a spiritual
to our tired field.”
family in North Philadelphia,
Amen, Dennis.
and after a tragic automobile —BY JOHN G. MORRIS
accident in 1982 left him
paralyzed from the chest Morris is the former
down, the faith he'd inherited executive editor of
from his mother Ida helped Magnum Photos. He
sustain him. Despite his own has also served as
injuries, Teddy dedicated picture editor of the
the rest of his life to helping New York Times
others with spinal-cord
trauma. He was our best
friend, a great humanitarian
and a tremendous musical
force. His legacy will live on.
—BY KENNETH GAMBLE AND
LEON HUFF
Gamble and Huff founded
Philadelphia International
Records
19
ll
Fox
Justin
Statistophobia. We are besieged by a
blizzard of often contradictory economic
data. Is there any escape? Probably not
THE MONTH OF JANUARY OFFERED THOSE
who track the ups and downs of the U.S.
economy 92 significant data releases
and announcements to digest. That’s
according to a calendar compiled by
the investment bank UBS. The number
doesn’t include corporate earnings, data
from abroad or informal indicators like,
say, cardboard prices (a favorite of Alan
Greenspan's back in the day).
It was not always thus. “One reads
with dismay of Presidents Hoover and
then Roosevelt designing policies to
combat the Great Depression of the 1930s
on the basis of such sketchy data as stock
price indices, freight car loadings, and
incomplete indices of industrial produc-
tion,” writes the University of North
Carolina’s Richard Froyen in his macro-
economics textbook.
But that was then. The Depression
inspired the creation of new measures
like gross domestic product. (It was gross
national product back in those days, but
the basic idea is the same.) Wartime plan-
ning needs and advances in statistical
techniques led to another big round of
data improvements in the 1940s. And in
recent decades, private firms and associa-
tions aiming to serve the investment
community have added lots of reports
and indexes of their own.
Taken as a whole, this profusion of
data surely has increased our under-
standing of the economy and its ebb and
flow. It doesn’t seem to have made us any
better at predicting the future, though;
perhaps that would be too much to ask.
The profusion of data
surely has increased
our understanding of
the economy. It doesn’t
seem to have made us
any better at predicting
the future, though
20
The Curious Capitalist _
| But what is troubling at a time like this,
with the economy on everyone’s mind, is
how misleading many economic indica-
tors can be about the present.
Consider GDP. In October, the Com-
merce Department announced—to
rejoicing in the media, on Wall Street and
in the White House—that the economy
had grown at a 3.5% annual pace in the
third quarter. By late December, GDP had
been revised downward to a less impres-
sive 2.2%, and revisions to come could
ratchet it down even more (or revise it
back up). The first fourth-quarter GDP
estimate comes out Jan. 29. Some are say-
ing it could top 5%. If it does, should we
| really believe it?
Or take jobs. In early December, the
Labor Department’s monthly report sur-
prised on the upside—and brought lots
of upbeat headlines—with employers re-
porting only 11,000 jobs lost and the un-
employment rate dropping from 10.2%
to 10%. A month later, the surprise was
in the other direction—unemployment
| had held steady, but employers reported
85,000 fewer jobs. Suddenly the headlines
were downbeat, and pundits were pon-
tificating about the political implications
of astalled labor market. Chances are, the
disparity between the two reports was
Extra Money
To read Justin Fox's daily
take on business and the
economy, go to time.com/
curiouscapitalist
| mostly statistical noise. Those who read
| great meaning into either were deceiving
themselves. It’s a classic case of informa-
tion overload making it harder to see the
trends and patterns that matter. In other
words, we might be better off paying less
| (orat least less frequent) attention to data. |
With that in mind, | asked a few of my
favorite economic forecasters to name
an indicator or two that I could afford
to start ignoring. Three said they dis-
regarded the index ofleading indicators,
originally devised at the Commerce
Department but now compiled by the
Conference Board, a business group. Fore-
casters want new hard data, and the
index “consists entirely of already
released information and the Con-
ference Board’s forecasts,” says Jan
Hatzius of Goldman Sachs. (The
leading-indicators index topped
a similar survey by the Chicago
Tribune in 2005, it turns out.) The
monthly employment estimate put
out by payroll-service firm ADP got
two demerits, mainly because it
doesn’t do a great job of predicting
the Labor Department employment
numbers that are released two days
later. And consumer-sentiment
indexes, which offer the tantalizing
prospect of predicting future spend-
ing patterns but often function
more like an echo chamber, got the
thumbs-down from two more forecasters.
The thing is, I already ignore all these
(relatively minor) indicators. I had been
hoping to learn I could skip GDP or the
employment report. I should have known
that professional forecasters wouldn't
forgo real data. As Mark Zandi of Moody’s
Economy.com put it in an e-mail, “I cher-
ish all economic indicators.”
Most of us aren’t professional fore-
casters. What should we make ofthe
cacophony of monthly and weekly data?
The obvious advice is to focus on trends
| and ignore the noise. But the most im-
portant economic moments come when
trends reverse—when what appears to
be noise is really a sign that the world
has changed. Which is why, in these un-
certain times, we jump whenever a new "NOLL
TIIVs
ABHYH
economic number comes out. Even one
that will be revised in a month. a WL
HOS
TIME February 1, 2010
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 ink we’ve
doi 1ea‘pretty
id job of
°orking iin this
‘town without
being completely
consumed by it.’
Photographs for TIME by Callie Shell
 Tough reviews
The President scans
the headlines on his
way back to the White
Houseon Jan. 19
 In the Arena

¥ Klei
Starting Over.
One year in,
Obama’s
Zenda Is on
te support.
Nhat he must
lo to revive it

“LOOK,” THE PRESIDENT SAID. “EVEN IF

we hadn’t tackled health care, this was
going to be a tough year.” We were in the
Oval Office, talking about how health care
reform had become such a mess. It was the
Friday before his first anniversary in of-
fice, the Friday before a Republican named
Scott Brown demolished the assumptions
of Barack Obama’s presidency by winning
Ted Kennedy’s Senate seat and ending the
Democrats’ filibuster-proof dominance. It
was a Friday when the President’s decision
to go allin on health care was beginning
to seem like a disastrous gamble.
[asked Obama how he thought his
Administration was perceived by some-
one in the Boston suburbs who had
supported him a year ago, looking for
“change”—and nowsaw the President
making deals with everyone from Joe
Lieberman to the labor unions to Senator
Ben Nelson of Nebraska (whose special
Medicaid deal was a public embarrass-
ment) to the pro-life forces, not to men-
tion the drug and insurance companies.
“When I promised change, I didn’t prom
ise that somehow members of Congress
weren't going to be looking to try to geta
project in their district or help a hospital
in their neighborhood,” the President said

24
Money talks Obama listens to
Lawrence Summers, director
of the White House’s National
Economic Council, during a
briefing on the economy in the
Roosevelt Room on Jan. 19

+7
 In the Arena

halfheartedly. But later he acknowledged,

“There’s a culture in this town, which is
an insider culture. That’s what I think
people outside of Washington legitimately
can’t stand—a sense that they’re not being
heard. I think we've done actually a pretty
good job of working in this town without
being completely consumed by it. But
from the outside, if you’re just watching
TV, and all you're hearing about is the re-
ports, people may get the false impression
that somehow [the insiders] are the folks
we're spending more time listening to.”
But how false an impression is it? The
President insisted, lamely, that he spends
plenty of time hearing from average
Americans. But he seemed to spend as
much time overseas during his first year
as he did traveling the country, experienc-
ing the economic anguish firsthand. And
he seems to have fallen headlong into the
Long day Obama in a meeting
muck and madness of Washington, pur
with White House advisers on
suing a historic goal—universal health
the eve ofhis first anniversary
care—that is certainly worthy, and central
as President
to his party’s unfinished legacy, and cru-
cial to the country’s long-term economic
future, but peripheral to most Americans,
who have relentlessly told pollsters, by the best presidential orator in a generation weren't buying. “The classic example being
huge majorities, that they are happy with finds it so hard to explain himselfto the me heading over to meet with the House
the health care they currently receive and American people. Republican caucus to discuss the stimu
far more worried about other things. On lus,” the President said, “and finding out
this defining issue, the President and his Health care reform has clearly been at the that [minority leader John] Boehner had
party have lost touch with the country. heart of the Administration’s troubles. already released a statement saying, We're
Which was unfortunate, because he The President cited three problems that be going to vote against the bill before we've
has done a great many other things very deviled the process. The first was context: even hada chance to exchange ideas.”
well. Obama was right, of course, about his plan would cost nearly $100 billion a Instead of recalibrating right then
the troubles he faced when he took the | year—in fairness, he was also proposing and there, Obama decided to push ahead
oath on Jan. 20, 2009. He came to the presi- ways to pay for it—and regulate one-sixth with health care. There were a handful
dency at a moment ofcrisis, in the midst of the economy just after he had spent of Republicans, led by the two Senators
ofafinancial collapse and two wars. He $787 billion on a stimulus package that from Maine, who seemed committed to
acted with purposeful restraint to help most Americans didn’t really understand, voting for a reasonable plan. But the at-
stabilize a juddering economy. Overseas, and hundreds ofbillions more to bail out mosphere deteriorated over the summer
he quickly restored diplomacy to its right- predator banks, which most Americans as the Republicans took a turn toward
ful place at the center of U.S. foreign policy didn’t understand, either. It seemed prof nihilism. They demagogued nonexistent
while moving aggressively to combat ligate, even though Obama could argue, provisions of the bill, like “death panels.”
al-Qaeda and its allies in Afghanistan and rightly, that the bailouts and stimulus By August, the President was saying pri-
the borderlands of Pakistan. Almost all his were needed to stanch the economic vately that he didn’t know if bipartisan-
choices were controversial—an economic- hemorrhage, and that in the long run, ship was possible when the polls said that
stimulus package that was called too | his health care reform was the first step a third of the opposition party didn’t even
small by some and too large by others, the toward containing costs and getting the think he was an American citizen. The
Afghan escalation, an effort to address cli- national debt back under control after the few Republicans pretending to discuss
mate change that was also called too weak Bush Administration had blown apart the health care reform, especially those on the
by some and too radical by others—but Clinton Administration’s admirable bud- Senate Finance Committee, stalled. “The
none of them were dishonorable. His has get discipline. whole thing went on too long,” says Sena
been a serious and substantive presidency. The second problem was the Republi tor Sherrod Brown, a liberal from Ohio.
But the question, a year in, is whether it can Party. Obama came to office attempt “(Finance Committee chairman] Max
has been politically tone-deaf—and why ing bipartisanship. The Republicans Baucus wasted three months trying to

