AULA 2P - Processamento Visual

NEUROPSICOLOGIA
AULA 2: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

VISUAL PROCESSING
Fev 2024
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY: VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT
SUMMARY
▪ Assessment of constructional functions and visuospatial abilities

• Drawing Tasks
• Copying Tasks
▪ Visuoperceptual functions assessment

• Visual Recognition
• Visual interference
• Visuo-constr. Ability
PNERCEPTION : VPROCESSING
– VISUAL
EUROPSYCHOLOGY ISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT
VISUAL PROCESSING: NEUROANATOMICAL SUBSTRATES
V1
V2
V1 V2 Ventral Stream
receives and processes receives integrated towards temporal visual
information. Responds information from V1 and association cortex and limbic
to simple visual splits into the dorsal and system.
components such as ventral streams which
orientation and specialize in processing
Dorsal Stream
direction. different aspects of visual
towards parietal (and frontal)
information.
cortex.
VISUAL PROCESSING: NEUROANATOMICAL SUBSTRATES
DORSAL STREAM (WHERE)

an occipito- parietal pathway for spatial vision and
visually guided actions. The dorsal stream or “where”
system processes spatial characteristics of the visual
scene.
VENTRAL STREAM (WHAT)

an occipito- temporal pathway for object recognition.
The ventral stream or “what” system is supposed to
perform a fine-grained analysis of the visual scene,
including processing of color and shape.
(adapt. Goebel et al., 2004)

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP)
Visual interference
Visual Recognition
Visual-constr. ability

Visual interference
Visual Recognition
Visual Object and Space Perception Battery

(VOSP)
- Assess global visual processing

- Construct validity in assessing ventral and dorsal streams of
visual processing
.
Shape Detection Screening Test

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Ventral

Stream
Incomplete Letters

Stream
Silhouettes

Stream
Object Decision

Stream
Progressive Silhouettes
Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Dorsal

Stream
Dot Counting

Stream
Position Discrimination

Stream
Number Location

Stream
Cube Analysis

Specific tests/tasks for each process:
Visual interference
Visual Recognition
Visuo-constr. ability
VISUAL PROCESSING
Visual Recognition
Visual Recognition – Objects/images
- Assess the ability to recognize objects/images

- Visual agnosia
ACE-R
MoCA
Visual Recognition – Faces WMS-III
- Assess the ability to recognize unfamiliar human faces

- Prosopagnosia
Why are faces special?
The processing of faces

relative to other objects
may, to some degree,
utilize different neural
substrates and cognitive
resources.
Immediate
2sec exposure → Visual Faces may make more
recognition demands on holistic
processes, and typically
require individuation of
particular exemplars.
(Lezak, 2012)
(CEGOC, 2008)
Visual interference
Visual Interference/Overlapping
Poppelreuter figure visual perceptual function test
- Simple test of visual perceptual function consisting of four overlapping images
GESTALT
Poppelreuter overlapping figure.

(Sells, 2011)
Visuo-constr. ability
The integral role of VISUOPERCEPTION in CONSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY becomes evident

when persons with significant perceptual deficits encounter difficulty on constructional
tasks.
⮚ Constructional activity combines perception with motor response, and inevitably
has a spatial component.
(Lezak, et al. 2012)

Edit Title Here
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Assessment
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sample text. functions and visuospatial abilities
DRAWING TASKS
Clock Drawing Test
- Multiple cognitive demands

- Screens for dementia as well as for visual-spatial, constructional, and executive difficulties
Clock Drawing Test
“Por favor, desenhe aqui um relógio com os números e, depois

disso, desenhe os ponteiros a marcar, por exemplo, 11 horas e
10 minutos (ou 20 para as 4)”
(Shulman et al., 1993;

Validação Portuguesa: Espirito-Santo, 2014)
Drawing of a clock, illustrating perseveration. This clock drawing was

produced by a 51-year-old college educated man with diagnosis of
frontotemporal dementia (Lezak, 2012).
Normal, moderate, and severe cognitive impairment on the clock drawing

test. Credit: European Society for Cardiology
Assessment of constructional functions and visuospatial abilities
COPYING TASKS
Tasks that can potentially produce meaningful results to the
evaluation of visuospatial disabilities
Visuoconstruction drawing task involving a copy of a geometric ﬁgure of moderate

complexity; the production is scored for the presence, accuracy, placement of the elements,
as well as overall organizational skill.
Bi-dimensional figures Three-dimensional figures
Execution need to bring together unidimensional elements to form two or three-

dimensional units.
COPYING TASKS
Tasks that can potentially produce meaningful results to the
evaluation of visuospatial disabilities
COPYING TASKS

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NEUROPSICOLOGIA

AULA 2: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

▪ Assessment of constructional functions and visuospatial abilities

▪ Visuoperceptual functions assessment

VISUAL PROCESSING: NEUROANATOMICAL SUBSTRATES

VISUAL PROCESSING: NEUROANATOMICAL SUBSTRATES

DORSAL STREAM (WHERE)

VENTRAL STREAM (WHAT)

(adapt. Goebel et al., 2004)

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery

- Assess global visual processing

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP)

Shape Detection Screening Test

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Ventral

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Ventral

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Ventral

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Ventral

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Dorsal

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Dorsal

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Dorsal

Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) Dorsal

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

Visual Recognition – Objects/images

- Assess the ability to recognize objects/images

Visual Recognition – Faces WMS-III

- Assess the ability to recognize unfamiliar human faces

The processing of faces

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

- Simple test of visual perceptual function consisting of four overlapping images

Poppelreuter overlapping figure.

VISUAL PROCESSING ASSESSMENT

The integral role of VISUOPERCEPTION in CONSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY becomes evident

⮚ Constructional activity combines perception with motor response, and inevitably

has a spatial component.

(Lezak, et al. 2012)

Clock Drawing Test

- Multiple cognitive demands

Clock Drawing Test

“Por favor, desenhe aqui um relógio com os números e, depois

(Shulman et al., 1993;

Drawing of a clock, illustrating perseveration. This clock drawing was

Normal, moderate, and severe cognitive impairment on the clock drawing

Assessment of constructional functions and visuospatial abilities

Visuoconstruction drawing task involving a copy of a geometric ﬁgure of moderate

Bi-dimensional figures Three-dimensional figures

Execution need to bring together unidimensional elements to form two or three-

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