26 time.com/swampland
negotiate with six Republican Senators.”
The longer the process went on, the more
the guts and fat of the bill were exposed to
public scrutiny. The historic reforms—the
fact that insurance companies would no
longer be able to deny coverage to anyone,
the fact that individuals and small busi-
nesses would be able to shop for insurance
and pay less in health care superstores,
the fact that the poor would have their
coverage subsidized—took a backseat.
“There is no doubt,” the President told me,
“that... having this intense a focus on the
sausage-making process in Congress is
never helpful.”
And that was the third problem: the
focus on sausage making was unavoidable,
given that health care aroused almost ev-
ery special interest extant in Washington.
The President insisted to me that, despite
the compromises, the bill was sound. He
even insisted that it still would pass. But
that was before Massachusetts. Now it
seems likely that the heroes on Capitol Hill
will head for the hills rather than take a
risky vote in an election year. “It’s going
to get very ugly fora while,” says a close
aide to the President. Obama will have to
transform himself—but will he be a more
cautious politician, or a bolder one to meet
the populist anger of the times?
By the end of his presidency, Bill Clinton
had come to the conclusion that he made
two big mistakes in his own near fatal
push to enact health care reform. One was
to go whole hog, all at once, rather than
try for incremental change that would
slowly transform the system. The Rube
Goldberg machinery of governance in
Washington was just too convoluted and
rust-ridden to handle something so huge
in one giant bite. The other mistake was
political: a dozen years after Ronald Rea-
gan was elected President, the public still
believed, as Reagan said in his Inaugural,
that “government is the problem,” not the
solution to the country’s difficulties. Clin-
ton realized, too late, that he should have
focused on governing effectively first. He
later told me he should have built public
trust by taking on the welfare system,
which middle-class voters saw as rife with
corruption, before trying anything as
ambitious as health care (welfare reform
proved to be one of Clinton’s most popu-
lar, and effective, achievements).
TIME February 1, 2010
THE INTERVIEW
‘It Always Takes Longer
Than You Think’
Excerpts from President Obama’s inter-
view with Time’s Joe Klein:
On passing health care reform
Health care was going to be hard in
any environment with any Congress.
There’s a reason why seven Presidents
and seven Congresses have failed to
do it. It is a massive undertaking. It
involves every special interest imag-
inable. The American people know
that the status quo isn’t working, and
yet sometimes the devil you know is
better than the devil you don’t. So it is
very easy to caricature any efforts at
reform as negative.
On bringing change to Washington
When | promised change, I didn’t
promise that somehow members of
Congress weren't going to be looking
to try to get a project in their district
or help a hospital in their neighbor-
hood. What I promised was that this
White House was going to constantly
be pursuing the people's interests...
There’s a culture in this town,
which is an insider culture. That's
what I think people outside of Wash-
ington legitimately can’t stand...
From the outside, if you're just watch-
ing TV and all you're hearing about is
the reports, people may get the false
impression that somehow [the insid-
ers] are the folks we're spending more
time listening to...
My hope had been that health care
wouldn’t take this long and that we
would've teed up both energy and
financial reform before the end of the
The First Word
To read the full transcript and
listen to a podcast of Joe Klein's
interview with the President, go to
time.com/obama_interview
first year. If there’s one thing I have
learned... it always takes longer than
you think.
On financial reform
You are already seeing the big banks
and some of these other interests
lining up in opposition to basic
core reforms like making sure that
consumers know what the fine print
is when it comes to their credit cards
or their debit cards or their mortgages.
You're already seeing them resisting
the idea that they should have a
regulatory regime that isn’t full of
loopholes. And my attitude is that this
is a fight that is entirely consistent
with what we've done last year, it’s
entirely consistent with who lam and
how I campaigned, and it’s a fight that
I welcome.
On terrorism
This Administration has taken out
more al-Qaeda high-level operatives,
has been more aggressive in pinning
them down... than a lot of what's tak-
en place previously. Having said that,
our intelligence failures in picking up
{Christmas Day bomber Umar Farouk]
Abdulmutallab show how much more
has to be done. I think everybody
understands that this is an area where
we have to be relentless, regardless of
what else is on our plate.
On the Middle East
I think the Israelis and Palestinians
have found that the... divisions with-
in their societies were such that it was
very hard for them to start engaging
in a meaningful conversation ... What
we did this year didn’t produce the
kind of breakthrough that we wanted,
and if we had anticipated some of
these political problems on both sides
earlier, we might not have raised ex-
pectations as high. 5
27

The parallels between Clinton and
Obama in their first years are strik-
ing. Both passed significant economic
legislation—Clinton passed an economic
package, complete with tax increase, that
set iton a path toward the balanced bud-
gets of his second term—despite a stone
wall of Republican opposition. Both were
driven by ambition and high-mindedness
to chase the health care phantasm. And
both seemed to lose track of basic gut-
bucket politics in the process.
In a way, and despite the stubborn
jobless economic recovery, Obama isin a
stronger political position than Clinton
was. He has had his debacle earlier. He
has the rest of the year—a millennium
in politics—to move in a direction that is
more likely to gain immediate public ap-
proval and limit the expected damage in
the 2010 congressional elections. (Clinton
lost both houses in the Republican tidal
wave of 1994.) And Obama has a weapon
that could be as potent as welfare reform:
public anger at Wall Street and the big
banks that responded to public largesse
by awarding themselves historic bonuses
this year. He has already begun this fight,
calling for a tax on the largest banks to
recoup the money lost in the bailouts.
That’s a good idea, but it’s insufficient: a
major campaign has to be waged against
the unregulated financial casino games,
the exotic investment vehicles that cre
ated enormous paper profits and helped
bring on the collapse. Aides say that in
recent meetings with his economic ad-
visers, Obama has been tilting toward
former Fed chairman Paul Volcker—who
has been outspoken against the Wall
Street antics—and away from Lawrence
Summers and Treasury Secretary Timo-
thy Geithner, who were intimately in-
volved in the deregulation of Wall Street.
“He's definitely going to side with Volcker
on trying to make sure that banks con-
The President has
to be concerned with
stagecraft and feel-your-
pain empathy as much
as he is with substance.
That seems like an effort
for Obama
28
In the Arena
centrate on traditional banking,” an
Obama aide told me.
Another way for Obama to regain popu-
larity would be to acknowledge the public
dismay with Big Government. A renewed
campaign for fiscal discipline will be an-
nounced in the State of the Union speech,
but it’s also possible that the President will
push back against the myopic and solipsis-
tic members of Congress, in both parties,
who did so much to make health care
reform a mess. “We've had to hold fire on
the Congress,” says an aide. “We've lashed
ourselves to them in order to get health
care passed. Politically, that’s been like
having Bernie Madoffin the Cabinet.” It is
likely that one of Obama’s most popular
campaign proposals—a national infra-
structure bank that would take the big
projects out of the hands of congressional
porkmongers—will be revived this year.
But even as he pivots toward populism,
this famously no-drama, intellectual
President is going to have to find the voice,
and the political instincts, to sell it.
On the morning he won the Nobel Peace
Prize, Obama met with a nervous group of
aides. The award might be a political prob-
lem, they said. It might be ridiculed. He
hadn't achieved any of his foreign policy
goals yet. “It is kind of crazy,” Obama ac
knowledged with a laugh, “but that’s not
Power lunch Obama confers
the real problem we're facing here. How
with Vice President Joe Biden
do you accept the Nobel Peace Prize when
outside the Oval Office on
you're the Commander in Chiefofamili- |
Jan. 19
tary that is fighting two wars?”
The President’s next meeting was
about one of those wars—the one in
Afghanistan—with his National Security There is an essential disconnect here, an
| Council in the Situation Room. Everyone emotional distance from the public, an
stood as the President entered. “I was wait- emotional distance from his own staff.
ing for people to start applauding or some- Take the National Security Council meet-
one to say, ‘Congratulations, Mr. President, ing after he won the prize: Clinton would
or something like that,” an aide recalls. have hugged everyone in sight; George W.
| “But no one said anything, and the Presi- Bush would have made a self-deprecating
dent didn’t say anything about the prize C-student joke; Reagan might have said,
either. He just started in on the agenda.” “First, I'd like to thank the Academy...”
Taken together, these two meet- The only recent Presidents who might
ings speak to an abiding enigma of the have responded as aridly as Obama did
Obama presidency. From the start, the were Jimmy Carter and George H.W.
President has been the impassive recep- Bush, both replaced by world-class
tacle of passionate hopes and impossible emoters after one term. “He is a classic
expectations—from the expectations loner,” says a politician who helped coach
Obama for debates during the campaign.
of the American people after a wildly
emotional election victory and Inaugura “Usually, you work hard at prep, and then
tion to those of the Nobel Committee. everyone, including the candidate, kicks

back and has a meal together. Obama
would go off and eat by himself. He is
very self-contained. He is not needy.”
Unlike most politicians, Obama
doesn’t thrive on sycophancy; he mis
trusts it. That’s why no one in the Situa
tion Room congratulated him on the prize.
And he’s not very good at faking the hail
fellow camaraderie that is part of Ameri
can public life, either. He doesn’t seem to
enjoy the game of politics all that much. In
his memoir of the 2008 presidential race,
Obama campaign manager David Plouffe
says his candidate grew “increasingly sul
len” on the road during the early months
of the campaign. Communications direc
tor Robert Gibbs asked Obama if he was
having any funat all. No, Obama replied.
TIME February 1, 2010
Was there anything that could be done to
make it more fun? Again, the answer was
no. “He found most [media] coverage of
the race banal,” Plouffe writes. “And there
wasn’t nearly enough time for his favorite
part of the campaign—noodling over
policy, or, as he called it, think time.”
Does this matter? In a high-minded,
policy-driven world, it wouldn't. But we
don't live there. The presidency exists in
a show-biz maelstrom—especially now,
with an opposition party that simply
refuses to participate in governing the
country, barnacled special interests that
detour and distend any attempts at major
legislation, and noxious, shortsighted me
dia that convey heat more accurately than
they do light. In such an atmosphere, the
President has to convey a little heat too.
He has to be as concerned with stagecraft,
political appearances, feel-your-pain em
pathy as he is with substance. That seems
like an effort for Obama. In his first meet
ing with aides on his Nobel morning, he
skipped past the political question—How
could they react to the perception that the
prize was premature?—to the heart of the
matter: What was the rationale for a war
President to receive a peace prize? This led
directly to the most memorable passage
of his Nobel lecture, about the need to
combat the evil that exists in the world, a
passage celebrated by his domestic friends
and foes alike. But his eloquence will be
remembered fondly in history only if
Obama himself is—and not just as the
first of his race but as one who led the
nation through a difficult time. “To lead
successfully,” an Administration official
told me, “you have to convince people that
you're with them, that you get their prob
lems right down to your gut.”
Two days after we spoke in the Oval Office,
the President gave a lovely speech—the
kind he does so well—at the Vermont
Avenue Baptist Church in Washington.
He even lifted the mask a bit. “You know,
folks ask me sometimes why I look so
calm.” The audience laughed, and he con
tinued, “They say, All this stuff coming at
you, how come you just seem calm? And
I have aconfession to make here. There
are times where I’m not so calm... There
are times when progress seems too slow.
There are times when the words that are
spoken about me hurt. There are times
when the barbs sting. There are times
when it feels like all these efforts are for
naught, and change is so painfully slow
in coming, and I have to confront my own
doubts. But let me tell you—during those
times, it’s faith that keeps me calm.”
After a year of “think time” on serious
policy issues, the President faces a very
different landscape in 2010. He will have
to go to battle, shedding his preternatural
calm at times, and fight to regain the pub
lic trust. He will have to be more politician
than policymaker—and yet remain true
to his values in the process. He will have
to understand that in the poisonous atmo
sphere of American politics, triumphs are
no longera realistic possibility; survival is
as good as it gets. @
29
Mass Mutiny
Scott Brown’s surprise Senate win in the Bay State may
have derailed Obama’s health care reform
BY KAREN TUMULTY/BOSTON
AS SCOTT BROWN TOLD
the story the morning
after the election, the
first sign that some-
thing remarkable was
about to happen in the
Democratic strong-
hold of Massachusetts
was ... well, it was a
sign. One with his
name on it. Someone had made it by hand
and planted it in the snow in a front yard
near Lunenburg. That was back in Decem-
ber, when the polls showed he was run-
ning 30 points behind Democrat Martha
Coakley in the special election to fill the
Senate seat once held by the late Edward
Kennedy. Pretty soon after that, he told
me, “they were popping up all over the
place.” People were even spelling out his
name in snowbanks.
By mid-January, it was hard to find
any place in the state that was not dot-
ted with Brown signs—even in the store-
fronts and driveways of Hyannis Port, the
fabled seaside hometown of the Kennedy
clan. As for the message that Brown’s
flinty 5-point win sent to Democrats
across the country, that was summed up
by the winner. “What happened in this
election can happen all over America,” he
declared. “When there’s trouble in Mas-
sachusetts, rest assured there’s trouble
every where—and they know it.”
Brown’s victory—some called it “the
Scott heard round the world”—on the eve
of the first anniversary of Barack Obama’s
Inauguration was an ominous sign for
Democrats for the midterm elections
ahead and a potentially crippling blow
to Obama’s entire agenda. Brown ran ex-
plicitly on a promise to be the “41st Sena-
tor,” who would give the Republicans the
power to block what he called “the trillion-
dollar health care bill that is being forced
on the American people,” one that will
“raise taxes, hurt Medicare, destroy jobs
and run our nation deeper into debt.”
“ene
That such a message would resonate
here was poignant, given that no one had
fought harder and longer than Kennedy
for universal health care, something that
the terminally ill liberal lion had referred
to before his death in August as “the cause
of my life.” And it was all the more ironic
considering that Massachusetts has come
closer than any other state to assuring
coverage to all of its citizens, thanks to a
2006 law that was championed by a Re-
publican governor, Mitt Romney, who
was celebrating onstage with Brown on
election night.
Although the rest of the country sees
Massachusetts as the bluest of blue states—
it had not elected a Republican Senator
since Richard Nixon was President—its
political complexion is actually more
subtle. Registered Democrats outnumber
Republicans 3 to 1, but fully half the state’s
voters are registered “unenrolled”—not af-
filiated with any party. And four of its last
five governors have been Republicans, al-
beit ones of a more moderate stripe than
that of the national party.
As I talked with voters braving the
snow to get a glimpse of Brown in the days
leading up to the election, the health care
issue came up again and again. They were
unsettled by the mounting costs of their
state’s program and even more so by the
process they saw going on in Washington.
Rather than being drafted with the com-
mon good in mind, they said, the health
Although the rest
of the country sees
Massachusetts as
the bluest of blue
states, its political
complexion is
actually more subtle
bill was turning into a series of backroom
deals—a Medicaid exemption for Sena-
tor Ben Nelson’s Nebraska, tax breaks for
unions, sweeteners for the hospital and
drug industries. Asa veteran of the Kenne-
dy political operation put it, “They think
there’s a lot coming out of Washington—
and none of it is for them.”
Then there were Brown’s strengths as
a fresh, energetic and appealing candidate
who stood out in contrast to his Democrat-
ic opponent. State attorney general Martha
Coakley seemed to take the race so much
for granted that she barely bothered to
campaign until it was too late. Asked by
the Boston Globe about how few campaign
appearances she was putting in, she madea
dismissive reference to a Brown campaign
video: “As opposed to standing outside Fen-
way Park? In the cold? Shaking hands?”
Brown, 50, did that and much, much
more, running up the odometer on his
black GMC pickup to 200,000 miles (about
320,000 km) as he crisscrossed the state.
And while Coakley was taking time off,
he was on the air early with upbeat ads—
one of which even compared him to John
F. Kennedy. On the stump, he promised
to change the way things get done in
Washington—sounding a note similar
to one that helped get Obama elected
14 months earlier.
Still, he had a long way to go. One of
only five Republicans in the 4o-seat state
senate, Brown wasn’t even the best-known
person in his family. His wife Gail Huff is
a popular television reporter. His daugh-
ter Ayla was a semifinalist on American
Idol and a four-year starter on the Boston
College women’s basketball team. The
couple’s other daughter, Arianna, is a pre-
med freshman at Syracuse University. As
picture-perfect as the Brown family looks,
the Senator-elect’s upbringing was any-
thing but. His parents each married four
times, and his mother was briefly on wel-
fare. Brown was shuttled among relatives
while he was growing up in the northern
TIME February 1, 2010
The underdog Voters spelled Brown’s name in
snowbanks when they couldn’t get yard signs

suburbs of Boston. As a youth, he was ar

rested for shoplifting. He credits the judge,
Samuel Zoll, for setting him straight, in
part by making him write a 1,500-word es
say on what his life would be like in jail.
Brown told the Boston Globe: “The other
day I was at Staples, and something was in
my cart that I didn’t pay for. I had to bring
it back because ... Ithought of Judge Zoll.”
Brown may have benefited from being
underestimated. As a 22-year-old law stu-
dent, Brown posed nude for a Cosmopolitan
magazine “America’s Sexiest Man” photo
spread that was resurrected and became
an Internet sensation during the cam
paign. But he is also a 30-year veteran of
the Massachusetts Army National Guard,
and his service figured prominently in his
campaign. He won his first election as a
local tax assessor in 1992 and was elected
to the state senate in 2004. His politics tend
to be standard conservative on issues like
taxes and guns, but he supports Roe v. Wade
and in 2007 earned a 100% rating from the
Massachusetts Audubon Society.
Brown’s surge caught national Dem-
ocrats napping. But their GOP rivals
moved fast in December when they no-
ticed an internal poll that showed Brown
closing the gap to only 13 points against
Coakley. What really grabbed their at
tention, however, was something deeper
in the data: among those most likely to
vote, Brown was only 4 points down. In
early January, the National Republican
Senatorial Committee quietly dispatched
staffers to Massachusetts and shifted
$500,000 to the state party—a huge plug
of cash that wouldn’t show up on its cam
paign filings until after the election was
over. “It was a long shot,” says a strategist,
“but there was a very real opportunity
for a forward pass.” That pass connected,
and Scott Brown has given his party a
brand-new playbook. %

3]
Starting over
More than 1.5 million
Haitians lost their
homes in the Jan. 12
quake, leaving even
makeshift tents in
scarce supply
 With tens of thousands struggling to survive,
‘aid teaches Haiti. Whatgast disasters can
teach about the right way to rebuild
BY BRYAN WALSH, JAY NEWTON-SMALL AND TIM PADGETT
PHOTOGRAPHS FOR TIME BY SHAUL SCHWARZ
s

\ j
r ~
 WORLD | REBUILDING HAITI

ICHAUD JONAS RETURNED

to the ruins of the Palm
Apparel factory to see if he
could find his little sister’s
body—and, possibly, a job.
Hundreds of workers were buried under
the rubble of this T-shirt-manufacturing
plant in the Port-au-Prince suburb of
Carrefour, and Jonas’ sister, 22, was one
of them. The scent of decay around the
neighborhood was overpowering. Yet
though he mourned his loss—his brother
and mother also died, when the family’s
home collapsed—he looked ahead. “Here
was the worst place hit, so maybe it'll be
the first place to recover,” he said. “I need
to find ajob so I can help what's left of my
family. They are depending on me.”
Haiti is a country in agony. More than
a week after a 7.0-strength quake leveled
Port-au-Prince and its surroundings, res
cue teams kept combing the ruins for
survivors—and some were miraculously
found after days in the rubble—but hope
was slowly dwindling. International help
began to pour into Haiti, but with the
capital and most political infrastructure
destroyed, the aid wasn’t nearly enough.
Emergency medical teams operating out of
shipping containers worked to save limbs
and lives, and desperate requests went out
to U.S. medical schools for more volun-
teers. More than 1.5 million Haitians are
homeless, and the full death toll—perhaps
100,000 or more—remains unknown and
may be unknowable,as tens of thousandsof
corpses were delivered to mass graves with
out ceremony. Asif that weren't bad enough,
a 6.1-magnitude aftershock rocked Haiti
on Jan. 20, further rattling nerves. “This is
reallyan unprecedented situation,” says U.N.
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. He feels it
personally. The U.N. lost more than 40 peo
plein the quake, the worst disaster the glob future quakes and storms through better Buried alive
al body has suffered in its 65-year history. “It buildings, better government infrastruc Removing the rubble
is overwhelming—overwhelming.” ture and sustained growth—we'll be chas is a tragic business,
As rescue work shifts to recovery work, ing after worsening disasters for decades to as each layer cleared
it will take a monumental effort from the come. “It would be unconscionable to turn reveals more victims
international community—and the shell Port-au-Prince back to the way it was,” says
shocked Haitian people—to prevent the John Mutter, a seismologist at Columbia
catastrophe from growing even worse. Yet University. “You have to use this as a per U.S. military prepared a large mobilization
Haiti, the poorest country in the western verse chance to build back better.” of troops and support staff, NGOs with a
hemisphere, can’t and shouldn't simply be For all the uncertainty and chaos in long history of responding to natural disas
restored to what it was before the quake. the early days following the quake, it was ters moved into Haiti as fast as they could.
The catastrophic death toll was a result not clear the world wanted to help. From the “We will be here today, tomorrow and for :
so much of the earthquake’s strength but high-level work of former President Bill the time ahead,” Secretary of State Hillary
of Haiti’s history of corruption, its shoddy Clinton, the U.N. special envoy to Haiti, Clinton said on Jan. 16. :
buildings and ultimately its poverty. As to the millions of dollars donated through But that willingness to help collided at |
we've seen in the aftermath of previous di text-messaging, there was no shortage of first with what wasa logistical nightmare.
sasters, rebuilding takes time, commitment generosity in response to the devastation. Port-au-Prince’s seaport was rendered un
and sustained funding—and inHaiti’s case, Americans alone gave more than $190 mil usable, its airport was barely functional,
they’re especially important. What’sat stake lion in the first week after the quake, on and roads were snarled by debris and the
goes beyond that nation’s shores. Unless the track with the response to the 2004 tsu homeless. The temblor not only struck a *
world helps prepare the poorest societies for nami and Hurricane Katrina. While the country mired in poverty; it erupted just =

34

15 miles (about 24 km) from that nation’s
capital. The result was a bureaucratic de
capitation, meaning aid and personnel ini
tially had to be shipped in, either through
the neighboring Dominican Republic or
secondary airports in Haiti. (The Asian tsu
nami, by contrast, didn’t touch the capitals
of affected countries.) Even after the Port
au-Prince airport was partly repaired and
under the control of the U.S., landing slots
were tight; some NGOs claimed that hu
manitarian flights were turned away for
lack of space (though the U.S. insists that
was only temporary). And for the locals,
there was no Plan B. “With Katrina, if you
could walk to the edge of a disaster area,
you could get in a car, drive 40 miles, finda
store and buy what you needed,” says Caryl
Stern, president and CEO of the U.S. fund
for UNICEF. “Here, there is no car. There is
no highway. There is no 40 miles away.”
TIME February 1, 2010
In the first week, workers handed out
just 250,000 daily food rations to hundreds
of thousands clamoring for them. But it’s
difficult to see how aid could have been
distributed through a ruined Haiti much
faster. Indeed, by one measure, things went
better than expected: despite a security
vacuum that U.S. soldiers now have to fill,
fears of widespread violence seemed mostly
unfounded, though there were local excep
tions. As the shock of the quake receded, Hai
tians did what people have done throughout
the world after natural disasters: they im
provised, helping one another while they
hoped for aid. Haitians “look more poised
to come together and roll up our sleeves,”
says Jocelyn McCalla, a Haitian-American
development consultant.
But that spirit won't be enough to keep
Haiti going in the weeks and months ahead.
Continued on page 38
FIRST PERSON
Burying the Dead
By Jay Newton-Small
Everywhere you go, people beg
for help: some water, a little food,
maybe some medical supplies.
Desperate Haitians clamored
for my business card on the
misapprehension that somehow
my Washington office number
might be the magic pill to alleviate
their suffering. | gave out all my
cards; when | ran out of them,
people produced scraps of paper
and wrote down the numbers.
Aid has been disjointed at best,
preferential at worst. At the Hotel
Montana, which was once the best
hotel in town, rescue teams from
the U.S., France, Spain, Colombia,
Ecuador and Chile worked
frantically to save 50 to 70 trapped
people. Many of the hotel’s guests
were U.N. workers, and almost
all of the victims were foreign.
Each body found was identified,
wrapped in a body bag and sent
down the hill to be shipped home
or buried, as dozens of reporters
watched and filmed.
Meanwhile, the residents of
Canapé Vert, a lower-middle-class
neighborhood behind the hotel,
have received no aid whatsoever.
Fearing for the health of survivors,
men piled the bodies of 31 family
members and friends into a mass
grave, said Clemente Dirre, 29, a
mechanic who lives in Canapé Vert.
He showed us the grave—a bloody
hip bone stuck out from beneath
the rubble, but nothing else. People
worry that the bodies haven't been
buried properly and might still
cause disease, Dirre said.
At a textile factory near our hotel
in the blue collar neighborhood
of Carrefour, in Port-au-Prince,
an estimated hundreds of people
remained beneath the rubble.
A 21-year-old man, Evans Brice,
stood silently among the ruins. The
mangled corpse of a woman half
crushed beneath the concrete, her
head down as if in defeat, hung
before him. It was his girlfriend
of five years, Jean Fiona, also 21.
Brice had lingered there since
finding her, rubbing his wallet, full
of her pictures, against his heart
and sobbing. “I cannot leave. | love
her,” he said, his hand reaching out
to nearly touch her hair, powdered
white with concrete dust.
ine | mee ‘
4% Seby 4 =

One man was

shot dead by police
oT s ee sporadic looting.
: "ee Desperate survivors
keptforaging.On
ei the whole, Haiti |
remained calmer than —
many
had expeBM
a
 WORLD | REBUILDING HAITI

FIRST PERSON

Running with the Looters

By Ioan Grillo

Arriving in what used to be the

main shopping district of Port-
au-Prince, | and other journalists
find two police officers relaxing in
their squad car. They say looting is
raging a block away. “We just do
not have the numbers to deal with
the problems in the city now,” says
officer Jean Marie Duran.

Climbing over piles of debris in the

heart of the shopping district, we
run into the looting. Young men,
teenagers, middle-aged women
and gray old men all search
frantically in the ruined shops and
warehouses. When someone finds
a Stash of goods, a crowd rushes
around it. Around the corner, three
young men are standing on the
roof of a building, throwing boxes
into the crowd. Most of those
below have seen no aid packages
since the quake. We ask a woman
what they are robbing, and she
opens a box to show us: candles, a
vital resource in a city where there
is still no electricity.

A young man with a baseball

bat and dark glasses pulls up
close. “Relax,” he tells us calmly in
English, nodding his head to signal
that we are in no danger from him.
Lifting up his T-shirt, he shows his
thin waist. “No food,” he says. Next
to him, a man with dreadlocks and
a Rastafarian hat talks in broken
Spanish. “We have to steal and
then sell to make money for food,”
he tells us. “We are sleeping in the
streets. We have lost our homes.”

Suddenly there is a crackle of

gunshots. A group of police
officers are firing into the air
from a block away. Over the past
few days, looters have been shot
dead by police around these
same streets. We run fast with
the crowd, trying not to fall on
Continued from page 35 There is also a pressing need for doc
the torn-up ground. Fifty yards
For medium-term recovery, international tors and nurses who can handle traumatic
away, people have slowed to a
aid will have to keep supplies flowing. Wa injuries and provide disease care. There
calm pace. A middle-aged woman
says she is getting produce for her
ter will be the first priority. People can go were more than 200,000 Haitians with
three children. “At least tonight hungry longer than they can go thirsty, and HIV or AIDS before the quake. For them
they are going to have something contaminated water can lead to outbreaks of and people with other chronic conditions
to eat,” she says. diseases like cholera. Desalination will be who need consistent drug treatment, in
one option—the aircraft carrier U.S.S. Carl terruption can mean death. Haiti’s ruined
Vinson, holding off the coast of Haiti, can do public-health infrastructure will have to
nate 200,000 gal. (about 757,000 L) of fresh be rebuilt, and that will mean more than
water a day. Steady food aid will be neces just replacing collapsed hospitals. Local tal

ofl o) sary for some time, though there are hopes

that the earthquake left Haiti’s agricultural
ent will be needed—especially vital will
be nurses and support staff. Without such
Relief and Rebuilding sector mostly unscathed. The assistance ef- a sustained effort, the “long-term rami
For continuing coverage of
the Haiti disaster, including
forts have to be visible, to assure Haitians fications could lead to more deaths than
exclusive photos, go to they haven't been forgotten and to forestall the event itself,” says Tom Kirsch, the co
time.com/ haiti rage on the ground. director of the Center for Refugee and Disas-

38

Parched but patient
Haitians stand in
line for hours, hoping
to pick up a rare
delivery offood
ter Response at Johns Hopkins University.
Further ahead, a recovering Haiti must
change the way it builds. The shoddiness
of construction in Port-au-Prince made the
death toll dramatically higher than it would
have been had the quake struck inasturdier
place; the 1989 quake in the San Francisco
Bay Area was of almost the same magnitude
as Haiti's but killed only 63 people. A con
crete block in Haiti might weigh an eighth
TIME February 1, 2010
of what its U.S. counterpart would, as un
scrupulous contractors take kickbacks and
building codes go unenforced. It wasn’t only
slums that tumbled, after all; grand build
ings like the presidential palace and the
headquarters of the U.N. mission collapsed
too. Other developing countries in quake
zones, like Colombia, build far more secure
ly. “Earthquakes don’t kill people,” says Co
lumbia University’s Mutter. “Bad buildings
kill people. And buildings are bad because
people are poor.”
That’s exactly why recovery will never
be complete unless Haiti can break out of
the economic basement. The country has
a per capita GDP of $1,300—six times less
than that of the Dominican Republic, with
which it shares the island of Hispaniola.
While the Dominican Republic has enjoyed
relative political stability, Haiti’s history of
corruption and turmoil has helped keep the
country poor. Before the quake, Haiti had
begun to do better, and in the initial phase
of recovery, there will be jobs in reconstruc
tion. Consistent aid policies that include
microloans for small businesses and more
liberal tariffs that would nurture alow-cost
export sector could help Haiti grow sustain
ably. A richer Haiti would be a safer Haiti.
“Part of recovery has to mean charting a
new role for Haiti in the global economy,”
says Ben Wisner, a research fellow at Ober
lin College and a disaster expert.
To someone standing in the rubble of
Port-au-Prince, it may seem impossible to
believe that Haiti can ever rebuild. But in
the past five years, natural disasters that
were just as catastrophic—the Asian tsu
nami, the 2008 quake in China’s Sichuan
province—were followed by often impres
sive recoveries. More than $10 billion was
spent on aid and recovery for tsunami-hit
nations, and though the effort was hardly
problem-free—it was marred by corrup
tion, poor coordination and the paradox of
too much money chasing too few immedi
ate uses—the Indonesian province of Aceh,
ground zero for the disaster, is back on its
feet. The recovery in Sichuan is even more
impressive: just six months after the quake,
which killed 87,000 people, homeless were
nowhere to be found. Of course, China’s
strong central government and turbo
charged economy were largely unaffected
by the quake. “A place like Haiti—that’s go
ing to be a struggle,” says Ramsey Rayyis,
the regional representative for the Ameri
can Red Cross in China. “You're going to
need a lot more external intervention.”
What does the world owe Haiti? Beyond
the moral imperative to help save the coun
try, there is a practical incentive. Natural
disasters—earthquakes, storms, floods
are unavoidable acts of God. But it’s possi
ble to build societies, from New Orleans
to Port-au-Prince, that can weather them.
Doing so would save lives and the tens of
billions of dollars that are spent every time
a fragile community gets wiped out. “The
world can't afford more of these disasters,”
says Roger Bilham, a seismologist at the
University of Colorado. “It’s worth invest
ing in these problems now, while we can.”
Haiti's buried were victims of poverty and
neglect, not just the quake. But we owe it
to the survivors—to people like Michaud
Jonas—to help build a Haiti that will never
again beso vulnerable. —wiTH REPORTING
BY AUSTIN RAMZY/BEIJING, IOAN GRILLO
PORT-AU-PRINCE AND LAURA FITZPATRICK
NEW YORK a
39
WORLD | REBUILDING HAITI
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Life
CASH CRUNCH, PAGE 46

SOCIAL NORMS FITNESS CASH CRUNCH

SOCIAL NORMS

Who Takes
Care of
Mom?
Siblings
clash as they
respond to
parents’ aging
WHEN MY MOTHER'S HEALTH
was failing, Iwas the “bad”
sister who lived far away and
wasn’t involved. My sister
helped my parents. She never
asked me to do anything, and
I didn’t volunteer. I was wid
owed, raising kids and work
ing, but that wasn’t really why
I kept to weekly calls and short,
infrequent visits. Iwas stuck in
my adolescent role as the aloof
achiever, defending myself
from my judgmental mother
and other family craziness. As
always, I deflected my sister's
digs about my not being around
more—and I didn’t hear her ris
ing desperation. It wasn’t until
my mom’s funeral, watching
my dad and sister cling to each
other and weep, that I got a hint
of their long ordeal—and how
badly I'd screwed up.
My sister was so furious, she
barely spoke to me during my

Mixed messages Linda Groeber,

67, downplayed her problems when
a daughter visited herin Baltimore

Photographs for TIME by Matt Eich 43


Eyewitness Groeber’s daughter Annie didn’t believe her sister’s updates until she moved to be near her family
father’s last years. Honest, I’m
GENDER not a terrible person. So how
Daughters are did I get it so wrong?
more likely than We hear a lot about the costs
sons to become
of taking care of our graying
caregivers,
population. But the big story
and among
daughters,
roiling beneath the surface is
geographic the psychological crisis among
proximity rules middle-aged siblings who are
fuming or fighting over issues
DYNAMICS involving their aging parents.
Siblings are the
According to anew survey by
greatest source
the AARP- and MetLife-funded
of help to
caregivers, but
National Alliance for Care-
they're also the giving, an estimated 43.5 mil-
biggest source lion adults in the U.S. are
of interpersonal looking after an older relative or
stress friend. Of these, 43% said they
did not feel they hada choice in
FAVORITISM
this role. And although 7 in 10
Recollections
of maternal
said another unpaid caregiver
preferences had provided help in the past
during year, only 1 in ro said the bur-
childhood den was split equally.
outweigh As siblings who are often
perceptions
separated geographically and
of current
emotionally, we are having to
favoritism
in predicting
come together to decide such
tension among thorny issues as where Mom
adult siblings and Dad should live and where
they should be buried. “It’s like
being put down with your sib-
lings in the center of anuclear
reactor and being told, ‘Figure
it out,” says University of
Colorado geropsychologist Sara
Honn Qualls.
44
Eldercare and end-of-life
debates often hit families after
decades of negotiating nothing
more serious than where to
spend Thanksgiving. We can
be grownups with successful
careers and kids of our own,
yet all the old stuff ambushes
us: sibling rivalry, entrenched
roles and resentments, the way
our family talked or didn’t talk
about important things.
One two-year study of
married women caring for
parents with dementia found
that siblings were not only the
greatest source of help to these
caregivers but also the biggest
source of interpersonal stress.
Friction often stems from
parents giving their children
different information about
how they’re doing. Mom may
put on a good show for the out-
of-towner, who then discounts
what the local sibling says.
Annie Groeber, 43, a freelance
media producer, used to pop
up from Washington to see her
mother, who would make light
of her many health problems.
So until Groeber moved to
Baltimore to help out more, she
had trouble believing what her
sister said about their mother’s
deteriorating condition or the
personality changes caused
by her medications. “Tracey
would say, ‘You have no idea
what this is like,” Groeber re-
calls. “Within a couple of weeks
of my moving, I said to her,
“You're right. I had no idea.”
Not all siblings fight, and
some become closer during
their parents’ twilight years.
The Hiatts have managed this
period better than most. After
years oftalks with their five
far-flung kids, in 2002 the par-
ents moved from Boise, Idaho,
to an assisted-living facility in
Eugene, Ore., 10 minutes from
Jeanne Walker, the daughter
who has had the best relation
ship with their (often difficult)
mother. Ats59, Walker works
part time as a nurse. Her older
brother helps out twice a week,
and their three siblings, who
live in other states, spend
their vacations on parent duty.
When their mom complains
unrelentingly, Walker calls
her siblings to vent. “It makes
a difference to me to feel I have
their support,” she says.
Research shows that emo
tional support for caregivers
is critical to their well-being
and to family harmony. Too
often, anger on one side leads
to guilt and defensiveness on
the other, resulting in sibling
gridlock. Sometimes a thera
pist or clergyperson needs to
referee family meetings. For
status updates, Patricia Mul
vey, ageriatric-care manager in
New York, favors simultaneous
e-mails. “That way,” she says,
“Susie won't hear it before Joey,
and that can reduce tension.”
As for me, I became more
present for my father in his
last years. After he died, I
apologized to my sister. And
so, in our imperfect way,
we remain “family” and
sometimes even laugh over a
childhood memory that, now
that our parents are gone, we
are the only people on earth
who share. a
Russo, a contributor to TIME
since 1999, is the author ofthe
new book They're Your Parents,
Too! How Siblings Can Survive
Their Parents’ Aging Without
Driving Each Other Crazy
(Bantam; 304 pages)
TIME February 1, 2010
 FITNESS

Toe Huggers. Joggers spend a lot on

cushiony sneakers, but going barefoot (or
close to it) might be better for your body

See Bryan Run

For more on the benefits
of sneaker-free jogging,
go to time.com/barefoot

McDougall’s best seller, Born

BY BRYAN WALSH
IN RETROSPECT, THE TIMING
of my barefoot-running
experiment—in New York
City, in January, in the middle
of one of the worst cold snaps
in memory—may not have
been ideal. But I was willing
to risk toe frostbite to find out
why a growing number of
trainers and scientists believe
| that ditching cushioned soles
| might be the best way to protect
joggers against chronic injuries.
Because the human foot has
relatively little padding on the
heel, barefoot runners tread
more lightly, landing on the
outer part of the midfoot and
then rolling inward. Cushiony
running shoes, by contrast,
encouragea stiff heel-to-toe
stride that could lead to injury.
In the December issue of a jour-
nal put out by the American
Academy of Physical Medicine
& Rehabilitation, researchers
concluded that running in
shoes exerts more stress on the
knee, hip and ankle than does
running barefoot or walking
in high heels. “We evolved to
run barefoot, and when we put
shoes on, we're taking away
the function of the foot,” says
Irene Davis, director of the Uni
versity of Delaware Running
Injury Clinic.
Interest in barefoot run
ning has ramped up in recent
months with Christopher
to Run, which follows Mex
ico’s Tarahumara Indians,
who routinely run ultra
marathons wearing thin rub
ber sandals or no shoes at all.
But many podiatrists point
out that there are little data on
the long-term effects of going
barefoot, and they urge aver
age runners to show caution
before they chuck their Nikes.
For me, that meant keep
ing my barefoot runs rela
tively short—1 mile (0.6 km)
or less—and runningin
Vibram Five Fingers, thin
rubber foot gloves that protect
my tender soles from debris. I
found that my stride changed
naturally—lighter on the heel
and shorter—which put more
stress on my calves. That led
to some temporary soreness,
but eventually my too-often
stiff knees and back felt better
than they had ina long time.
For now, I’m mostly sticking
with sneakers, but I might
try my barefoot experiment
again. Maybe in the spring, or
whenever my toesthaw. &

Back to
Basics
Some studies show that
running the way nature
designed us to run—
barefoot—could lead to
stronger feet and fewer
chronic injuries
1. CONTACT 2. GRIP 3. COMPRESS 4. RECOIL
Without a shoe to The forefoot rolls toward When the heel lands, The toes push off, again
cushion it, the foot the big toe, gripping the body's best shock with a much wider renge
strikes the ground on and feeling the running absorber, the arch, is of motion and muscle
the outside edge of the surface while preparing compressed more than balance than is possible
forefoot, not the heel the leg for impact it would be with a shoe when wearing a shoe

TIME February 1, 2010 45

CASH CRUNCH
Public Spending. A new Twitteresque
site lets you broadcast everything you
charge. Could that make you spend less?
BY BARBARA KIVIAT
IF YOU WANT TO KNOW HOW
I spend my money, go to
Blippy.com. Each time I make
a purchase on my credit card,
the amount I’ve spent and the
name of the place I’ve spent it
automatically pop up on this
weird new site. Why would
any sane person volunteer to
publicize that information?
Philip Kaplan, a technol-
ogy entrepreneur and one of
Blippy’s co-founders, hazards
a guess: “To tell people—
friends, acquaintances, maybe
even strangers—a little bit
more about you.”
Thad a different theory.
If scads of people could see
and comment on what I was
buying, maybe I would be
shamed into spending less.
Could there be a practical use
for the exhibitionism and
groupthink of social network-
ing? Location-centric sites
like Foursquare encourage
people to blast where they
46
are and what they’re buying.
But Blippy takes things toa
new level, since information
goes straight from point of
purchase to website. You don’t
have to push a single button;
just agree to let Blippy broad-
cast the details that end up on
your credit-card statement.
Marketers are constantly
mining all sorts of consumer
data, and Blippy—which has
received seed money from big-
name investors like Sequoia
Capital and Twitter CEO Evan
Williams—wants to help
individuals start harnessing
this kind ofinformation too.
Conversations on Blippy
occasionally revolve around
how people should spend less
for things. If you pay more
than $29.99 a month fora gym
membership, expect to hear
about it. But more often the
comments are pro-purchase.
That’s especially true when
people opt to specify what
they’re buying on sites such
as Amazon, iTunes and
Netflix (I like The Office too!).
During my first month
on Blippy, which was in beta
until Jan. 14, my proclivity for
eating at Mexican restaurants
quickly became a topic of con
versation among the strangers
who started following me on
the site. As I scrolled through
other users’ purchases, I was
reminded that most people
sometimes go to grocery
stores instead ofeating out
every night. I noticed another
Blippy member getting joshed
about how often charges
showed up from a particular
bar. He bantered back that
to avoid the appearance of a
drinking problem, maybe he
should switch to cash.
Iran my cost-control theory |
by Kaplan, and he said it was
3¢ interesting—but that he had
Smallest purchase witnessed his spending habits
shared so far on being swayed in the other di-
Blippy.com, for a rection. On a recent trip to Bali,
Tootsie Roll he battled with a friend over
who would get to pay for din-
$15,789
ner. He wasn’t being gracious.
He simply wanted the Blippy
Largest purchase, community to see that he was
for an industrial freezer inacool place.
I, too, eventually found
that sharing details about
hs1 6 MILLION what I was buying only made
me want to spend more. With
Venture funds recently
raised for this new friends on New Year’s Eve,
social-networking site I asked to be the one to pur
chase a bottle of champagne.
In an odd way, |felt I would
be ringing in the New Year
with my Blippy compatriots.
And that made me realize
Blippy isn’t primarily about
spending habits. Like any
other social-networking site,
it’s mostly about feeling as if
you're surrounded by a par-
ticular group of people even
when you're not. ma
TIME February 1, 2010
 THE TURBOTAX STEP-BY-STEP
GUIDE TO DOING YOUR TAXES.

Ready to start your return?

(Okay, we're ready.)

Did you have a baby?

(Emma, 6lbs. 402.)

Did you donate any items to charity?

Did you buy a home?
(My racing bike. These days a stroller
(Yes. With a big backyard
is more my speed.)
for Emma.)

TurboTax ry fa

Refund “re Last stop: Your Maximum Refund,

Guaranteed.
(aka, Emma’s college fund!)

TurboTax is like a GPS for your taxes, guiding you step-by-step through your return. If there's a deduction or a
credit you're entitled to, TurboTax will track it down. And double check along the way, to help you get the biggest refund
you deserve. Over 100 million returns have been prepared using TurboTax. No wonder it’s the most trusted tax software in
America. See how easy TurboTax is at TurboTax.com.

Money-back guarantee details at TurboTaxcom. Retums estimate based on actual sales, e-file, survey and industry data for federal
and state returns. Trusted brand claim based on survey 7/09, © 2010 Intuit Inc. All rights reserved. Intuit, the Intuit logo and
TurboTax, among others, are registered trademarks and/or service marks of Intuit Inc. in the United States and other countries

Choose Easy.
 4

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 INSIDE

Everything about Oakley is

meant to impress or provoke,

Global
even its headquarters
TOM MCNICHOL ON THE SUNGLASSES COMPANY

Business
O FINANCE O AMERICAN RE: REINVENTING AND RETOOLING THE U.S. ECONOMY

s = HK}{7
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|BANKING BY JOSH LEVINE/MADRID

‘Dare to Be Boring. Banco BANCO SANTANDER’S NO-NONSENSE HEAD-

Santander is a risk-control freak quarters sprawls across a dusty hilltop
a little more than 12 miles (20 km) from
that also uses sophisticated downtown Madrid. But it seems a world
removed from Spain’s capital and its long
| software to manage its customers. naps and midnight dinners. Cigarette
breaks don’t last long; the leafy inner
?/ No wonder the company made so
«
courtyards of the squat, red-brick build

a
x
«<
much money during the recession ings offer no place to sit. “This is a place
to work,” says a spokesman wearing the
ra standard-issue Santander red tie.
Spend an hour in Santander City and

TIME February 1, 2010 Global 1

 GLOBAL BUSINESS BANKING .

it’s easier to understand Banco Santander’s
unlikely march from sixth biggest bank
in Spain to largest bank in the euro zone.
Since Emilio Botin took over for his father
in 1986, Santander has spent more than
$60 billion buying banks in Spain, Latin
America, Europe and, more recently, the
U.S. By sticking to old-fashioned banking
practices while shrewdly employing the
firm’s sophisticated banking software,
Botin has also made Santander lushly
profitable, earning close to $25 billion
in the past two years even as the world’s
economies teetered on the brink. Profit
for 2009 stayed roughly even with 2008's
$12.8 billion, making Santander the third
most profitable bank in the world.
Botin’s commitment to banking’s stodg-
iest virtues—conservatism and patience—
means that Santander eschewed the sort of
loans that need to be sliced and diced into
nonsensical derivatives, which caused the
meltdown on Wall Street. Botin loves brick-
and-mortar branches because he wants to
be able to look into his customers’ eyes be-
fore he lends thema penny. So there’sa lot of
eyeballing going on, as Santander now has
tander exercised its right of first refusal
to buy the remaining 75% for $1.9 billion.
Now Santander has to hope Sovereign is
worth more than the peanuts it paid for it.
“Ifabank is strong, it is not for sale. Banks
are sold, not bought,” says Juan Rodriguez
Inciarte, Santander’s director general and
an architect ofits international expansion.
Inciarte says Santander will give Sover-
eign the same treatment it gave the U.K.’s
Abbey National bank, an ailing mortgage
provider it bought for $11.2 billion in stock
in 2004. It was Santander’s first foray into
Anglo-Saxon territory, and Botin’s “Span-
ish paper,” in the words ofone shareholder,
Moneymaker.
Profits are solid;
geographic spread
has helped growth
Profits
{d
was met with contemptuous resistance. |
The deal became even less popular
when Abbey’s new CEO, Anténio Horta-
Osorio, slammed the brakes on new
mortgage lending in 2006, in the middle |
of the housing bubble. But Horta-Osorio
looked prescient after U.K. banks such as
Alliance & Leicester and Bradford & Bing-
ley kept on lending and found themselves
in crisis when the market crashéd. San-
tander bought them both (in B&B’s case, |
only the deposits and branches) for about
one-fifth of what it paid for Abbey.
THE ABBEY TURNAROUND CAME STRAIGHT
from the Santander playbook—and high
lights the second key to the its incredible
success: software. First step: in goes San
tander’s proprietary Parthenon software,
which organizes a bank’s business by
customer instead of by product line, as Ab
bey’s had been. “This is the kind of sophis
ticated information JPMorgan still didn’t
have, and I saw it at a Santander branch in
Chile,” says Davide Serra, head of the U.K.’s
Algebris hedge fund. The system facilitates

cross-selling to existing customers while

13,390 branches worldwide, more than any
of its competitors. Botin also loathes risk. If
any of his managers want to make a loan
of much more than $14 million, they had
better be able to convince Botin it’s going to
be repaid. “Our customers and our share-
holders expect us to be leaders in customer
service, to be strong, sound and profitable,”
Botin told Time by e-mail. “Some may find
that boring, but it actually requires a lot of
determination, focus and very hard work.
If there is one lesson to be learned from the
crisis, it is that good risk management is
essential in banking.”
Santander has long employed an inde-
pendent risk-management committee that
reports directly to the Santander board. It
is charged with reining in managers over-
eager to drum up new business without
looking hard enough at the pitfalls. This
kind of top-down risk management was
missing at many financial institutions
before the crisis. They managed risk more
along the lines of business segments, paying
scant attention to systemic risk. “I learned
a lot about risk by watching Emilio in ac-
tion,” says Harry Kamen, retired chairman
of Metropolitan Life and a former Santand-
er board member, who realigned Met Life’s
risk management to resemble Santander’s.
Santander still has to prove itself in the
U.S. In 2006 the firm spent $2.9 billion to
buy 25% of Sovereign Bancorp, a regional
bank in the Northeast. By October 2008,
Sovereign’s stock had fallen 85%, and San-
allowing Santander to cut back-office staff
drastically. Abbey’s total numberofemploy
ees dropped from 25,331 to 16,489, while
costs have come down from 70% of income
to about 40%, in line with Santander’s over
all cost-to-income ratio. The average cost
to-income ratio in this sector of the U.K.
Customer distribution by country banking business is 55%.
Santander’s only stumble has been that
Chile it steered some of its private-banking cli
3.5%
ents into Bernard Madoff’s Ponzi scheme
Venezuela ;—
through its Geneva-based Optimal hedge
3.5% |
funds. It moved fast to make good, offering
Germany
6% to repay 100% of the sums invested. San-
Mexico tander says 94% ofits Madoff victims have
9.5%
accepted, costing the bank $648 million.
Source: Santander The ongoing parlor game in Madrid now
is betting on who's going to succeed Botin, |
Santander was founded in 1857; a Botin has
run it since 1920. Current chief executive
Alfredo Saenz came to the bank when it
bought Banesto in 1994, and he brought the
Parthenon operating platform with him.
He’s very smart, and at most other banks
he’d be a shoo-in. But Botin is a dynastic
kind of guy, and his daughter Ana Patricia,
49, currently heads Banesto, which is still
run asa separate network. Today, the Botin
family owns only about 2% of the bank, but
“Emilio runs Santander as if it was wholly |
owned by him,” says a top executive.
For anybody handicapping this one,
Santander City might supply another clue.
Among the modern brick buildings are
rows of olive trees that Botin had brought
O34sv

in, their trunks gnarled and twisted. You

Driver Those who know him say Botin, 75, won't find one less than 1,000 years old. |
won't stop until he’s the world’s top banker Tradition still counts for a lot here. mG
—
Global 2
 N
ENERGY PRIZE

Congratulations to the winner and finalists of the Zayed Future Energy Prize:

Winner
Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan)

Finalist
Amitabha Sadangi, Chief Executive Officer,
International Development Enterprises (India)

Finalist
Dr. Zhengrong Shi, Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer,
Suntech Power Holdings Co., Ltd. (China)

TURNING TODAY’S

IDEAS
INTO TOMORROW’S

ENERGY
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GLOBAL BUSINESS AM ERICAN
RESTRUCTURING
Starbucks Can Smell
Growth. [n his second stint
as CEO, Howard Schultz had
to create a turnaround plan
in the middle of a recession
BY BARBARA KIVIAT
TWO YEARS AGO, STARBUCKS
was floundering. For the first
time in its history, the com-
pany that made coffee part
ofour social scene saw U.S.
same-store sales drop. Then
the recession hit. Founder
Howard Schultz, who had re-
tired as CEO years earlier, took
back the helm. His challenge:
to rebuild Starbucks in the
midst of asevere downturn.
Where do things stand now?
In any situation like this,
there is no finish line. Having
said that, we feel very positive
Global 4
RE: REINVENTING AND RETOOLING
about how we've transformed
the company. We took out
almost $600 million of cost.
We closed underperforming
stores. This has also beena
dynamic period of innova-
tion, with Pike Place Roast,
the reinvention of food, the
Starbucks rewards program
and engaging with customers
through social media. We are
more nimble and disciplined,
and customers are coming
back. We are ready to start
growing the company again.
Has the financial crisis perma-
nently changed how people
spend money?
THE U.S. ECONOMY --
People much smarter than me
talk about the new normal.
It remains to be seen how far
the pendulum swings back,
but I think one thing is true:
consumer companies have a
burden to provide real value
and a compelling reason for
a customer to be loyal.
In the fall, you started selling
instant coffee in stores like
Costco and Target, which is
quite a departure. Why?
The largest segment in
all of coffee is instant
soluble—worth §21 billion
worldwide—and it hadn’t had
any innovation to speak of,
except for package design, in
50 years. The Frappuccino was
born in Starbucks stores and
then became a billion-dollar
brand in bottles in the grocery
channel, but that wasn’t by
design. Now, for the first time,
we are going to market with
a strategy that is much more
comprehensive. We're just
getting started with our port-
folio of products.
But doesn't that mean compet-
ing in the grocery aisle against
Procter & Gamble and Nestlé?
It’s a humbling effort. We
are the small, underdog com-
pany. But we think our prod-
uct, our price point and the
consumer interface we have
from our stores give us a com-
pelling proposition and an
opportunity to do something
others can’t.
You've started selling another
of your brands, Seattle's Best,
in Subway sandwich shops.
What's the strategy there?
Seattle’s Best has been under
the shadow of Starbucks, and
as we began to transform the
company, we realized that
it should be managed for
‘Consumer
companies have
a burden to provide
real value and a
compelling reason
for a customer to
be loyal.’
——HOWARD SCHULTZ
its own destiny. We think
we're sitting on a billion-
dollar brand, and we want to
unleash Seattle’s Best to do
things that Starbucks can’t
do. It has more of a mass ap-
peal. It’s a more approachable
coffee in terms of its taste.
There are a number of[fast-
food] companies that want to
get into the breakfast business
and don’t have a coffee solu-
tion. Subway is just the first.
Starbucks International has
a new president, and your
last earnings call was held in
London. Is it safe to say you're
turning attention overseas?
Yes. Our primary business in
terms of revenue and profit is
North America, and the issues
we had to solve were primar
ily U.S.-based. That’s where
We've been laser focused. But
we now feel in good shape, so
we're going to shift a signifi
cant amount of resources to
the growth and development
of international business. De
spite the fact that we're in 50
countries, with the exception
of Japan and the U.K., we're
in the embryonic stages. I’ve
talked a great deal over the
last couple of years about the
fact that we’re now profitable
in China, but we're still sig-
nificantly understored. That’s
one specific area ofinterest.
Starbucks is big on the social-
networking scene. What have
you learned?
People get information in
all kinds of ways now, and
companies can no longer talk
at the consumer. You have to
engage in a discussion and let
people create, discover and
share information and not
just try to sell them things.
What has surprised you the
most during your second
go-round as CEO?
The past year anda half has
reminded me in many ways
of what it was like when
we started the business. We
weren't entitled to success,
and we had to fight for busi-
ness and respect. Over the
past year anda half, that
mentality returned. si 443f
SIBUO
INITLN
4
TIME February 1, 2010
 How can we help patients getmore
_ face time than their files do

Me ns

Siemens Integrated Healthcare solutions help hospitals improve

reaction time and focus on patient care.
Hospitals perform best when they can concentrate on what's important—their patients. Siemens health information
systems provide access to electronic health records, helping hospitals eliminate paperwork, reduce human error, cut
costs and support faster care overall. It's just one aspect of Siemens solutions for Integrated Healthcare. Somewhere
in America, our team of 69,000 employees has already answered some of the nation’s toughest questions. And we're
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siemens.com/answers SIEMENS
GLOBAL BUSINESS AMERICAN RE: REINVENTING AND RETOOLING THE U.S. ECONOMY - —————

which now includes high-end sunglasses,

watches, boots and sports apparel. Ferrier
traveled to Italy to investigate how carbon-
fiber technology is being used to make
race cars both lightweight and durable.
The same carbon-fiber material was in-
corporated into the C Six, with each pair
sculpted by 24 hours of continuous com-
puter-controlled machining. Other prod-
ucts in Oakley’s Elite collection include
an aluminum version of the C Six ($1,500),
the carbon-fiber Timebomb II wristwatch
($2,750) and the Elite Assault Boot ($500),
made from fireproof CarbonX fabric inter
woven with stainless steel. Oakley expects
the engineering advances it has made with
DESIGN the Elite collection to trickle down into its
5 - ype everyday line of sunglasses, boots and ap
Oakley Ss Pursuit of Cool. ( rO1T) id d parel. The majority of Oakley’s sunglasses

little
; >
overboard
Tear
on products
“C)(
is1c part- of - Hwatehetipaebhaaigrk ee
ao
are priced in the $110-to-$200
range.

what creates the company’s edge
BY TOM MCNICHOL/FOOTHILL RANCH
IT’S NOT FAIR TO SAY THAT THE INMATES
are running the asylum at Oakley, the hy-
percool eyewear company—they’re de-
signing and engineering the joint as well.
Employeeing new materials and daring
designs for its products is the lifeblood of
Oakley, but it’s never been more impor-
tant than now, with consumers needing
more convincing than ever that pricey
brand names are worth the cost.
Oakley made its name by turning ordi-
nary sunglassesintoa $150 branded-eyewear
experience. And those are the cheap mod-
els. The company recently introduced the
C Six, a limited-edition pair made from 75
layers of carbon fiber. Price: $4,000.
The company doesn’t expect a run on
$4,000 shades. Only 250 pairs of the carbon-
fiber sunglasses have been made, and many
of them have already been snapped up by
well-to-do
‘ ;
customers.
pe
But Oakley makes
items like the C Six to push the technology
and discover new ways to design and man-
ufacture products. “Our job is to constantly
search for what’s cool and then come up
with something that’s cooler than that,”
says Peter Yee, senior design director.
“Pursuit of cool” is not part of the com-
pany’s mission statement, but it’s a heck of
a recruiting slogan. “Most of my engineer-
ing friends went into horribly stifling jobs
where they get to design things like an on-
off switch that clicks,” says Neil Ferrier,
26, an advanced-product-development
engineer. “The freedom here at Oakley is
fantastic. Once you're given the basic aims
ofa project, you're free to run with it.”
Constant innovation is at the heart
of nearly everything Oakley produces,
aa
3|
a ilar eee eunalaaens
0:akley ratchets up the snob appeal
with its $4,000 carbon-fiber shades
2. 12 GAUGE WATCH From a line of
weapon-named watches, it features
a sapphire crystal and a tachymeter
scale and costs $1,195
3. ELITE ASSAULT BOOT Puncture-
and fire-resistant and approved by
U.S. special forces; $500 a pair
Keeping it cool Designing colors
and artwork for sunglass stems
impress or provoke; even the company’s
headquarters in Foothill Ranch, south of
Los Angeles, are over the top. The main
entrance hall looks like something out of
a video game, with a huge vaulted ceiling
set off by moody lighting and a row of ejec
tion seats rescued from World War II-era
fighter jets. The place is equal parts play-
ground, factory and product-test labora
tory. In one test, a quarter-inch steel ball
is fired at eyewear at more than 100 m.p.h.
(160 km/h); in another, a heavy steel spike
is dropped ona lens. Glasses are also folded
and unfolded thousands of times by ma
chine and bombarded by heat, cold, salt
and ultraviolet light.
Such attention to performance has
made Oakley a favorite among high-profile
athletes as well as among U.S. military
and law-enforcement personnel. Oak-
leys are also popular with counterfeiters
worldwide: Oakley’s HQ features display |
cases filled with fake Oakleys, which some
call> Jokeleys. A . *
Then again, coming up with designs
that counterfeiters want to copy is es-
: a ; j
sential to Oakley’s continued profitabil-
ity. Since 2007, Oakley has been part of
Luxottica Group, an Italian eyewear con-
glomerate that also owns Ray-Ban and |
the Sunglass Hut chain of retail outlets.
Luxottica doesn’t break out sales figures |
for Oakley, but Daniel Hofkin, an ana- |
lyst with Chicago-based William Blair & |
Co., estimates that Oakley currently adds
about §1 billion a year in revenue to Luxot- |
tica’s $7 billion annual total. |
To keep sales of expensive eyewear |
brisk in this economy, Oakley will have
to continue to reinvent its products and
itself. That’s an exercise many companies
are afraid to try. Oakley’s engineers can’t |
wait to tear the place apart and build a
new one. a

Global 6 TIME February 1, 2010

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 © ARCHITECTURE © BOOKS © MOVIES © SHORT LIST

Come fly with me

Inside Saarinen’s
curvaceous
TWA terminal,
circa 1962

ARCHITECTURE

Eero Dynamic. Saarinen, the man who made

- Modernism sexy, is finally getting his due
BY RICHARD LACAYO
IN THE DECADES AFTER WORLD WAR II,
when America was assuming its new role
as the center of the known universe, Eero
Saarinen was the man who supplied it with
an architecture suited to the place where
the future happened. For the marquee
names of American capitalism—General
Motors, IBM, CBS—he designed buildinys
that were more than just corporate facili
ties. They were signposts for modernity,
theirs and the nation’s. For New York City
and Washington, Saarinen provided air-
port terminals that were symbols of the ex-
citement and glamour of air travel. (It was
once possible to think of air travel that way.)
Then there was his St. Louis Gateway Arch,
a gleaming vertical curve that even now
could serve as the logo for Tomorrowland.
When he died in 1961—at 51 years
of age, after surgery for a brain tumor—
Saarinen was just arriving at the peak of
his fame and success. He’d been on the
cover of TimE, he had A-list clients, and
his streamlined furniture for Knoll was
so of the moment that Coca-Cola used his
Womb chair in a magazine ad showing an
exhausted Santa Claus slumped in it.
But if his momentary fame was secure,
his long-term reputation was unstable. To
rigorous Modernists, there was something
slack and accommodating about his work.
The swelling lines of his TWA terminal at
what is now JFK International Airport—
weren't they a bit too delicious, too far
from the square-shouldered Modernist
grid? The bright blue exterior of his IBM
facility in Rochester, Minn.—since when
did austere Modernists do big color?
Over the past few years, however,
there’s been a Saarinen reappraisal. Set free
by computer-aided design, contemporary
architects like Santiago Calatrava, Frank
Gehry and Zaha Hadid have moved quite
a distance from Modernist orthodoxy. And
a great deal of Saarinen’s work, especially
his adventures in fluid geometry, today
looks as if it’s the predecessor of theirs. It’s
easier now to regard his expressive build-
ings as a principled attempt to reconcile
the Modernist drive to purify and clarify
with the abiding human desire for some-
thing that strikes other, warmer and no
less essential chords.
Yale, where Saarinen earned his de-
gree in the 1930s, has been restoring the
buildings he designed in the 1950s for
its campus. Work on the David S. Ingalls
Hockey Rink, designed in 1956, has just
been completed. An obvious precursor
50
to the arabesques of the TWA terminal,
Ingalls represents Saarinen at his most vo- Lines of Authority.
luptuous, with a roofline forminga gentle
curve that swells in the middle, then dips
Saarinen brought
and rises at both ends like the prow of a a sculptor’s eye to
ship, or two prows. Yalies call it the Whale.
Meanwhile, at Yale’s Morse College, an everything he did
undergraduate residential complex by
Saarinen that was inspired by the plan
and proportions of an Italian hill town,
something close to a gut renovation is
nearly finished. Restoration of the adjoin-
ing Stiles College begins in the spring.
The rereading of Saarinen gathered
speed in 2002, when a trove of his papers
and drawings was donated to the Yale
University Library by the architect Kevin
Roche, who had joined Saarinen’s firm
as a young man and saw to completion
several important Saarinen projects that
were unfinished at the time of his death.
That archive laid the basis for a museum
show that began traveling in 2006 andruns
through Jan. 31 at the Museum ofthe City
of New York before moving to Yale, its fi-
nal stop, on Feb. 19. It tells you something
about Saarinen’s tricky place in the archi-
tectural canon that nearly half a century
after his death, this is the first full career
retrospective devoted entirely to his work.
The Drama of Powerful Forms
SAARINEN WAS A MODERNIST BY BIRTH-
right. His father Eliel was a Finnish archi-
tect whose radically clean-lined entry in
the 1922 competition to design the Chi-
cago Tribune Tower took second place
in the contest but first place in history.
For a rising generation of architects, that
unbuilt proposal was an arrow pointing
straight to the future and a strong influ-
ence on the Empire State Building and
Rockefeller Center. The fame it brought
the elder Saarinen in the U.S. persuaded
him to emigrate the following year from
Finland to Chicago. A few months later, Up, up and away
his wife and children, including his preco- Yale’s Ingalls Rink,
cious 12-year-old Eero, joined him. above, is Saarinen at
The most important project of Eliel his most voluptuous.
Saarinen’s American career was Cran- From left: Saarinen,
brook Academy, a school of the arts situ- about 1956; the
ated on the estate of a wealthy patron in St. Louis Gateway
Bloomfield Hills, Mich., where the Saari- Arch, completed
nens soon relocated. In his teens, Eero in 1965; and CBS
worked occasionally on projects in his headquarters in New
father’s studio. From early in his career, York City, also 1965
the younger Saarinen’s buildings grew
out of the Modernist principles of simpli-
fied form and clearly expressed structure.
But soon he was looking for ways to move
beyond the arctic purities of Modernism’s
TIME February 1, 2010
Padded womb first generation. Mies van der Rohe and
Saarinen’s 1948 Le Corbusier had done what they could to
Womb chair cancel architecture's debt to the past and
combines high remake it froma kind of formal and histor
Modernist tubular ical ground zero. The second generation
steel with gentler of which Saarinen was a part, along with
ergonomic seating Philip Johnson, Louis Kahn, I.M. Pei and
Edward Durrell Stone—would struggle in
different ways to reconnect architecture to
its sources in history.
They would also struggle to accommo
date it to the appetites of postwar Ameri
ca, an abundant, full-of-itself nation. The
country’s corporate and institutional élites
were open to the idea of seeing their power
expressed in a contemporary idiom, with
none of the grand and intricate ornament
of earlier generations. Yet the bare-bones
Modernism that came of age in Europe
between the wars was not quite what they
were looking for.
In Saarinen they found a man who op
erated in their sweet spot. His work had
the richness and lyricism that so many
Modernist buildings lacked. At the same :
time, he had taste and intelligence. He
wasn’t about to give them the kind of thing
suited to Vegas casinos and Miami Beach *
hotels. For the most part, the wow factor in
his buildings was a matter of structure, not
sparkle. Saarinen was enchanted by the
drama of powerful forms. His mother was
asculptor, and he had studied sculpture be
fore switching to architecture. The massive
curve of the Gateway Arch, the muscular ;
reach of the tilted pylons of Washington's
Dulles International Airport, the black
granite palisades of the CBS headquarters,
his only skyscraper, a thing that appears
to shoot skyward from the bedrock of
Manhattan—these are works of an archi
tect, like Gehry and Calatrava today, who
was thinkingin sculptural terms.
All the things that pure Modernism
excluded from architecture, including
symbolism and psychology, Saarinen
brought to his TWA terminal. With the
wide concrete wingspread of its flaring
roof, it resembles a bird in flight. But more
than that, it has an almost maternal qual
ity, one that’s re-emphasized by the Fal
lopian coils of the stairways inside. And
the long enclosed tunnel that passengers §
had to walk from the main terminal to the =
gates—isn’t that like a birth canal leading
you to the moment you are launched into
the sky? This is, after all, the man who in
vented the Womb chair.
The Greeks called architecture the
mother of all arts. Maybe it took Saarinen
to show how true that was. oa

51

BOOKS
From Europe with Love. A new
anthology brings the best of Continental
writing to American shores
BY RADHIKA JONES
TRY THIS: NAME FIVE CONTEMPO-
rary European writers, not counting
Irish or British. If you’re having
trouble, there’s a good reason—you
probably haven't encountered many.
Translations of foreign-language
works make up a mere 3% to 5%
FIRST LINE of the books published in the U.S.
Albaniaisa annually, and that includes new edi-
country where
no one ever
tions ofclassics like Anna Karenina.
dies. Except forafew recent breakouts—
Roberto Bolano, Stieg Larsson, Per
Petterson—translated authors
tend to deliver anemic sales, which
makes mainstream American pub-
lishers loath to gamble on them.
And Bolan and Larsson were dead
(both prematurely, at the age of 50)
by the time their books hit big in the
States. This is not a great incentive to
break into the marketplace.
With the new anthology Best
European Fiction 2010 (Dalkey Ar-
chive Press; 421 pages), edited by
Chicago-based writer Aleksandar
Hemon, our literary world just
got wider. Hemon, an award-
winning author who was born in
Sarajevo and did not begin writ-
ing in English until he was in his
early 30s, is an excellent guide to
the European sensibility. And Best
European is an exhilarating read.
With stories from 35 nations and
regions from Albania to Wales, it’s
like a Eurail pass that lets you tour a
continent’s worth of psychological
landscapes. Trying to take in all of
them in one sitting can induce the
armchair equivalent of museum
fatigue; this is a volume built for
browsing. You can get halfway
through a story, put it down, pick
it back up again and ask, Where
was I? Oh, right—Denmark.
And there’s powerful stuff going
on in Denmark. “Bulbjerg,” by Naja
Marie Aidt, tells of afamily outing
With stories from
Albania to Wales,
it’s like a Eurail pass
that lets you tour
35 landscapes
derailed by an accident, then by the
revelation of betrayal. Before things
started going south, the father had
planned to show his son a bit of
Danish history, a German bunker
from World War II. “We were sup-
posed to have hada nice little talk
about the Occupation,” he notes.
The emotions unleashed in this
tale couldn’t be contained in any
nice little talk. They are painfully
universal. Yet you know exactly
where in the universe you are.
This is the hallmark ofgreat short
stories, from Chekhov’s portraits
of discontented Russians to Joyce’s
struggling Dubliners to Jhumpa La-
hiri’s uprooted Bengalis. People are
the same every where; it’s the places
that define them that are different.
The writers in Best European
seem a more adventurous bunch
than their American counterparts.
They experiment freely with struc-
ture and venture more often down
the path of metafiction, debating
the direction of astory even as their
characters are entangled in it. (“The
Basilica in Lyon,” by Serbian writer
David Albahari, is a mesmerizing
dream chase along those lines.)
Hemon says this is a reflection
partly of his own editorial taste but
also of the European publishing
environment, which doesn't follow
the American blockbuster model.
“There's a lot of American fiction
on the fringes that is very daring,”
he says. “But it is judged not by
courage or the risks that it takes
but by its success.” By contrast, he
says, “European literatures are not
so market-driven. An Estonian
writer is not striving to write a best
seller, because what would bea best
seller in Estonia?”
Dalkey Archive Press hopes the
2010 edition will be the first in an
annual series. That sounds good
to Hemon, who says readership
of foreign fiction needs to be cul-
tivated over time. But the hunger
for it is there: “There’s a tradition
of exceptionalism and insular
ity in America, but there’s also a
tradition of openness and interest
in other parts of the world.” In the
book’s preface, Zadie Smith writes,
a
“I was educated in a largely Anglo- 3
American library, and it is some-
x
$
=
times dull to stare at the same four ¥
=>
walls all day.” Best European Fiction
puts in 35 new windows. You don’t
.
have to love all the views, but it’s
certainly nice to have them. o IWLL
AO:
HO
TIME February 1, 2010
MOVIES
Return of the Four-Hankie Movie.
BY RICHARD CORLISS
FORGET 3-D, CGI AND PERFORMANCE CAP
ture. The only special effects the new, fact
based drama Extraordinary Measures needs
are Brendan Fraser’s big watery eyes. They
gaze at a wheelchair-bound child and fill
helplessly with sympathy, empathy, pa
thos. They glint with a steely resolve when
he thinks of a way to prolong the lives of
his ailing kids. And when he fights to bring
a crucial medication to fruition, viewers’
eyes may mist up a bit as well. Such is the
emotive impact of the movie genre known
as the true-life inspirational.
Extraordinary Measures, based on a book
by Wall Street Journalreporter Geeta Anand,
describes the mission of businessman John
Crowley (Fraser) to find doctors who could
develop a drug to treat Pompe disease, a rare
genetic disorder that has affected two of his
three children. A Harvard M.B.A., Crowley
quits his job as a management consultant
and moves his family to be near doctors
working ona cure. He soon founds his own
biotech company to steer and spur the doc
tors’ research. (In the movie, the medics are
compacted into the single, ornery person
of Harrison Ford.) Do they find a therapy
in time to save Crowley’s children? That’s
the film’s suspense factor—a ticking time
bomb attached to two winsome kids.
This is the first theatrical movie made
by CBS Films, which serves as a reminder
TIME February 1, 2010
that the noble-suffering genre flowered in
the disease-of-the-week TV movies that
were a Staple of ’80s prime-time network
schedules. Inspirationals are more at
home at home. There, one can cry buckets
without mortification; no one’s around to
notice. A movie theater, though, is a pub
lic, not intimate, space—a cathedral, not
a confessional. Knowing this, Hollywood
mostly avoids feature-length sentiment
and concentrates on movies that can rouse
a crowd. People in theaters don’t mind
laughing out loud or gasping at a shock
scene; both humor and fear are audibly
contagious. Sentiment isn’t. If you are
moved by an inspirational film, you may
sob furtively, then slink away and recom
mend the film to your Aunt Mildred.
Sometimes an inspirational clicks
with millions of Mildreds. The word gets
out that some little movie will leave audi
ences limp with emotion and gratitude.
A bunch of these true-life uplifters (The
The good fight
Fraser and Ford,
above, hunt for
acure
Pep talk
Bullock, right,
finds a way for
Oher—and the
mass audience
Sound of Music, A Man for All Seasons, Chari
ots ofFire, Gandhi, Schindler’s List, A Beautiful
Mind) have won the Oscar for Best Picture,
and many others (My Left Foot, Awakenings,
Shine, Erin Brockovich, The Pianist, Seabiscuit)
have been nominated. It may be that mem
bers of the Motion Picture Academy, on
the whole far older than the average movie
audience, recall when the inspirational
was so popular that it had a nickname:
the four-hankie movie. Now the genre is
nearly as hard to find as... a hankie.
Doing Well by Doing Good
SO HOLLYWOOD TOOK KEEN NOTICE O}
the recent breakthrough of The Blind Side,
an inspirational that in two months has
earned around $230 million at the domes
tic box office on a paltry $29 million bud
get. It’s the story of NFL rookie Michael
Oher and the wealthy white woman who
eight years ago saved the young Michael
from a forlorn life on the streets, adopted
him and encouraged him to play football.
A canny mix of violent sports (for the guys
in the audience) and do-gooder heart (for
the women), The Blind Side won Sandra
Bullock a Golden Globe and may win her
an Oscar nomination. What’s certain is
that the movie's success will green-light a
slew of inspirationals.
Even The Blind Side doesn’t have as much
on the line as Extraordinary Measures:
life or death for the two ailing, adorable
kids in the movie and for the thousands
like them who will die before they’re 10
if a treatment isn’t found quick. Does the
phrase emotional blackmail come to mind?
In theory, an inspirational story about a
child facing death by disease is no more
or less manipulative than a thriller plot
about aman who turns to revenge because
his wife and kids were murdered. What
matters is the tone: Does it pander to the
situation or elevate it to coherent drama?
For most of Measures, screenwriter Rob
ert Nelson Jacobsand directorTim Vaughan
take the elevator. They observe the story’s
complexities and keep the finger-pointing
toaminimum. They pump up the tension
by obliging John, likea thriller hero caught
between the law and the bad guys, to battle
both the long odds of finding a treatment
and the fiery truculence of Ford’s Dr. Stone
hill. But while Ford growls and prowls
like Darth Vader advancing on Han Solo,
Fraser keeps the story anchored in real
ity. Meredith Droeger does too: as
the Crowleys’ afflicted daughter,
she’s a smart little bundle of
fighting spirit.
So is the movie, which keeps
its head while digging into your
heart. You have this critic’s per
mission to cry in public. &
 Lily Tomlin’s
Short List
There are few actresses as versatile as Tom-
lin: she’s performed onstage and -screen, in
productions ranging from sketch comedies
to serious dramas, and has taken home
Tonys, Emmys and a Grammy to boot.
This month, she starts a guest-star run on
the legal thriller Damages. When she’s not
working 9 to 5, you might find her taking
her daily dose of kitsch or downloading a
book onto her Kindle.

' One giant leap

i | found Craig Nelson's book Rocket Men,
by about the first men on the moon, endlessly
ale
y’
"» fascinating. The sweeping human adventure
; thrilled me as much as the hilarious man-
made mistakes tickled me—like the NASA
designers’ neglecting to put handles on
the Eagle's outside door, so Armstrong and
TRURIRION Aldrin had to leave it ajar before they took
Caprica their momentous walk. No doubt they took
pe . hat “
lhe cerebral sci-fi of Battlestar Galactica comes down to hl is * alas
wi
5 the ali door.
earth—well, an earthlike planet—in a prequel about how __| Reading companions
a hubristic cybernetics mogul (Eric Stoltz, left) created the Wher hitoao ea eifiesion of ferniism, |
sat ‘ ‘ led he kt ofthe hines. Y, 3 read Robin Morgan to remind me of what
soitware t at ed to the revo tort le mac ines. ou wont | always want to remember. When
I need
need a Ph.D. in BSG to enjoy this virtual-reality head trip. a surge of mystery and oneness to open
my heart, | read the magazines Parabola
‘DvD and the Sun. When | want to be hit upside
Roberto Rossellini’s War Trilogy the head, | turn to Richard Dawkins, It's
In 1945, Rome Open City searingly dramatized the ravages of war, that glimmer of seeing what he’s getting
announced the birth of Italian neorealism and showcased that dy | at that brings me back each time with
namic diva Anna Magnani. With Paisan and Germany Year Zero, it determination.
remains a potent testament to a people’s will to survive... anything. 4
: ia : 6 Radio days
VIDEO GAME Stephanie Miller as commentator-comic
Mass Effect 2 Mama and her irreverent two-man band
of merrymaking mischief monkeys get
The state of the art in grand-scale, two-disc space operas, Mass Ef-
me laughing every morning. Then | get
fect 2 picks up two years after the end of the first installment of
deeply serious with Amy Goodman on
its galactic-noir story line. With beefier combat added to the role-
Democracy Now!
playing, it’s the Avatar of video games—except it’s better written.
Kitsch maven

4 AaroRoom and a Half

The early life of poet Joseph Brodsky, who grew up in postwar Len-
Check out the Allee Willis
Museum of Kitsch at
a
sti
awmok.com, and don't i
ingrad, was jailed under Khrushchev, moved to the U.S. and won miss the Kitsch o’ the
a Nobel, is reimagined by director Andrei Khrzhanovsky in an en Day. It's a destina- Yo
chanting memory film about parental love and political fortitude. | tion you'll visit again
and again. f i

Patton Os:
Patton Oswalt
|

Trendsetter
t

WP) i t

After Mo’Nique in Precious, another top stand-up comic does a fine Years ago lenjoyedJohn ia Ax
dramatic turn. In the lowlife parable Big Fan from Robert Siegel (he | Naisbitt’s Megatrends. Sis
wrote The Wrestler), Oswalt plays a rabid New York Giants fan. Toa Now | plan to download
mostly shrill film he lends nuance, obsession and dweebish charm. his China's Megatrends
onto my new Kindle—a
megatrend I'm hoping he
Arts Online
mentioned in his first book.
For more reviews and openings this weekend, go to time.com/entertainment

By Richard Corliss, Lev Grossman and James Poniewozik

lc Body, tsMonda
ff
a k y
 The Awesome Column
|. Stein
Calling All Guidos. !n which | get together
with the bard of the Garden State to
assess the merits of Jersey Shore
I DEEPLY LOVE NEW JERSEY, THOUGH NOT ENOUGH TO
live there. So when I heard that MTV’s reality show
Jersey Shore has been portraying my home state as a pit
of testosterone, salaciousness and vulgarity, I was furi-
ous to think that it might be an inaccurate presentation
of New Jersey’s testosterone, salaciousness and vulgarity.
To check, I asked director Kevin Smith, New Jersey’s
great chronicler in films such as Clerks and Mallrats, to
watch the show and comment on its inaccuracies. Smith,
who lives three miles from my house in Los Angeles,
does not watch any reality shows because that would
take time from comic-book reading. But he invited me
over to his giant house, where he greeted me in a black
robe covering his New Jersey
Devils T-shirt and pants. Clearly
I had overdressed for Jersey Shore
watching. Smith led me to his
bedroom and brought us a bunch
of boxes of Yoo-hoo on a silver
platter. Then we lay down on his
bed on our stomachs, his 103-inch
plasma television screen two feet
in front of our faces. We were go-
ing to see 4-ft. 9-in. Jersey Shore star
Nicole (Snooki) Polizzi life-size.
While all of Smith’s quotes
below are otherwise accurate, be-
cause ofthe sensitive nature of my
editors, Ichanged his profanities
to ones used in Elizabethan times.
As the first episode started, we were both shocked to
learn that only one of the eight Italian-American cast
members was actually from Jersey. The rest were Ben-
nies, a term for people who come to the shore during the
summer. “All these jackanapes are Bennies,” Smith sort
of said. “Looking at this show and thinking it’s about
New Jersey is like looking at Hogan’s Heroes and think-
ing it’s a real depiction of World War II.” When Smith
saw the cast’s house decorated with maps of Jersey
surrounded by Cadillac emblems and Italian flags, he
vowed to take down his own antique map ofthe state.
“This is like the moment for Catholics when Madonna
started wearing a crucifix and turned it into a trinket,”
he said, before yelling “Flax-wench!”
Not long into the show, however, we both admitted
that the Jersey on the screen looked familiar. In high
school | abused hair gel and Jovan musk and rocked a
black tank top. Smith went to the movies in the town
that Sammi (Sweetheart) Giancola is from, and we both
had spent some time at the beach where the show is
56
set, Seaside Heights—or, as my friends called it, Sleaze
side Heights. When Smith saw the iron-on-T-shirt shop
the show’s stars were working in, he yelled excitedly
that he had bought three shirts there not long ago. In
fact, he wouldn’t stop talking about it. “I make movies
where people are like, ‘I’ve been to that convenience
store!,’ and here I am doing it: ‘I’ve been to that store. It’s
famous! I’m famous!’”
But the saddest part was when Giancola strolled down
the boardwalk with her sweatpants rolled down at the
waist and Smith sighed deeply. “My wife won't do it,”
he said. “She says it’s too Jersey. She also says you can’t
do it with Juicy Couture. It’s depressing. I think it’s an
awesome look.” And indeed it is.
Though we both thought Jenni
(JWoww) Farley’s scarf of ablouse
draped over her giant fake breasts
was a bit much. Or, more accu-
rately, one of us pretended to.
One episode down, Smith devel
oped an unnatural emotional con
nection to Snooki, who on her first
night in the house stripped down
to her bra and thong, got in the hot
tub with all four male housemates
and tried to make out with each of
them. Smith figured that he would
have hooked up with Snooki and
then tried to save her. “I'd date
Snooki, and she'd cheat on me
repeatedly. ‘Snooki, I’m trying to help.’ ‘I don’t need your
help, you fat canker-blossom!’” I have no doubt that by
now Smith has called his agent about meeting Snooki.
With all the pausing to deconstruct the mating ritu-
als of people who introduce themselves by lifting their
shirts and pointing to their abs, it took us six hours to get
through two episodes. We were deeply disappointed by
how our state was being tarted up. “There’s more dignity
to my weed-dealing clowns,” Smith said. “When Jay and
Silent Bob seem like better role models than these dew-
berries, we're in trouble.” But we did see in the show that
rough-hewn, eager-to-shock impishness that gave both of
us our personalities and our careers. We also recognized
that Jersey toughness that led our wimpy writer selves to
run to Los Angeles, where the witty use of profanity and
not our ability to throw a punch got us jobs and wives. So
if other people need to believe two-dimensional vulgar-
ity is all there is to New Jersey, we can let them have their
little minstrel show. We didn’t need it. Though Smith
asked me to leave the DVDs behind, just in case. &
TIME February 1, 2010
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1-800-33-Honda *Carr ying too much cargo or improperly storing it can affect the handling, stability and operation of this vehicle. Before carrying any cargo, be sure to
consult the owner’s manual for load limits and loading guidelines. 4WD EX-L model shown. © 2009 American Honda Motor Co., Inc